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Method for transferring information between a vehicle and a transmitter in which a unique pseudorandom noise signal is transmitted by the transmitter in a carrier-less fashion composed of frequencies within a pre-selected band. Information is encoded in the noise signal relating to an identification

Method for transferring information between a vehicle and a transmitter in which a unique pseudorandom noise signal is transmitted by the transmitter in a carrier-less fashion composed of frequencies within a pre-selected band. Information is encoded in the noise signal relating to an identification of the transmitter and a position of the transmitter and the vehicle is provided with a device for extracting the information from the noise signal. The code to use for encoding the noise signal may be selected based on the position of the transmitter so that analysis of the code, or a portion thereof, provides an indication of the position of the transmitter. Information about accidents, weather conditions, road conditions, map data and traffic control devices and about errors in a GPS signal can also be encoded in the noise signals. The transmitter may be at a fixed location or in another vehicle to thereby enable vehicle-to-vehicle communications for the purposes of collision avoidance, intelligent highway applications and the like.

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Method for transferring information between a vehicle and a transmitter in which a unique pseudorandom noise signal is transmitted by the transmitter in a carrier-less fashion composed of frequencies within a pre-selected band. Information is encoded in the noise signal relating to an identification

Method for transferring information between a vehicle and a transmitter in which a unique pseudorandom noise signal is transmitted by the transmitter in a carrier-less fashion composed of frequencies within a pre-selected band. Information is encoded in the noise signal relating to an identification of the transmitter and a position of the transmitter and the vehicle is provided with a device for extracting the information from the noise signal. The code to use for encoding the noise signal may be selected based on the position of the transmitter so that analysis of the code, or a portion thereof, provides an indication of the position of the transmitter. Information about accidents, weather conditions, road conditions, map data and traffic control devices and about errors in a GPS signal can also be encoded in the noise signals. The transmitter may be at a fixed location or in another vehicle to thereby enable vehicle-to-vehicle communications for the purposes of collision avoidance, intelligent highway applications and the like. /N) times one-half the input range of said samplers when N is even, and sin[π/2-π/(2N)] times one-half an input range of said samplers when N is odd. 2. An apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein N equals 3 or more. 3. An apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said samplers includes an analog/digital converter. 4. An apparatus comprising: a sampler for sampling a sine wave signal; and a comparator that makes inferences concerning a possibility that an instantaneous value of a sine wave signal sampled by said sampler will exceed an input range of said sampler by comparing sampling values of said sampled sine wave signal; wherein said sampler samples said sine wave signal of a known frequency at N points per cycle; said comparator compares absolute values of said sine wave signal samples with a threshold value which is set at sin(π/2-π/N) times one-half the input range of said sampler when N is even, and sin[Tπ/2-π/(2N)] times one-half the input range of said sampler when N is odd; and in the instance the absolute value of at least one sample is at or above said threshold, this apparatus infers the possibility that an instantaneous value of said sine wave signal will exceed the input range of said sampler. 5. An apparatus in accordance with claim 4, wherein N equals 3 or more. 6. An apparatus in accordance with claim 4, wherein said samplers includes an analog/digital converter. 7. A method for sampling a sine wave signal by a sampler for obtaining sampling values and inferring, from the sampling values, a possibility that an instantaneous value of the sine wave signal will exceed an input range of said sampler, the method comprising: sampling a sine wave signal having a known frequency at N points per cycle; setting a threshold value at sin(π/2-π/N) times one-half the input range of said sampler when N is even, and sin[π/2-π/(2N)] times one-half the input range of said sampler when N is odd; and r/sbres/sbir/dod/army/armysb02-2-037.htm on Jul. 2, 2002. L. Malotky and S. Hyland, "Preventing Aircraft Bombings", The Bridge, v. 28, No. 3, pp. 1-6, Fall, 1998. "Can Big Brother see right through your clothes? Beyond E-ray Vision", Discover, pp. 24-25, Jul. 2002. Concealed Weapom Detection (Low Power Radars), AFRL/IF, pp. 1-2, downloaded from http://www.rl.af.mil/div/IFB/techtrans/datasheets/CWD-LPR. html on Aug. 13, 2002. "Millimeter Wave/Infrared Concealed Weapons Detector", JUSTNET-NLECTC Virtual Library.