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Kafe 바로가기국가/구분 | United States(US) Patent 등록 |
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 | US-0841286 (2001-04-24) |
발명자 / 주소 |
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출원인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 | 피인용 횟수 : 226 인용 특허 : 275 |
A coal formation may be treated using an in situ thermal process. A mixture of hydrocarbons, H2, and/or other formation fluids may be produced from the formation. Heat may be applied to the formation to raise a temperature of a portion of the formation to a pyrolysis temperature. The mixture may be
A coal formation may be treated using an in situ thermal process. A mixture of hydrocarbons, H2, and/or other formation fluids may be produced from the formation. Heat may be applied to the formation to raise a temperature of a portion of the formation to a pyrolysis temperature. The mixture may be produced from the formation through production wells. A spacing between production wells, and operating conditions of production wells and heat injection wells, may allow the produced mixture to have a desired ratio of condensable hydrocarbons to non-condensable hydrocarbons.
A coal formation may be treated using an in situ thermal process. A mixture of hydrocarbons, H2, and/or other formation fluids may be produced from the formation. Heat may be applied to the formation to raise a temperature of a portion of the formation to a pyrolysis temperature. The mixture may be
A coal formation may be treated using an in situ thermal process. A mixture of hydrocarbons, H2, and/or other formation fluids may be produced from the formation. Heat may be applied to the formation to raise a temperature of a portion of the formation to a pyrolysis temperature. The mixture may be produced from the formation through production wells. A spacing between production wells, and operating conditions of production wells and heat injection wells, may allow the produced mixture to have a desired ratio of condensable hydrocarbons to non-condensable hydrocarbons. main side;(b) a second main side;(c) a first folded edge which projects out of the plane of at least one of said main sides; and(d) a second folded edge, opposite said first folded edge, which projects out of the plane of the same main side as and in the same direction as said first folded edge; a second partition plate comprises: (a) a first main side;(b) a second main side;(c) a first folded edge which projects out of the plane of at least one of said main sides; and(d) a second folded edge, opposite said first folded edge, which projects out of the plane of the same main side as and in the same direction as said first folded edge, said second partition plate being joined to said first partition plate in a fluid-tight manner along said first and second folded edges of said first partition plate and spaced apart from said first partition plate by said first and said second folded edges of said first partition plate, thereby defining a flow channel layer between said first partition plate and said second partition plate; and wherein each of said folded edges is folded over onto the partition plate surface, wherein said first partition plate further comprises: (a) a third folded edge which projects out of the plane of at least one of said main sides in a direction opposite from said first folded edge; and(b) a fourth folded edge, opposite said third folded edge, which projects out of the plane of the same side as and in the same direction as said third folded edge.3. A plate heat exchanger comprising: a plurality of partition plates arranged (i) to form a plate block or a plate stack and (ii) to delimit, in alternating directions, layers of flow channels between adjacent partition plates within said plurality of partition plates; wherein a first partition plate comprises: (a) a first main side;(b) a second main side;(c) a first folded edge which projects out of the plane of at least one of said main sides; and(d) a second folded edge, opposite said first folded edge, which projects out of the plane of the same main side as and in the same direction as said first folded edge; a second partition plate comprises: (a) a first main side;(b) a second main side;(c) a first folded edge which projects out of the plane of at least one of said main sides; and(d) a second folded edge, opposite said first folded edge, which projects out of the plane of the same main side as and in the same direction as said first folded edge, said second partition plate being joined to said first partition plate in a fluid-tight manner along said first and second folded edges of said first partition plate and spaced apart from said first partition plate by said first and said second folded edges of said first partition plate, thereby defining a flow channel layer between said first partition plate and said second partition plate; and wherein each of said folded edges is folded over onto the partition plate surface, wherein said plurality of partition plates comprise quadrilateral partition plates having folded edges arranged on both sides and wherein said plurality of partition plates are interleaved such that adjacent partition plates are rotated through 90° or tilted through 180° relative to one another. 4. A plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein said folded edges comprise at least one fold on each edge.5. A plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein said folded edges comprise only a single fold on each edge.6. A plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein said folded edges comprise multiple folds on each edge, tightly stacked on one another.7. A plate heat exchanger according to claim 2, wherein said folded edges comprise multiple folds on each edge, tightly stacked on one another.8. A plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, further comprising manifolds attached to lateral sides of said plate block.9. A plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein each of said plurality of plates is identical.10 . An motor vehicle power system comprising a heat exchanger according to claim 1.11. A fuel cell system comprising a fuel cell and at least one heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger comprises a plate heat exchanger as defined by claim 1.12. A plate heat exchanger comprising: a plurality of partition plates arranged in a stack, wherein each partition plate comprises (a) a center portion;(b) a first edge region having a thickness greater than a thickness of said center portion, said greater thickness comprising a first folded over portion of said partition plate on a first side of the plate; and(c) a second edge region, opposite said first edge region, having a thickness greater than a thickness of said center portion, said greater thickness comprising a folded over portion of said partition plate on the same side of said plate as the first folded over portion; and wherein each of said folded over portions is folded over onto the partition plate surface; wherein each plate is joined to an adjacent plate along said first edge region and said second edge region thereby defining a flow channel between each plate and an adjacent plate; and wherein first, second and third successive plates within said stack are each arranged at an angle of 90° relative to a previous partition plate thereby defining a first flow channel, between the first and second plates, in a first direction and a second flow channel, between the second and third plates, in a second direction. 