초록 ▼

This invention relates to an apparatus for improving combustion efficiency in internal combustion systems, comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet at its ends for receiving and discharging, respectively, the fuel to be treated; an elongated metal bar concentrically located within said casi

This invention relates to an apparatus for improving combustion efficiency in internal combustion systems, comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet at its ends for receiving and discharging, respectively, the fuel to be treated; an elongated metal bar concentrically located within said casing between said inlet and said outlet so as to enter into direct contact with the fuel, said metal bar being made of an alloy comprising, by weight, 30-60% cooper, 10-30% nickel, 15-40% zinc, 5-20% tin and 1-10% silver; a sleeve concentrically located between said casing and said elongated metal bar; separation means concentrically situated between said casing and said sleeve, to isolate said casing from said sleeve; interconnecting means attached to said inlet and said outlet, to interconnect the apparatus with the fuel supply and the internal combustion system; fixing means situated inside of each end of the casing, to hold the metal bar in place; grounding means located at the outer surface of the casing, to ground the apparatus when in use, to thus protect the reaction of the fuel and the metal bar from any interference caused by magnetic fields generated by any electric supply source; and, a plastic film externally covering each end of said casing for electrically insulating said ends.

대표청구항 ▼

This invention relates to an apparatus for improving combustion efficiency in internal combustion systems, comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet at its ends for receiving and discharging, respectively, the fuel to be treated; an elongated metal bar concentrically located within said casi

This invention relates to an apparatus for improving combustion efficiency in internal combustion systems, comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet at its ends for receiving and discharging, respectively, the fuel to be treated; an elongated metal bar concentrically located within said casing between said inlet and said outlet so as to enter into direct contact with the fuel, said metal bar being made of an alloy comprising, by weight, 30-60% cooper, 10-30% nickel, 15-40% zinc, 5-20% tin and 1-10% silver; a sleeve concentrically located between said casing and said elongated metal bar; separation means concentrically situated between said casing and said sleeve, to isolate said casing from said sleeve; interconnecting means attached to said inlet and said outlet, to interconnect the apparatus with the fuel supply and the internal combustion system; fixing means situated inside of each end of the casing, to hold the metal bar in place; grounding means located at the outer surface of the casing, to ground the apparatus when in use, to thus protect the reaction of the fuel and the metal bar from any interference caused by magnetic fields generated by any electric supply source; and, a plastic film externally covering each end of said casing for electrically insulating said ends. by said toroidal plasma source are predominantly parallel to said first interior chamber surface. 2. The substrate processing chamber of claim 1 wherein said housing comprises a plurality of interior chamber surfaces including said first surface, a side surface and a top surface; said substrate support member includes an upper surface that faces said toroidal plasma source; and said electric field lines are predominantly parallel to said first, side and top surfaces of said housing and said upper surface of said substrate support member. 3. The substrate processing chamber of claim 2 wherein the toroidal plasma source includes a core having a plurality of ferrite segments and a non-magnetic spacer having a selected thickness, the non-magnetic spacer being disposed between two of the plurality of ferrite segments. 4. The substrate processing chamber of claim 2 further comprising an RF generator mounted directly on the chamber and operatively coupled to said core without tunable matching circuitry. 5. The substrate processing chamber of claim 2 further comprising: a shaped member disposed between the toroidal plasma source and the process surface of the substrate, said shaped member having a bottom surface that is contoured to affect plasma density distribution. 6. The substrate processing chamber of claim 5 wherein the shaped member has an outer perimeter portion extending beyond a substrate edge. 7. The substrate processing chamber recited in claim 2 wherein: said core laterally surrounds a center plasma conduit; and said plurality of interior chamber surfaces separates said toroidal plasma source from said center plasma conduit. 8. The substrate processing chamber recited in claim 7 further comprising a bottom plate disposed between said toroidal plasma source and said process surface of said substrate, said bottom plate comprising an open center portion that laterally surrounds the center plasma conduit. 9. The substrate processing chamber recited in claim 8 wherein the open center portion has a nonuniform cross section that decreases in thickness near the center plasma conduit. 98-335757, JP; 1999-008410, JP; 1999-040893, JP; 1999-330552, JP; 2000-31599, JP; 2002-124736, JP; WO97/002478, WO; WO97/002610, WO; WO97/017730, WO; WO97/027629, WO; WO97/039485, WO; WO97/050132, WO; WO98/005078, WO; WO98/012757, WO; WO98/034304, WO; WO98/037586, WO; WO98/042879, WO; WO98/042897, WO; WO98/047185, WO; WO98/049731, WO; WO98/057378, WO; WO99/010936, WO; WO99/010936, WO; WO99/018617, WO