초록 ▼

A temperature controlled apparatus comprises a reversible solid state device having a first section and a second section; portions of the first and the second sections are disposed in intimate contact. The first section is disposed adjacent to a portion of an external wall surface of a compartment a

A temperature controlled apparatus comprises a reversible solid state device having a first section and a second section; portions of the first and the second sections are disposed in intimate contact. The first section is disposed adjacent to a portion of an external wall surface of a compartment and the second section is disposed adjacent to a portion of an internal wall surface of the compartment. A compartment fan is disposed within the compartment. The reversible solid state device and the compartment fan are coupled to a controller. The controller is configured to modify a compartment air temperature inside the compartment by controlling the reversible solid state device and the compartment fan to flow a compartment air across the second section. The controller is configured to control the reversible solid state device and the compartment fan in at least one temperature operational mode.

대표청구항 ▼

A temperature controlled apparatus comprises a reversible solid state device having a first section and a second section; portions of the first and the second sections are disposed in intimate contact. The first section is disposed adjacent to a portion of an external wall surface of a compartment a

A temperature controlled apparatus comprises a reversible solid state device having a first section and a second section; portions of the first and the second sections are disposed in intimate contact. The first section is disposed adjacent to a portion of an external wall surface of a compartment and the second section is disposed adjacent to a portion of an internal wall surface of the compartment. A compartment fan is disposed within the compartment. The reversible solid state device and the compartment fan are coupled to a controller. The controller is configured to modify a compartment air temperature inside the compartment by controlling the reversible solid state device and the compartment fan to flow a compartment air across the second section. The controller is configured to control the reversible solid state device and the compartment fan in at least one temperature operational mode. work adapter for exchanging with a computer network information in the form of packets each including a packet header and packet data, the network adapter comprising: a packet parser configured to parse an information packet into a packet header and packet data and to direct the packet header to a first memory address for protocol processing and to direct packet data to a second memory address for data processing; an adapter header memory, wherein the first memory address corresponds to a location in the adapter header memory; and an adapter processor operable to interrogate packet header information stored in the adapter header memory in accordance with one or more network protocol handling operations, wherein the adapter processor is operable to program the packet parser with the first and second memory addresses for each network connection. 2. The network adapter of claim 1, wherein the packet parser is configured to parse the packet header into two or more header components and to direct each header component to a respective memory address. 3. The network adapter of claim 1, wherein the network adapter is incorporated into a data processing system having a host memory and a host processor. 4. The network adapter of claim 3, wherein the second memory address corresponds to a location in the host memory. 5. The network adapter of claim 4, wherein the host processor is operable to interrogate packet data stored in the host memory in accordance with one or more data processing operations. 6. The network adapter of claim 1, further comprising an adapter data memory, wherein the second memory address corresponds to a location in the adapter data memory. 7. The network adapter of claim 6, further comprising an adapter data processor operable to interrogate packet data stored in the adapter data memory in accordance with one or more data processing operations. 8. A network adapter for exchanging with a computer network information in the form of packets each including a packet header and packet data, the network adapter comprising: a packet parser configured to parse an information packet into a packet header and packet data and to direct the packet header to a first memory address for protocol processing and to direct packet data to a second memory address for data processing, wherein the packet parser is configured to parse the packet header into two or more header components and to direct each header component to a respective memory address; and two or more adapter processors each operable to process a respective one or more stored header components substantially in parallel. 