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Provided is an improved system and method for implementing a constellation of satellites in inclined elliptical orbits. The satellites are operated during the portion of their orbits near apogee to emulate the characteristics of geostationary satellites. The orbits are configured to form a number of

Provided is an improved system and method for implementing a constellation of satellites in inclined elliptical orbits. The satellites are operated during the portion of their orbits near apogee to emulate the characteristics of geostationary satellites. The orbits are configured to form a number of closely spaced repeating ground tracks around the earth. In each ground track the satellites operate only in arcs well above or below the equator to provide a large number of non-geostationary orbital slots that substantially increase global satellite capacity without interfering with the existing geostationary satellite ring. Minimum spacing is maintained between satellites in each active arc and between satellites in the active arcs of adjacent ground tracks to ensure that the satellites in the non-geostationary constellation do not interfere with each other.

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Provided is an improved system and method for implementing a constellation of satellites in inclined elliptical orbits. The satellites are operated during the portion of their orbits near apogee to emulate the characteristics of geostationary satellites. The orbits are configured to form a number of

Provided is an improved system and method for implementing a constellation of satellites in inclined elliptical orbits. The satellites are operated during the portion of their orbits near apogee to emulate the characteristics of geostationary satellites. The orbits are configured to form a number of closely spaced repeating ground tracks around the earth. In each ground track the satellites operate only in arcs well above or below the equator to provide a large number of non-geostationary orbital slots that substantially increase global satellite capacity without interfering with the existing geostationary satellite ring. Minimum spacing is maintained between satellites in each active arc and between satellites in the active arcs of adjacent ground tracks to ensure that the satellites in the non-geostationary constellation do not interfere with each other. r-receiver optical communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the magnification of said second afocal optical system is equal to, or less than, half of the magnification of said first afocal optical system. 3. The integral transmitter-receiver optical communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said deflection mirror comprises a single deflection mirror which can be driven about two axes which are orthogonal to each other. 4. The integral transmitter-receiver optical communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said deflection mirror comprises two deflection mirrors which are driven about two orthogonal axes, respectively. 5. The integral transmitter-receiver optical communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the magnification of said second afocal optical system is less than the magnification of said first afocal optical system. 6. The integral transmitter-receiver optical communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said beam splitting device comprises a polarization beam splitting plane and a beam splitting plane. stream of data representing a video item and/or a graphics item, the selection depending on the user input; reading the stream from the record carrier and generating a pixel based representation from the item in the stream; and in which: the second program portion includes secondary data relating to at least one additional visual property of the graphics object, and the visual feedback is a representation of the graphics object depending on the primary and the secondary data. 12. The method of claim 11, in which the graphics object includes two or more parts having mutually different color codes, and the secondary data relates to at least one color value which is to be assigned to a color code. 13. The method of claim 12, in which the color code is represented by at least 6 bits. 14. The method of claim 11, in which a data structure including shape data representing shape properties of the graphics object is read from a location at the record carrier which is referred to by the primary data before the step of requesting user input. 15. The method of claim 14, in which the datastructure includes further data, and the secondary data is