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An improved downhole tool apparatus for limiting the extrusion of a packer element. The apparatus includes a packer mandrel having a packer element assembly disposed in a wellbore. Packer retaining shoes are disposed about the packer mandrel at the ends of the packer element assembly. The packer ret

An improved downhole tool apparatus for limiting the extrusion of a packer element. The apparatus includes a packer mandrel having a packer element assembly disposed in a wellbore. Packer retaining shoes are disposed about the packer mandrel at the ends of the packer element assembly. The packer retaining shoes have an inner retainer and an outer retainer. The inner retainer has a plurality of segments having gaps therebetween that expand in width when the retaining shoe is moved from an initial position in which it is disposed about the packer mandrel to an expanded position wherein it engages the wellbore to limit the extrusion of the packer element assembly. The outer retainer is likewise made up of a plurality of segments having gaps therebetween that will expand. The outer retainer engages the wellbore to limit the extrusion of the packer element assembly. The inner retainer segments cover the gaps that exist between the outer retainer segments and the outer retainer segments cover the gaps that exist between the inner retainer segments so that extrusion is limited. The packer retaining shoes also include a wedge disposed about the packer mandrel at the upper and lower ends of the packer element assembly. The retaining shoes provide enhanced high temperature and higher pressure performance in that extrusion in wells having high temperature and high pressure is severely limited if not completely prevented.

대표청구항 ▼

An improved downhole tool apparatus for limiting the extrusion of a packer element. The apparatus includes a packer mandrel having a packer element assembly disposed in a wellbore. Packer retaining shoes are disposed about the packer mandrel at the ends of the packer element assembly. The packer ret