9. A network adapter for exchanging with a computer network information in the form of packets each including a packet header and packet data, the network adapter comprising: a packet parser configured to parse an information packet into a packet header and packet data and to direct the packet header to a first memory address for protocol processing and to direct packet data to a second memory address for data processing; an adapter data memory, wherein the second memory address corresponds to a location in the adapter data memory; and an adapter data processor operable to interrogate packet data stored in the adapter data memory in accordance with one or more data processing operations, wherein the adapter data processor is operable to perform encryption/decryption operations on packet data stored in the adapter data memory. e host computer to designate a protocol corresponding to the apparatus maker identified by the apparatus maker identification information; and a card maker identification information transfer section receiving card maker identification information identifying an IC card manufacturer itself and contained in an answer-to-reset signal from a given IC card, and transferring the received card maker identification information from the given IC card to the host computer to cause the host computer to designate a protocol that is adapted to a direct communication between the given IC card and the host computer via said IC card reading/writing apparatus, and corresponding to the IC card manufacturer identified by the transferred card maker identification information. 2. The IC card reading/writing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said IC card reading/writing control section receives from the host computer, control information used to control the reading and/or writing of data from and/or into the IC card. 3. The IC card reading/writing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said IC card reading/writing control section further comprises: an application section used to control the reading and/or writing of data from and/or into the IC card. 1. A vehicle attitude angle estimator for use in a vehicle, said angle estimator comprising: a first accelerometer for sensing vertical acceleration of the vehicle and producing an output signal indicative thereof; a second accelerometer for sensing a horizontal acceleration of the vehicle and producing an output signal indicative thereof; and a controller for determining an acceleration-based attitude angle as a function of the sensed vertical acceleration and horizontal acceleration, wherein the acceleration-based attitude angle is determined absent a sensed angular attitude rate, said controller producing an attitude angle estimate as a function of the acceleration-based attitude angle. 2. The vehicle attitude angle estimator as defined in claim 1 further comprising an angular attitude rate sensor for sensing angular attitude rate of the vehicle and producing an output signal indicative thereof, wherein the controller produces the attitude angle estimate further as a function of the sensed attitude rate. 3. The vehicle attitude angle estimator as defined in claim 2, wherein the controller further provides a blending coefficient and generates the vehicle attitude angle estimate further as a function of the blending coefficient. 4. The vehicle attitude angle as defined in claim 3, wherein the blending coefficient has a value in the range of 0 to 1. 5. A vehicle attitude angle estimator for use in a vehicle, said angle estimator comprising: an angular attitude rate sensor for sensing angular attitude rate of a vehicle and producing an output signal indicative thereof; a first accelerometer for sensing vertical acceleration of the vehicle and producing an output signal indicative thereof; a second accelerometer for sensing a horizontal acceleration of the vehicle and producing an output signal indicative thereof; and a controller for producing an attitude angle estimate as a function of said sensed attitude rate, said sensed vertical acceleration, and said sensed horizontal acceleration, wherein said controller determines an acceleration-based attitude angle as a function of the sensed vertical acceleration and horizontal acceleration, said controller further providing a blending coefficient and generating a current vehicle attitude angle estimate as a function of the updated attitude angle estimate, said acceleration-based attitude angle, and said blending coefficient. 6. The vehicle attitude angle estimator as defined in claim 5, wherein said angular attitude rate sensor comprises an angular roll rate sensor for sensing angular roll rate, and said second accelerometer comprises a lateral accelerometer for sensing lateral acceleration. 7. The vehicle attitude angle estimator as defined in claim 6, wherein said controller produces a roll angle estimate and updates the roll angle estimate as a function of the sensed angular roll rate, said controller determining an acceleration-based roll angle as a function of the sensed lateral and vertical accelerations, said controller further providing a roll blending coefficient and generating a current vehicle roll angle estimate by further updating the roll angle estimate as a function of the acceleration-based roll angle and the roll blending coefficient. 8. The vehicle angle estimator as defined in claim 5, wherein said controller generates the vehicle attitude angle estimate by multiplying a blending coefficient by the difference between the acceleration-based angle estimate and the updated attitude angle estimate, said controller further adding the multiplication to the updated attitude angle estimate. 9. The vehicle angle estimator as defined in claim 5, wherein said second accelerometer comprises a lateral accelerometer for sensing lateral acceleration. 