IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0194085
(2002-07-11)
|
우선권정보 |
DE-0033699 (2001-07-11) |
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Maienschein, Stephan
- Mü
- ller, Bruno
- Back, Gunnar
|
출원인 / 주소 |
- LuK Lamellen und Kupplungsbau Beteiligungs KG
|
대리인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
7 인용 특허 :
7 |
초록
▼
Overheating of various parts of a hydraulic torque converter between the engine and the transmission of the power train in a motor vehicle, wherein the torque converter employs a bypass clutch which generates heat when it is operated with slip, is counteracted by establishing one or more paths for t
Overheating of various parts of a hydraulic torque converter between the engine and the transmission of the power train in a motor vehicle, wherein the torque converter employs a bypass clutch which generates heat when it is operated with slip, is counteracted by establishing one or more paths for the flow of hydraulic converter fluid from a first plenum chamber at one side of the axially movable piston of the bypass clutch to a second plenum chamber. A first portion of each such path is defined by at least one groove in a friction surface of at least one part of the bypass clutch, and a second portion of each such path is defined by one or more throttling orifices which offers or offer to the fluid flow a resistance several times that of the groove(s).
대표청구항
▼
1. A fluid-operated apparatus for transmitting torque from a rotary output element of a prime mover to a coaxial input element of a driven unit, comprising: a hollow rotary fluid containing housing coaxial with and connected to the output element; a pump connected with and located in said housing; a
1. A fluid-operated apparatus for transmitting torque from a rotary output element of a prime mover to a coaxial input element of a driven unit, comprising: a hollow rotary fluid containing housing coaxial with and connected to the output element; a pump connected with and located in said housing; a turbine rotatable with the input element and being located in and rotatable relative to said housing; a bypass clutch disposed in said housing and being engageable to connect said housing with said input element, said clutch including a piston movable axially in and dividing the interior of said housing into a plurality of chambers in the engaged condition of said clutch, a first chamber of said plurality having an inlet and a second chamber of said plurality having an outlet, said piston being movable axially of said housing to engage the clutch in response to an increase of fluid pressure in said first chamber above the fluid pressure in said second chamber; and means for establishing a path for the flow of fluid between said first and second chambers in the engaged condition of said clutch, including a first friction surface borne by said housing, a second friction surface adjacent said first friction surface at least in the engaged condition of said clutch and rotatable with said input element, at least one of said surfaces having a groove communicating with said first and second chambers, defining a first portion of said path and being arranged to offer a pronounced resistance to the flow of fluid therethrough, and at least one throttling orifice defining a second portion of said path, wherein the fluid flows radially inwards from a boundary line between an outside diameter of at least one of the first and second friction surfaces and a neighboring surface and as the fluid flows radially inside from the outside diameter, the flow of the fluid is redirected at least once in the axial direction. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said at least one orifice is arranged to offer to the flow of fluid therethrough a resistance exceeding said pronounced resistance of said groove.3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said pronounced resistance of said groove is between at least 2 and 10 percent of the combined resistance of said at least one groove and said at least one orifice.4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said at least one orifice is provided in a metallic part of said bypass clutch.5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein said metallic part is one of a portion of said housing, a friction disc of said bypass clutch and a portion of said piston.6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said bypass clutch further includes a carrier and at least one friction lining on said carrier, said at least one friction surface being provided on said friction lining.7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said carrier is one of a friction disc of said bypass clutch, a portion of said housing and a portion of said piston.8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said at least one orifice is provided in said carrier.9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said groove is a circumferentially complete groove and said at least one friction surface has at least one opening connecting said groove with one of said chambers and offering a negligible resistance to the flow of fluid therethrough.10. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising at least one torsional vibration damper interposed in a power train between said housing and the input element of the driven unit.11. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a stator provided in said housing between said pump and said turbine.12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said groove includes at least one section extending at least substantially circumferentially of said piston and having a first portion communicating with said at least one throttling orifice and at least one second portion, said path establishing means further having at least one opening communicating with said at least one second portion of said at le ast one section and with one of said chambers and offering a negligible resistance to the flow of fluid therethrough.13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said at least one friction surface is an annular surface having an axis coinciding with the axis of said housing and including a portion remotest from said axis, said at least one throttling orifice being provided at said portion of said annular surface.14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said at least one friction surface has an intake for fluid adjacent said at least one throttling orifice.15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein said intake in said at least one friction surface is a stamped out portion of said path establishing means.16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein said path establishing means includes a friction lining and said at least one friction surface is provided on said friction lining, said intake of said at least one friction surface being constituted by a stamped-out portion of said friction lining.17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said at least one throttling orifice is provided in said friction lining and said friction lining is further provided with a stamped-out passage communicating with said at least one throttling orifice and offering to the fluid flow a resistance constituting a small fraction of the resistance offered by said throttling orifice.18. