A reactive toner that is energy-activated is printed by means of an electrographic device such as a laser printer. The reactive toner is printed onto a substrate. Toner components that cross-link and bond the printed toner permanently onto the substrate, or another substrate through a transfer proce
A reactive toner that is energy-activated is printed by means of an electrographic device such as a laser printer. The reactive toner is printed onto a substrate. Toner components that cross-link and bond the printed toner permanently onto the substrate, or another substrate through a transfer process, are activated by the application of energy to react after printing. Reaction of the energy-activated components may be inhibited with blocking or protecting agents. The image is permanently bonded onto the substrate when the protection provided by the protecting agents is removed by the application of energy to the printed toner. The toner may comprise energy-activated components, colorants, color enhancing polymeric materials, binder resins, internal and external additives such as waxes and charge control agents. The energy-activated components have multiple functional groups that react with active hydrogen, components that contain active hydrogen, or components that are capable of conversion to active hydrogen containing groups.
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A reactive toner that is energy-activated is printed by means of an electrographic device such as a laser printer. The reactive toner is printed onto a substrate. Toner components that cross-link and bond the printed toner permanently onto the substrate, or another substrate through a transfer proce
A reactive toner that is energy-activated is printed by means of an electrographic device such as a laser printer. The reactive toner is printed onto a substrate. Toner components that cross-link and bond the printed toner permanently onto the substrate, or another substrate through a transfer process, are activated by the application of energy to react after printing. Reaction of the energy-activated components may be inhibited with blocking or protecting agents. The image is permanently bonded onto the substrate when the protection provided by the protecting agents is removed by the application of energy to the printed toner. The toner may comprise energy-activated components, colorants, color enhancing polymeric materials, binder resins, internal and external additives such as waxes and charge control agents. The energy-activated components have multiple functional groups that react with active hydrogen, components that contain active hydrogen, or components that are capable of conversion to active hydrogen containing groups. uying and selling of electrical power between a fuel cell powered vehicle and a consumer of electricity, the method comprising: (i) providing connections to the vehicle for the supply of a fuel and for transfer of electricity; (ii) determining the current cost of fuel and price paid for generating electricity; (iii) based at least on the cost of fuel and price paid for generating electricity, determining whether to make the fuel cell powered vehicle available for generation of electricity; and (iv) when fuel is consumed by the vehicle and electricity generated by the vehicle, collecting data on the quantity of fuel consumed and amount of electricity generated, calculating the cost of the fuel and the value of the electricity generated, providing a debit charge for the cost of fuel consumed and a credit charge for the value of electricity generated. 2. A method as claimed in claim 1, which includes in step (iii) additionally including operating and maintenance costs, in determining whether to make the fuel cell powered vehicle available for generation of electricity. 3. A method as claimed in claim 1, which includes in step (iii) additionally including the fuel cell efficiency rating of the vehicle, in determining whether to make the fuel cell powered vehicle available for generation of electricity. 4. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, which additionally includes generating electricity in a plurality of vehicles and setting the load level for each vehicle, to generate electricity at the lowest possible cost. 5. A method as claimed in claim 3, which includes providing a computing device and data storage means on the vehicle, storing data in the data storage means relating to the cost of fuel gas and price paid for generating electricity, and using the computing device to calculate continuously whether the vehicle should be made available for generation of electricity. 6. A method as claimed in claim 5, which includes providing an input to the data storage means of an acceptable spread between the price paid for electricity and the cost of gas, for making the determination in step (iii). 7. A method as claimed in claim 6, which includes; the operator of the vehicle making the vehicle available for electricity generation and setting parameters based on fuel and electricity costs for determining the availability of the vehicle for electricity generation, and passing control of the vehicle to an energy service provider. 8. A method as claimed in claim 3, which includes at least one of, (a) determining the cost of fuel gas, by real time pricing between the vehicle and a fuel gas supplier; and (b) determining the price paid for electricity by real time pricing between the vehicle and an energy service provider. 