IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0995972
(2001-11-29)
|
우선권정보 |
JP-0091643 (2000-03-29); JP-0017160 (2001-01-25) |
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Yasuoka, Takehiko
- Ohta, Noriyuki
- Yamashita, Hiroyuki
- Seto, Masatoshi
- Matsumoto, Masakazu
- Saito, Fumihiko
- Araki, Keiji
|
출원인 / 주소 |
|
대리인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
54 인용 특허 :
6 |
초록
▼
During stratified-charge combustion operation of a direct-injection spark ignition engine, at the cylinder compression stroke, a tumble is generated which flows between a spark plug electrode and a piston crown surface toward an injector. A fuel is injected from the injector in correspondence with t
During stratified-charge combustion operation of a direct-injection spark ignition engine, at the cylinder compression stroke, a tumble is generated which flows between a spark plug electrode and a piston crown surface toward an injector. A fuel is injected from the injector in correspondence with the cylinder ignition timing by controlling the penetration of fuel spray from the injector to correspond to the tumble flow rate so that the fuel spray may go against the tumble, become a flammable mixture at the cylinder ignition timing and stay near the spark plug electrode. In the late stage of the compression stroke, diffusion of the flammable mixture is suppressed with squishes. Thus, fuel spray behavior in the combustion chamber is controlled to allow suitable mixture stratification over a wide engine operating condition range. This improves combustion quality and extends a stratified-charge combustion zone thereby providing enhanced fuel economy and power output.
대표청구항
▼
During stratified-charge combustion operation of a direct-injection spark ignition engine, at the cylinder compression stroke, a tumble is generated which flows between a spark plug electrode and a piston crown surface toward an injector. A fuel is injected from the injector in correspondence with t
During stratified-charge combustion operation of a direct-injection spark ignition engine, at the cylinder compression stroke, a tumble is generated which flows between a spark plug electrode and a piston crown surface toward an injector. A fuel is injected from the injector in correspondence with the cylinder ignition timing by controlling the penetration of fuel spray from the injector to correspond to the tumble flow rate so that the fuel spray may go against the tumble, become a flammable mixture at the cylinder ignition timing and stay near the spark plug electrode. In the late stage of the compression stroke, diffusion of the flammable mixture is suppressed with squishes. Thus, fuel spray behavior in the combustion chamber is controlled to allow suitable mixture stratification over a wide engine operating condition range. This improves combustion quality and extends a stratified-charge combustion zone thereby providing enhanced fuel economy and power output. ithin the range of less than 750° C., the final superheating is effected to a higher temperature without significantly increasing the contamination and corrosion hazard for superheater surfaces. 2. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein, in order to ensure a necessary residence time, the superheaters are fitted in the flue gas duct (6) in such a way that downstream of a preparatory temperature range of 750° C. for flue gases the duct (6) is provided with a sufficiently long vacant section (a) upstream of the next superheater (3). 3. A steam generator using biomass as a fuel, comprising a combustion chamber (1), a flue gas duct (6), a steam circuit (7), and superheaters (2, 3, 4, 5) positioned for minimizing corrosion at a high temperature, wherein the steam generator is provided with at least two superheaters (2, 3, 4, 5), whose positioning in a flue gas duct (6) and serial arrangement in a steam circuit (7) have been effected in such a way that the superheater's or superheaters' heat transfer surface has its surface temperature remaining below the melting point of KOH, 406° C. (corresponds to a steam temperature of about 350-380° C.) down to the point in the flue gas duct (6), at which the flue gases' temperature has fallen to 750° C., and that, while the flue gases are within the range of less than 750° C., the final superheating has been effected to a higher temperature without significantly increasing the contamination and corrosion hazard for superheater surfaces. 4. A steam generator as set forth in claim 3, wherein, in order to ensure a necessary residence time, the superheaters have been fitted in the flue gas duct (6) in such a way that downstream of a preparatory temperature range of 750° C. for flue gases the duct (6) has been provided with a sufficiently long vacant section (a) upstream of the next superheater (3). . 163-167. Tracy Hall et al., "Group IV Analogs and High Pressure, High Temperature Synthesis of B2O," Inorganic Chemistry, vol. 4, No. 8, Aug. 1965, pp. 1213-1216. Ruthven, Douglas M., "Adsorption, Fundamentals," Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Apr. 16, 2001 (Online Posting Date), 34 pp. Dillon et al., "A Simple and Complete Purification of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Materials," Advanced Materials, vol. 11, No. 16, 1999, pp. 1354-1358. Duesberg et al., "Chromatographic size separation of single-wall carbon nanotubes," Applied Physics A, vol. 67, 1998, pp. 117-119. Shelimov et al., "Purification of single-wall carbon nanotubes by ultrasonically assisted filtration," Chemical Physics Letters, vol. 282, 1998, pp. 429-434. Tak et al., "A new purification method of single-wall carbon nanotubes using H2S and O2mixture gas," Chemical Physics Letters, vol. 344, 2001, pp. 18-22. Young et al., "High yield purification of multiwalled carbon nanotubes by selective oxidation during thermal annealing," Carbon, vol. 39, 2001, pp. 655-661. Ashraf Imam et al., "Hydrogen Storage on Carbon-Based Nanomaterials," NANOTUBE 2001, 2ndInternational Workshop on the Science and Application of Nanotubes, 2001, 30 pp. International Search Report dated Apr. 8, 2003.
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