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said path establishing means comprises an annular component and at least one friction lining borne by said component and provided with said at least one friction surface, said at least one orifice being provided at least in part in said annular component and said annular component further having at least one first positioning means in register with second positioning means of said at least one friction lining.19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein at least one of said positioning means includes a notch in the respective one of said component and said friction lining.20. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said path establishing means comprises an annular metallic component and at least one friction lining borne by said component and provided with said at least one friction surface, said groove including a first channel provided in the said at least one friction surface and a second channel communicating with said first channel by way of said at least one throttling orifice at least in the engaged condition of said bypass clutch.21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein at least said first channel is a circumferentially complete substantially annular channel.22. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein at least said first channel includes a plurality of discrete sections.23. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said at least one surface is an annular surface and said path establishing means has a plurality of throttling orifices spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction of said annular surface.24. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said path establishing means has a plurality of throttling orifices disposed at different distances from the axis of said housing.25. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said path establishing means further comprises an annular carrier provided between a wall of said housing and said piston and first and second friction linings provided on said carrier and respectively confronting said wall and said piston, said at least one friction surface including first and second portions respectively provided on said first and second friction linings and the other of said surfaces having a first portion provided on said wall and confronting said first friction lining and a second portion provided on said piston and confronting said second friction lining.26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein said groove includes first and second portions respectively provided in said first and second portions of said at least one friction surface and said at least one orifice communicates with said first and second portions of said groove.27. The apparatus of cl aim 26, wherein said path establishing means has a plurality of first throttling orifices communicating with said first portion of said groove and a plurality of second throttling orifices communicating with said second portion of said groove, said first orifices alternating with said second orifices as seen in a circumferential direction of said carrier.28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein a third portion of said path extends between said first and second throttling orifices.29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein said third portion of said path is defined by at least one portion of said groove.30. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said path establishing means includes an annular friction lining borne by said piston and engaging a wall of said housing in the engaged condition of said bypass clutch, said groove and said at least one throttling orifice being provided in said friction lining and said path establishing means further having at least one opening connecting said at least one throttling orifice with one of said chambers.31. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein said friction lining has a radially outermost and a radially innermost surface, said at least one opening being provided in one of said innermost and outermost surfaces of said friction lining.32. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein said at least one opening is provided in at least one of said friction lining and said piston.33. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein said at least one opening and said at least one throttling orifice offer a major first resistance and said groove offers a minor second resistance to the flow of fluid between said chambers.34. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said path establishing means is integrated into said bypass clutch.35. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said path establishing means includes at least one friction lining disposed intermediate said piston and a wall of said housing, said piston being disposed between said wall and said turbine.36. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said driven unit includes an automatic change-speed transmission.37. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising leaf springs axially movably connecting said piston to said housing.38. A hydrodynamic torque converter for use between a rotary output element of a prime mover and a rotary input element which is coaxial with the output element and forms part of a change-speed transmission, particularly in the power train of a motor vehicle, comprising: a rotary fluid-containing housing coaxial with and connectable to the output element; a pump disposed in and rotatable with said housing; a turbine disposed in and rotatable by fluid in said housing in response to rotation of said pump; an engageable and disengageable bypass clutch disposed in said housing and operable to at least temporarily connect the housing with the input element, said clutch including a piston movable axially of said housing and dividing the interior of the housing into at least two fluid-containing chambers in the at least partly engaged condition of the clutch, a first chamber of said chambers having a fluid-admitting inlet and a second chamber of said chambers having a fluid-discharging outlet, said clutch being engageable in response to admission of fluid into said first chamber at a pressure exceeding the fluid pressure in said second chamber with attendant axial movement of said piston in said housing, said clutch further having a first friction surface rotatable with said housing and a second friction surface rotatable with the input element and bearing upon the first surface in at least partly engaged condition of the clutch; a torsional vibration damper disposed in said housing and including an input member rotatable with and about the axis of said housing at least in the engaged condition of said clutch, an output member turnable about said axis relative to the input member, and means for yieldably opposing rotation of said output member relative to said input member; and mea ns for non-rotatably mounting said output member on the input element of the transmission, including a first hub rotatable with said turbine, a second hub adjacent and coaxial with said first hub and axially movably carried by the input element, a set of mating gears coupling said second hub for rotation with said output member, and energy storing means for yielding biasing said hubs against each other axially of said housing. 39. The torque converter of claim 38, wherein said damper further comprises a second set of mating gears coupling said input member for rotation with said first hub.40. The torque converter of claim 39, wherein at least one of said sets includes gears having limited freedom of angular movement relative to each other.
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