An improved downhole tool apparatus for limiting the extrusion of a packer element. The apparatus includes a packer mandrel having a packer element assembly disposed in a wellbore. Packer retaining shoes are disposed about the packer mandrel at the ends of the packer element assembly. The packer retaining shoes have an inner retainer and an outer retainer. The inner retainer has a plurality of segments having gaps therebetween that expand in width when the retaining shoe is moved from an initial position in which it is disposed about the packer mandrel to an expanded position wherein it engages the wellbore to limit the extrusion of the packer element assembly. The outer retainer is likewise made up of a plurality of segments having gaps therebetween that will expand. The outer retainer engages the wellbore to limit the extrusion of the packer element assembly. The inner retainer segments cover the gaps that exist between the outer retainer segments and the outer retainer segments cover the gaps that exist between the inner retainer segments so that extrusion is limited. The packer retaining shoes also include a wedge disposed about the packer mandrel at the upper and lower ends of the packer element assembly. The retaining shoes provide enhanced high temperature and higher pressure performance in that extrusion in wells having high temperature and high pressure is severely limited if not completely prevented. e and then exchanging heat therebetween in said high pressure economizer heat exchanger, said first high passage returning to said compressor through said high pressure economizer port and said second high passage flowing to a low pressure economizer heat exchanger; said low pressure economizer heat exchanger, said refrigerant from said second high passage being split into a first low passage provided with a low pressure expansion device and a second low passage and then exchanging heat therebetween in said low pressure economizer heat exchanger, said first low passage returning to said compressor through said low pressure economizer port and said second low passage flowing to an expansion device; said expansion device for reducing said refrigerant to a low pressure; an evaporator for evaporating said refrigerant, and said refrigerant from said evaporator enters said compressor through said suction port; a first valve to control a flow of said refrigerant between said high pressure economizer port and said low pressure economizer port of said compressor; and a second valve to control a flow of said refrigerant between said low pressure economizer port and said suction port of said compressor. 2. A refrigeration system comprising: a compressor for compressing a refrigerant to a high pressure, wherein said compressor is a screw compressor including a male rotor, a first female rotor, and a second female rotor, each of said rotors having a plurality of threads, said plurality of threads of said male rotor said plurality of threads of said first female rotor engaging to create a plurality of high pressure compression chambers, and said plurality of threads of said male rotor and said plurality of threads of said second female rotor engaging to create a plurality of low pressure compression chambers; a condenser for cooling said refrigerant; a high pressure economizer heat exchanger, said refrigerant being split into a first high passage provided with a high pressure expansion device and a second high passage and then exchanging heat therebetween in said high pressure economizer heat exchanger, said first high passage returning to said compressor and said second high passage flowing to a low pressure economizer heat exchanger and said refrigerant from said first high passage of said high pressure economizer flows into said high pressure compression chambers of said compressor; said low pressure economizer heat exchanger, said refrigerant from said second high passage being split into a first low passage provided with a low pressure expansion device and a second low passage and then exchanging heat therebetween in said low pressure economizer heat exchanger, said first low passage returning to said compressor and said second low passage flowing to an expansion device, and said refrigerant from said first low passage low pressure economizer flows into said low pressure compression chambers of said compressor; said expansion device for reducing said refrigerant to a low pressure; and an evaporator for evaporating said refrigerant. 3. The system as recited in claim 2 wherein said refrigerant from said evaporator enters said screw compressor through a high pressure suction port and a low pressure suction port for compression of said refrigerant in said high pressure and said low pressure precession chambers, respectively, and said refrigerant from said low pressure and said high pressure economizer heat exchangers enters said low pressure and said high pressure compression chambers, respectively, through a low pressure and a high pressure economizer port, respectively, and said refrigerant in said high pressure and said low pressure compression chambers exits said compressor through a high pressure and a low pressure discharge port, respectively. 4. A refrigeration system comprising: a compressor for compressing a refrigerant to a high pressure, and said compressor is a scroll compressor including a non-orbiting scro ll member including a base and a generally spiral wrap extending from said base and an orbiting scroll member including a base and a generally spiral wrap extending from said base, said generally spiral wrap of said non-orbiting and orbiting scroll members interfitting to define at least one compression chamber, one of said scroll members having at least one high pressure economizer port and at least one low pressure economizer; a condenser for cooling said refrigerant, a high pressure economizer heat exchanger, said refrigerant being split into a first high passage provided with a high pressure expansion device and a second high passage and then exchanging heat therebetween in said high pressure economizer heat exchanger, said first high passage returning to said compressor and said second high passage flowing to a low pressure economizer heat exchanger; and said refrigerant from said first high path of said high pressure economizer heat exchanger flows into said high pressure compression chambers through said at least one high pressure economizer port; said low pressure economizer heat exchanger, said refrigerant from said second high passage being spilt into a first low passage provided with a low pressure expansion device and a second low passage, and then exchanging heat therebetween in said low pressure economizer heat exchanger, said first low passage returning to said compressor and said second low passage flowing to an expansion device, and wherein said refrigerant from said first low path of said low pressure economizer heat exchanger flows into said at least one low pressure compression chamber through said at least one low pressure economizer port; said expansion device for reducing said refrigerant to a low pressure; and an evaporator for evaporating said refrigerant. 5. The system as recited in claim 9 wherein communication of said refrigerant between said high pressure economizer heat exchanger and said low pressure economizer heat exchanger is prevented at said at least one high pressure economizer port and said at least one low pressure economizer port. 6. The system as recited in claim 9 wherein said refrigerant is injected through said at least one high pressure economizer port and said at least one low pressure economizer port into at least one high pressure compression chamber and at least one low pressure compression chamber, respectively. 7. The system as recited in claim 9 wherein said refrigerant flows through said at least one low pressure economizer port and said at least one high pressure economizer port when a suction port of said compressor is closed, and said refrigerant from said evaporator enters said compressor through said suction port of said compressor. 8. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein said injection at least one high pressure economizer port and said at least on one low pressure economizer port are closed when a discharge port of said compressor is opened, and said refrigerant traveling to said condenser exits said compressor through said discharge port of said compressor. 9. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein said first valve and said second valve are opened to bypass said refrigerant from said high pressure economizer port and said low pressure economizer port into said suction port. 10. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein said first valve is opened and said second valve is closed to bypass said refrigerant from said high pressure economizer port into said low pressure economizer port. 11. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein said first valve is closed and said second valve is opened to bypass said refrigerant from said low pressure economizer port into said suction port. 12. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein at least one of said high pressure expansion device and said low pressure expansion device is closed. 13. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein said first valve and said second valve are solenoid valves. 14. A method of operating a refriger