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A low-cost haptic feedback trackball device for providing haptic feedback to a user for enhancing interactions in a graphical environment provided by a computer. The trackball device includes a sensor device that detects the movement of a sphere in two rotary degrees of freedom. An actuator applies

A low-cost haptic feedback trackball device for providing haptic feedback to a user for enhancing interactions in a graphical environment provided by a computer. The trackball device includes a sensor device that detects the movement of a sphere in two rotary degrees of freedom. An actuator applies a force preferably along a z-axis perpendicular to the plane of the surface supporting the device, where the force is transmitted through the housing to the user. The output force is correlated with interaction of a controlled graphical object, such as a cursor, with other graphical objects in the displayed graphical environment. Preferably, at least one compliant element is provided between a portion of the housing contacted by the user and the support surface, where the compliant element amplifies the force output from the actuator by allowing the contacted portion of the housing to move with respect to the support surface. The force can be an inertial force, contact force, or a combination of forces that provide tactile sensations to the user.

대표청구항 ▼

A low-cost haptic feedback trackball device for providing haptic feedback to a user for enhancing interactions in a graphical environment provided by a computer. The trackball device includes a sensor device that detects the movement of a sphere in two rotary degrees of freedom. An actuator applies

A low-cost haptic feedback trackball device for providing haptic feedback to a user for enhancing interactions in a graphical environment provided by a computer. The trackball device includes a sensor device that detects the movement of a sphere in two rotary degrees of freedom. An actuator applies a force preferably along a z-axis perpendicular to the plane of the surface supporting the device, where the force is transmitted through the housing to the user. The output force is correlated with interaction of a controlled graphical object, such as a cursor, with other graphical objects in the displayed graphical environment. Preferably, at least one compliant element is provided between a portion of the housing contacted by the user and the support surface, where the compliant element amplifies the force output from the actuator by allowing the contacted portion of the housing to move with respect to the support surface. The force can be an inertial force, contact force, or a combination of forces that provide tactile sensations to the user. n which an applied voltage varies with time in a positive direction and a pulse of opposite polarity to the first pulse, so as to induce a first discharge in the discharge cells of respective display lines defined by said first and second electrodes; and thereafter applying a second pulse, in which an applied voltage varies with time in a negative direction so as to induce a second discharge, as an erase discharge, in the discharge cells of the respective display lines defined by said first and second electrodes. 2. A method for driving a plasma display panel according to claim 1, wherein said first pulse is applied to said second electrodes and said pulse of opposite polarity to the first pulse is applied to said first electrodes, and then said second pulse is applied to said second electrodes and a pulse of opposite polarity to the second pulse is applied to said first electrodes. 3. A method for driving a plasma display panel according to claim 2, wherein, when a period exceeding at least 1 μs has elapsed since the end of said sustain discharge period, said pulses for inducing said first discharge is applied. 4. A method for driving a plasma display panel according to claim 2, wherein, for said first discharge, before said first pulse is applied to said second electrodes, said pulse of opposite polarity to the first pulse is applied to said first electrodes. 5. A method for driving a plasma display panel according to claim 1, wherein each of said first and second pulses is a slope pulse whose voltage variation per unit time changes in magnitude. 6. A method for driving a plasma display panel according to claim 1, wherein each of said first and second pulses is a triangular wave whose voltage variation per unit time is constant in magnitude. 7. A method for driving a plasma display panel in which pluralities of first electrodes and second electrodes are in parallel to each other, a plurality of third electrodes cross the first and second electrodes at crossing areas and define corresponding discharge cells; wherein a first field, during which a discharge is induced in lines defined by said second electrodes and said first electrodes adjoining first sides of said second electrodes for display purposes, and a second field, during which a discharge is induced in lines defined by said second electrodes and said first electrodes adjoining second opposite sides of the second electrodes for display purposes, are temporally separated from each other; each of said first and second fields includes a reset period during which each of the discharge cells is initialized, an addressing period during which wall charges are provided in the discharge cells according to display data, and a sustain discharge period during which sustain discharge is induced in the discharge cells in which wall charges are provided during said addressing period; wherein during said addressing period within said first field, a pulse of a first polarity is applied to said first electrodes adjoining first sides of said second electrodes, a pulse of a second polarity is applied to said first electrodes adjoining second opposite sides of said second electrodes, and then a scanning pulse of the second polarity is applied successively to said second electrodes; and during said addressing period within said second field, a pulse of the first polarity is applied to said first electrodes adjoining second opposite sides of said second electrodes, a pulse of the second polarity is applied to said first electrodes adjoining first sides of said second electrodes, and then a scanning pulse of the second polarity is applied successively to said second electrodes. 8. A method for driving a plasma display panel in which pluralities of first electrodes and second electrodes are arranged parallel to each other, a plurality of third electrodes are arranged to cross the first and second electrodes at crossing areas and define corresponding discharge cells; wherein a fi