10. A vehicle attitude angle estimator for use in a vehicle, said vehicle angle estimator comprising: an angular attitude rate sensor for sensing angular attitude rate of a vehicle and producing an output signal in dicative thereof; a vertical accelerometer for sensing vertical acceleration of the vehicle and producing an output signal indicative thereof; a lateral accelerometer for sensing lateral acceleration of the vehicle and producing an output signal indicative thereof; and a controller for producing an attitude angle estimate and updating the attitude angle estimate as a function of said sensed angular attitude rate, said controller determining an acceleration-based attitude angle as a function of said sensed lateral and vertical accelerations, said controller further providing a blending coefficient and generating a current vehicle attitude angle estimate as a function of said updated attitude angle estimate, said acceleration-based attitude angle, and the blending coefficient. 11. The vehicle angle estimator as defined in claim 10, wherein said controller generates the vehicle attitude angle estimate by multiplying a blending coefficient by the difference between the acceleration-based angle estimate and the updated attitude angle estimate, said controller further adding the multiplication to the updated attitude angle estimate. 12. A method for estimating an attitude angle of a vehicle, said method comprising the steps of: sensing vertical acceleration of the vehicle and producing an output signal indicative thereof; sensing horizontal acceleration of the vehicle and producing an output signal indicative thereof; determining an acceleration-based attitude angle as a function of said sensed vertical and horizontal accelerations, wherein the acceleration-based attitude angle is determined absent a sensed angular attitude rate; and generating a vehicle attitude angle estimate as a function of the acceleration-based attitude angle. 13. The method as defined in claim 12 further comprising the step of sensing angular attitude rate of a vehicle and producing an output signal indicative thereof, and wherein the step of generating a vehicle attitude angle estimate comprises generating the vehicle attitude angle estimate further as a function of the sensed angular attitude rate. 14. The method as defined in claim 13 further comprising the step of providing a blending coefficient, wherein the step of generating the vehicle attitude angle estimate comprises the vehicle attitude angle estimate further as a function of the blending coefficient. 15. The method as defined in claim 14, wherein the blending coefficient has a value in the range of 0 to 1. 16. A method for estimating an attitude angle of a vehicle, said method comprising the steps of: sensing angular attitude rate of a vehicle and producing an output signal indicative thereof; sensing vertical acceleration of the vehicle and producing an output signal indicative thereof; sensing horizontal acceleration of the vehicle and producing an output signal indicative thereof; generating a vehicle attitude angle estimate as a function of the sensed angular attitude rate, vertical acceleration, and horizontal acceleration; updating said attitude angle estimate as a function of said sensed angular attitude rate; determining an acceleration-based attitude angle as a function of said sensed vertical and horizontal accelerations; providing a blending coefficient; and generating the current vehicle attitude angle estimate as a function of said updated attitude angle estimate, said acceleration-based attitude angle and said blending coefficient. 17. The method as defined in claim 16, wherein said step of updating said attitude angle estimate includes a step of integrating said sensed angular attitude rate over a time period and adding said integration with said attitude angle estimate. 18. The method as defined in claim 16, wherein said step of generating said vehicle attitude angle estimate further comprises multiplying said blending coefficient by the difference between said acceleration-based angle estimate and said updated attitude angle estimate, and further adding sa id multiplication to said updated angle estimate. 19. The method as defined in claim 16, wherein said step of sensing horizontal acceleration comprises sensing lateral acceleration of the vehicle and said step of generating a current vehicle attitude angle estimate comprises generating a current vehicle roll angle estimate. 20. The method as defined in claim 16, wherein said attitude angle comprises a roll angle, and said sensed attitude rate comprises an angular roll rate, and said sensed horizontal acceleration comprises a lateral acceleration. 21. A method for estimating an attitude angle of a vehicle, said method comprising the steps of: sensing angular attitude rate of a vehicle and producing an output signal indicative thereof; providing a blending coefficient; sensing vertical acceleration of the vehicle and producing an output signal indicative thereof; sensing horizontal acceleration of the vehicle and producing an output signal indicative thereof; and generating a vehicle attitude angle estimate as a function of the sensed angular attitude rate, vertical acceleration, horizontal acceleration, and said blending coefficient, wherein said blending coefficient has a value in the range of 0 to 1.