13. A plate heat exchanger according to claim 12, wherein each of said plurality of plates is identical.14. A plate heat exchanger according to claim 12, wherein said folded edges comprise multiple folds on each edge, tightly stacked on one another.15. A plate heat exchanger comprising: a plurality of partition plates arranged in a stack, wherein each partition plate comprises (a) a center portion;(b) a first edge region having a thickness greater than a thickness of said center portion, said greater thickness comprising a first folded over portion of said partition plate on a first side of the plate; and(c) a second edge region, opposite said first edge region, having a thickness greater than a thickness of said center portion, said greater thickness comprising a folded over portion of said partition plate on the same side of said plate as the first folded over portion; and wherein each of said folded over portions is folded over onto the partition plate surface; wherein each plate is joined to an adjacent plate along said first edge region and said second edge region thereby defining a flow channel between each plate and an adjacent plate; and wherein successive plates within said stack are arranged at an angle of 90° relative to a previous partition plate thereby defining flow channels in a first direction and a second direction, wherein each partition plate further comprises: (b) a third edge region having a thickness greater than a thickness of said center portion, said greater thickness comprising a first folded over portion of said partition plate on a second side of the plate; and(c) a fourth edge region, opposite said third edge region, having a thickness greater than a thickness of said center portion, said greater thickness comprising a folded over portion of said partition plate on the same side of said plate as the third folded over portion.16. A plate heat exchanger according to claim 15, wherein said folded edges comprise multiple folds on each edge, tightly stacked on one another.17. A plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein said plates comprise a metallic sheet material.18. A plate heat exchanger comprising: a plurality of partition plates arranged (i) to form a plate block or a plate stack and (ii) to delimit, in alternating directions, layers of flow channels between adjacent partition plates within said plurality of partition plates; wherein a first partition plate comprises: (a) a first main side;(b) a second main side;(c) a first folded edge which projects out of the plane of at least one of said main sides; and(d) a second folded edge, opposite said first folded edge, which projects out of the plane of the same main side as and in the same direction as said first folded edge; a second partition plate comprises: (a) a first main side;(b) a second main side;(c) a first folded edge which projects out of the plane of at least one of said main sides; and(d) a second folded edge, opposite said first folded edge, which projects out of the plane of the same main side as and in the same direction as said first folded edge, said second partition plate being joined to said first partition plate in a fluid-tight manner along said first and second folded edges of said first partition plate and spaced apart from said first partition plate by said first and said second folded edges of said first partition plate, thereby defining a flow channel layer between said first partition plate and said second partition plate; and wherein each of said folded edges is folded over onto the partition plate surface, wherein said plate block or plate stack comprises one of said first partition plates having one of said second partition plates being joined to both the first and the second main sides of said first partition plate in a fluid-tight manner along said first and second folded edges of said first or said second partition plate, and each second partition plate being spaced apart from said first partition plate by said first and said second folded edges, thereby defining a flow channel layer between said first partition plate and each of said second partition plates. 19. A plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein each flow channel is separated from its adjacent flow channel(s) by only a single partition plate.20. A plate heat exchanger according to claim 12, wherein each flow channel is separated from its adjacent flow channel(s) by only a single partition plate. eans. 14. The block noise detecting apparatus according to claim 13, wherein said signal extracting means, said absolute value taking means, said accumulating/adding means, and said periodicity detecting means each execute processing for said the video signal in at least one of a horizontal direction and a vertical direction.15. The block noise detecting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said signal extracting means, said absolute value taking means, said accumulating/adding means, and said periodicity detecting means each execute processing for the video signal in at least one of a horizontal direction and a vertical direction.16. The block noise detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said signal extracting means, said absolute value taking means, said accumulating/adding means, and said periodicity detecting means each execute processing for the sad video signal in at least one of a horizontal directional and a vertical direction.17. The block noise detecting apparatus according to claim 16, wherein, when each of the processing is executed for the video signal in the vertical direction, said periodicity detecting means successively changes frames of the video signal used for detection according to a format of the video signal to be inputted. 18. A block noise eliminating apparatus for detecting and eliminating, from a digital video signal subjected to lossy encoding on a predetermined image block basis, block noise caused by decoding the video signal, said block noise elimination apparatus comprising: signal extracting means for receiving the video signal and extracting only a high frequency component from the video signal; absolute value taking means for taking an absolute value of a high frequency component signal outputted from said signal extracting means; accumulating/adding means for accumulating/adding an absolute value signal outputted from said absolute value taking means for a predetermined period; periodicity detecting means fo
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