9. A method as claimed in claim 8, which includes one of a vehicle owner and vehicle operator negotiating a contract with at least one of: a fuel gas broker, for supply of fuel gas; and an energy service provider, for purchase of electricity. 10. A method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the fuel gas broker and the energy service provider are a single entity and wherein the method includes negotiating a single contract providing for payment of a net credit to an account associated with the vehicle. 11. A method as claimed in claim 7, which includes: (i) providing a plurality of docking stations for vehicles, each docking station including connections for the supply of fuel gas to and transfer of electricity from a vehicle; (ii) providing a communication connection between the docking stations and an energy service provider; (iii) permitting each vehicle operator to transmit to the energy service provider a notification of the availability of the operator's vehicle for electricity generation and any limitations on the vehicle availability determined from fuel and electricity costs; and (iv) sending control signals from the energy service provider to individual vehicles to actuate individual fuel cell powe red vehicles as requested and to set load levels for individual vehicles, thereby to meet current electrical demand. 12. A method as claimed in claim 11, which includes providing communication between the energy service provider and the individual vehicles, and providing each vehicle with a unique identification, whereby each vehicle can be uniquely identified, irrespective of the location of the vehicle. 13. A method as claimed in claim 12, which includes utilizing the Internet as the network. 14. A method as claimed in claim 13, which includes providing both hardwired and wireless communication. 15. A method as claimed in claim 12, which includes the energy service provider acting as an aggregator, and aggregating electricity generated by a plurality of vehicles into a single electricity source for resale and distribution. 16. A method as claimed in claim 15, which includes purchasing fuel gas in bulk and disaggregating the fuel by charging each vehicle for a portion of the bulk fuel gas used by the vehicle. 17. A method as claimed in claim 16, which includes the energy service provider acting as a disaggregator for fuel gas, the energy service provider purchasing fuel gas in bulk at one rate and charging each vehicle for a portion of the bulk fuel gas used by the vehicle at a second higher rate. 18. A method as claimed in claim 15, which includes setting a rate for purchase of electricity from each vehicle at an interruptible rate, aggregating electricity generated by the plurality of vehicles into a substantially uninterruptible electricity supply, and reselling the aggregated electricity supply at a higher, uninterruptible rate. 19. A method as claimed in claim 18, which includes: determining, for any given time period, the number of vehicles that will be available for generating electricity; calculating a maximum electrical power that could be generated from said vehicles; calculating the likelihood that a certain percentage of said vehicles may not be available for generating electrical power determined from factors selected from location, time of day, day of the week and seasonal factors; calculating a marginal power level that would be generated from said certain percentage of vehicles; and subtracting said marginal power level from the maximum electrical power, to give a net power level, whereby a reliability factor can be determined for said net power level, and offering for sale electricity at said net power level, at a price that takes into account said reliability factor. 20. A method as claimed in claim 15, which includes utilizing at least a portion of the electricity of said single electricity source locally, to leave a balance amount of generated electricity for resale and distribution. 21. A method as claimed in claim 20, which includes providing vehicles with inverters for inverting generated DC power into AC power and providing the vehicles with AC drive motors for receiving the AC power, and further providing the AC inverters with at least a frequency that is compatible with a conventional electricity transmission grid. 22. A method as claimed in claim 20, which includes providing the docking stations at a single location, connecting the docking stations to a common aggregation unit, connecting the aggregation unit to local, electricity consuming devices for local consumption of electricity, and connecting the aggregation unit through a net metering device to an electricity supply and transmission grid, whereby, for any given time period, the net amount of electricity taken from the grid or supplied to the grid is measured. 23. A method as claimed in claim 15, which includes providing communications between the energy service provider and one or more of a dock provider that manages the docking stations, a fuel supplier, a fuel transmission and distribution company, an electricity utility for managing supply of electricity to an electricity consumer, at least one electricity consumer, and an electricity
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