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A composite modular energy absorbing assembly with one or more gamma structures 100 that are interposed with one or more delta structures 200. The gamma structures have a base 12' and a plurality of recesses 16' defined therewithin. The recesses 16' have at least one wall 20' extending from the asso

A composite modular energy absorbing assembly with one or more gamma structures 100 that are interposed with one or more delta structures 200. The gamma structures have a base 12' and a plurality of recesses 16' defined therewithin. The recesses 16' have at least one wall 20' extending from the associated base 12'. At least some of the recesses 16' are oriented such that their walls are substantially parallel to a major incident component of an impacting force. The walls 20' collapse. The delta structures 200 have a lattice 210 of interconnected strands which intersect to define a plurality of cells 220. The plane of at least some of these cells are substantially parallel to the impacting force. The lattice collapses during energy absorption. The composite assembly serves to decelerate an object that impacts thereupon in order to maximize energy absorption over a given distance. In alternate embodiments, stacking arrangements include: gamma structures alone; or delta structures alone.

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1. A composite modular energy absorbing assembly comprising: a pair of gamma structures, at least one of the pair having: a base; and a plurality of recesses defined within the base, at least some of the plurality of recesses having a floor; and at least one wall extending between the base

1. A composite modular energy absorbing assembly comprising: a pair of gamma structures, at least one of the pair having: a base; and a plurality of recesses defined within the base, at least some of the plurality of recesses having a floor; and at least one wall extending between the base and the floor, wherein at least some of the plurality of recesses are oriented such that their walls are inclined at an angle alpha to the major incident component of the impacting force, where alpha lies between 0 and 45 degrees, so that energy absorption is provided primarily by at least partial collapse of the at least one wall primarily in a non-pneumatic manner. 2. The composite modular energy absorbing assembly of claim 1, wherein at least some of the floors define an aperture therein. 3. The composite energy absorbing assembly of claim 1, wherein at least some of the recesses have a shape selected from the group consisting of as a cup, a cone, a frusto-conical body, a polyhedron, a tetrahedron, a prism, a parallelepiped, a truncated cone, a section of an ellipsoid, a section of an hyperboloid, and mixtures of such shapes. 4. The composite modular energy absorbing assembly of claim 1, wherein the one or more gamma structures are stacked such that the bases of adjacent gamma structures are in juxtaposition with each other. 5. The composite modular energy absorbing assembly of claim 1, wherein the one or more gamma structures are stacked such that the floors of adjacent gamma structures are in juxtaposition with each other. 6. The composite modular energy absorbing assembly of claim 1, wherein the one or more gamma structures are stacked such that the topside of a floor of a gamma structure is in juxtaposition with a topside of a floor of an adjacent, inverted gamma structure. 7. A composite modular energy absorbing assembly comprising: a pair of gamma structures, at least one of the pair having: a base; and a plurality of recesses defined within the base, at least some of the plurality of recesses having at least one wall extending from the base, wherein at least some of the plurality of recesses are oriented such that their walls are inclined at an angle alpha to the major incident component of the impacting force, where alpha lies between 0 and 45 degrees, so that energy absorption is provided primarily by at least partial collapse of the at least one wall primarily in a non-pneumatic manner. 8. The composite modular energy absorbing assembly of claim 7, wherein at least some of the recesses are at least partially filled with a fluid. 9. The composite modular energy absorbing assembly of claim 7, wherein at least some of the recesses are at least partially filled with pellets. 10. The modular composite energy absorbing assembly of claim 8, wherein the fluid comprises a filler material disposed at least partially within the energy absorbing module, the filler material being selected from the group consisting of a pelletized material, a granular material, a foam, a gas, and mixtures thereof. 11. A composite modular energy absorbing assembly comprising: a plurality of energy absorbing structures in which at least portions of adjacent structures are in operative engagement, each energy absorbing structure comprising a gamma structure, at least some of the structures having: a base; and a plurality of recesses extending from the base, at least some of the plurality of recesses having a wall extending from the base, wherein at least some of the plurality of recesses are oriented such that their walls are inclined at an angle alpha to a major incident component of an impacting force, where alpha lies between 0 and 45 degrees, so that energy absorption is provided primarily by at least partial collapse of the at least one wall primarily in a non-pneumatic manner.