초록 ▼

A cooling system and method of fabrication are provided for cooling a heat-generating electronic element within a portable computer. The cooling system includes a cold plate assembly coupled to a heat-generating electronic element, and a heat exchange assembly disposed within the cover of the portab

A cooling system and method of fabrication are provided for cooling a heat-generating electronic element within a portable computer. The cooling system includes a cold plate assembly coupled to a heat-generating electronic element, and a heat exchange assembly disposed within the cover of the portable computer. The heat exchange assembly includes a hollow channel for carrying coolant, as well as a thermally conductive plate and air-cooled fins. The hollow channel is coupled to one main surface of the plate, while the air-cooled fins are coupled to an opposite main surface of the plate. A conduit carries coolant between the cold plate assembly and the hollow channel of the heat exchange assembly, and a circulation pump circulates coolant through the conduit between the cold plate assembly and the heat exchange assembly in a manner to remove heat from the heat-generating electronic component.

대표청구항 ▼

A cooling system and method of fabrication are provided for cooling a heat-generating electronic element within a portable computer. The cooling system includes a cold plate assembly coupled to a heat-generating electronic element, and a heat exchange assembly disposed within the cover of the portab

A cooling system and method of fabrication are provided for cooling a heat-generating electronic element within a portable computer. The cooling system includes a cold plate assembly coupled to a heat-generating electronic element, and a heat exchange assembly disposed within the cover of the portable computer. The heat exchange assembly includes a hollow channel for carrying coolant, as well as a thermally conductive plate and air-cooled fins. The hollow channel is coupled to one main surface of the plate, while the air-cooled fins are coupled to an opposite main surface of the plate. A conduit carries coolant between the cold plate assembly and the hollow channel of the heat exchange assembly, and a circulation pump circulates coolant through the conduit between the cold plate assembly and the heat exchange assembly in a manner to remove heat from the heat-generating electronic component. definitions, Y, R10and R23together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, may represent a saturated or unsaturated 5- or 6-membered nitrogen, sulfur and/or oxygen containing heterocyclic ring optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from the group consisting of an alkyl, a hydroxy, an alkoxy, a benzyl, a group of the formula --CH2Se(C6H5), and an alkyl substituted by one or more hydroxy groups, wherein compound (a) is not compound (b). 2. A method for increasing graft survival time in a transplantation subject having a graft comprising: administering to said subject: a compound (a) that is a compound possessing an inhibitory activity on the production of nitric oxide and a compound (b) that is a tricyclic macrolide that is tacrolimus or a salt, solvate or hydrate thereof, in an amount and for a time and under conditions effective to increase graft survival time, wherein compound (a) is not compound (b) and wherein tacrolimus has the following structure: 3. The method of claim 1, wherein compound (a) inhibits the production of inducible nitric oxide synthase. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein compound (a) inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein compound (a) has chemical formula (I): wherein R1is: indolyl which may have a substituent selected from the group consisting of: lower alkyl, phenyl, halogen, lower alkoxy, and nitro, benzofuranyl, phenyl which may have one or two substituent(s) selected from the group consisting of amino, acylamino, lower alkylamino, halogen, lower alkoxy and nitro, lower alkyl, quinoxalinyl, quinolyl, pyrrolyl, pyrimidinyl having benzofuranyl, benzimidazolyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, indolinyl, anilino, phenylcarbamoyl or imidazolyl which may have one or two substituent(s) selected from the group consisting of phenyl, lower alkyl and indolyl; R2is hydrogen or phenyl(lower)alkyl; R4is: hydrogen, phenyl or pyridyl, each of which may have a substituent(s) selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, halogen, trihalomethyl, nitro, cyano, imidazolyl, optionally protected hydroxy, acyl, amino, acylamino, diacylamino, di(lower)alkylamino, amino(lower)alkyl, acylamino(lower)alkyl, pyrazolyl, morpholinyl, piperidyl, triazolyl, lower alkoxy(lower)alkoxy, hydroxy(lower)alkyl, lower alkylpiperazinyl, phenyl and carboxy, quinolyl or 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl; R5is hydrogen, imidazolyl, phenyl, nitrophenyl, phenyl(lower)alkyl, optionally esterified carboxy or a group of the formula: in which R7and R8are the same or different and each is hydrogen, phenyl, phenyl(lower)alkyl, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy; or R4and R5in combination form a group of the formula: --CH=CH--CH=CH-- Y is a group of the formula: in which R3is hydrogen or a group of the formula: --(CH2)n--R6 in which R6is optionally protected hydroxy, acyl, carboxy, acylamino, lower alkoxy, phenyl(lower)alkoxy, lower alkylthio, phenyl which may have a substituent selected from the group consisting of lower alkoxy, halogen, amino, acylamino, diacylamino, and nitro, pyridyl which may have a substituent selected from the group consisting of lower alkoxy and halogen, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, furyl, imidazolyl, naphthyl, N-(lower)alkylindolyl or 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl, and n is an integer of 0 to 3, or a group of the formula: in which R11is phenyl, phenoxy or phenyl(lower)alkoxy; or R2and R3in combination form a group of the formula: m is 0 or 1; and X is S or NR9 in which R9is hydrogen, lower alkyl, cyclo(lower)alkyl or a group of the formula: in which R10is hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein compound (a) has chemical formula (II): wherein R21is benzofuranyl having halogen, R22is lower alkyl, and R23is morpholinyl. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein said graft is an allograft. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein said graft is a cardiac graft. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein said subject is suffering from acute rejection. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein compound (a) and compound (b) are simultaneously, separately or sequentially administered. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein compound (a) and compound (b) are separately administered. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein compound (a) and compound (b) are simultaneously administered.