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Systems and methods treat at least two vertebral bodies in a spinal column. The systems and methods make use of first and second tool assemblies operable to treat an interior region of, respectively, a first vertebral body and a second vertebral body in the spinal column. The systems and methods pro

Systems and methods treat at least two vertebral bodies in a spinal column. The systems and methods make use of first and second tool assemblies operable to treat an interior region of, respectively, a first vertebral body and a second vertebral body in the spinal column. The systems and methods provide directions for operating the first and second tool assemblies to treat the first and second vertebral bodies, at least for a portion of time, concurrently.

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1. A system for treating a bone, comprising: a device for compacting cancellous bone comprising a wall adapted to be inserted into the bone and undergo expansion in cancellous bone to compact the cancellous bone to create a cavity within the cancellous bone; a bone plugging material adapted to b

1. A system for treating a bone, comprising: a device for compacting cancellous bone comprising a wall adapted to be inserted into the bone and undergo expansion in cancellous bone to compact the cancellous bone to create a cavity within the cancellous bone; a bone plugging material adapted to be inserted into cortical bone either before or after expansion of the device; and a filling material adapted to be inserted into the cavity. 2. A system according to claim 1, wherein the bone plugging material comprises a bone matrix material. 3. A system according to claim 1, wherein the bone plugging material comprises a sheet material. 4. A system according to claim 1, wherein the bone plugging material comprises a mesh. 5. A system according to claim 1, further including a device operable to convey the filling material into the cavity. 6. A system according to claim 1, wherein expansion of the device applies force within the cancellous bone capable of moving cortical bone. 7. A system according to claim 1, further including a device operable to convey the bone plugging material into the cortical bone. 8. A system according to claim 1, further including a device operable to convey a compression-resistance material into the bone. 9. A system according to claim 1, further including a device operable to convey medication into the bone. 10. A system as in claim 1, wherein the plugging material guards against leaks. 11. A system as in claim 1, wherein the plugging material protects a weakened cortical bone wall during expansion. 12. A system as in claim 1, wherein the plugging material protects against protrusion of the wall during expansion through a pre-existing breach in a cortical bone wall. 13. A system as in claim 1, wherein the plugging material protects against protrusion of the wall during expansion through a breach in a cortical bone wall created during expansion. 14. A method for treating a bone comprising the steps of: providing a device for compacting cancellous bone comprising a wall adapted to be inserted into the bone and undergo expansion in the cancellous bone to compact the cancellous bone; compacting the cancellous bone within the bone to create a cavity within the cancellous bone; inserting a bone plugging material into cortical bone either before or after the step of compacting the cancellous bone; and conveying a filling material into the cavity. 15. A system for treating bone, comprising: a device to compact cancellous bone to create a cavity within the cancellous bone; a bone plugging material adapted to be inserted into cortical bone either before or after creation of the cavity; and a filling material adapted to be inserted into the cavity.