A system for the control of an indirectly heated gas turbine comprising a primary system of controlling the temperature of heated compressed gas entering the expander, and an independent secondary system which includes a safety valve for instantaneous release of heated compressed gas to the atmosphe
A system for the control of an indirectly heated gas turbine comprising a primary system of controlling the temperature of heated compressed gas entering the expander, and an independent secondary system which includes a safety valve for instantaneous release of heated compressed gas to the atmosphere. The primary system controls system gas temperature and power output by modulating a flow of unheated compressed gas which bypasses the heat exchanger and mixes with the heated gas leaving the heat exchanger to produce a lower temperature gas entering the expander. The secondary system provides a backup means of overspeed prevention, and includes a safety valve to instantly discharge to the atmosphere hot compressed gas upstream of the expander by being responsive to the speed of the turbine. The safety valve includes a frangible membrane clamped between parallel flanges within the ducting, and further includes a dagger assembly for rupturing the membrane.
대표청구항▼
1. A safety valve for selective instantaneous release of pressurized gas to the atmosphere, the safety valve comprising a rupturable membrane and rupture means, wherein said rupture means is positioned in close proximity to said rupturable membrane, and wherein said rupture means, when activated, is
1. A safety valve for selective instantaneous release of pressurized gas to the atmosphere, the safety valve comprising a rupturable membrane and rupture means, wherein said rupture means is positioned in close proximity to said rupturable membrane, and wherein said rupture means, when activated, is instantaneously caused to rupture said rupturable membrane, wherein said rupture means comprises a puncturing instrument having a first end which comprises a blade, said puncturing instrument further having a second end which comprises a driving means, wherein when said rupture means is activated said driving means propels said blade through said ruptureable membrane so as to result in bursting of said ruptureable membrane and instantaneous release of pressurized gas to the atmosphere, wherein said driving means comprises a rod, a compressed gas cylinder and a latch, wherein said rod has a first end which is detachably connected to said blade, said rod has a mid portion which extends through said compressed gas cylinder, said mid portion of said rod is provided with a gas cylinder piston within said compressed gas cylinder which is drivable by compressed gas within said cylinder, said rod has a second end which is separated from said first end by said mid portion and which terminates in a flange, said latch residing adjacent to said second end of said rod, said latch abutting said flange in a manner which obstructs the travel path and prevents motion of said flange, said latch being maintained in position abutting said flange by action of a solenoid, said compressed gas cylinder being provided with a compressed gas source which acts to drive said compressed gas piston and rod in the direction of said cutting blade, said rod being prevented from motion by the obstructive action of said latch against said flange, said latch being withdrawn from said flange when electrical power to said solenoid is interrupted. 2. A safety valve for selective instantaneous release of pressurized gas to the atmosphere, the safety valve comprising a rupturable membrane and rupture means, wherein said rupture means is positioned in close proximity to said rupturable membrane, and wherein said rupture means, when activated, is instantaneously caused to rupture said rupturable membrane, wherein said rupture means comprises a puncturing instrument having a first end which comprises a blade, said puncturing instrument further having a second end which comprises a driving means, wherein when said rupture means is activated said driving means propels said blade through said ruptureable membrane so as to result in bursting of said ruptureable membrane and instantaneous release of pressurized gas to the atmosphere, wherein said driving means comprises a rod, a compressed gas cylinder and a hydraulic fluid cylinder, wherein said rod has a first end which is detachably connected to said blade, said rod has a mid portion which extends through said compressed gas cylinder, said mid portion of said rod is provided with a gas cylinder piston within said compressed gas cylinder which is drivable by compressed gas within said cylinder, said rod has a second end which is separated from said first end by said mid portion and which terminates in a hydraulic cylinder piston, said second end of said rod being housed within said hydraulic fluid cylinder, said compressed gas cylinder being provided with a compressed gas source which acts to drive said compressed gas piston and rod in the direction of said cutting blade, said compressed gas being provided at a first pressure, wherein the force of said hydraulic fluid on said hydraulic cylinder piston within said hydraulic fluid cylinder being greater than said the force of the compressed gas on said compressed gas piston within the compressed gas cylinder such that said rod is prevented from motion by the obstructive force of hydraulic fluid against said hydraulic cylinder piston within said hydraulic fluid cylinder, said driving means being activated by a loss of hydraulic fluid pressure. 3. An apparatus for discharging the hot operating gas of an indirectly heated gas turbine consisting of a frangible disk and disk puncture means, said frangible disk comprising a first side and a second side which is opposed the first side, said frangible disk being retained between two flanges which are mounted within the ducting of the indirectly heated gas turbine such that said first side resides within the indirectly heated gas turbine and is exposed to hot compressed gas, and such that said second side resides exteriorly to said indirectly heated gas turbine and is exposed to substantially ambient pressure, said puncture means being located adjacent to said frangible disk and comprising a puncture tool and a tool activation means, said tool activation means capable of being selectively activated to propel said puncture tool through said frangible disk thereby instantaneously releasing said hot compressed gas to the exterior of the indirectly heated gas turbine, wherein said tool activation means is activated when overspeed of the indirectly heated gas turbine is detected. 4. The apparatus for discharging the hot operating gas of an indirectly heated gas turbine of claim 3 wherein said tool activation means comprises a compressed gas cylinder and a hydraulic fluid cylinder, said hydraulic fluid cylinder restraining the action of the compressed gas cylinder until said tool activation means is activated, such that when said tool activation means is activated pressure within said hydraulic cylinder is released and said compressed gas cylinder acts to propel said puncture tool through said frangible disk, and said compressed gas cylinder using compressed gas generated by said indirectly heated gas turbine such that said tool activation means is inoperable when said indirectly heated gas turbine is stopped and at below normal operating speeds thus preventing unintentional activation of said apparatus. 5. The apparatus for discharging the hot operating gas of an indirectly heated gas turbine of claim 3 wherein speed of the indirectly heated gas turbine is monitored electronically, and wherein interruption of an electrical signal activates the tool activation means.6. The apparatus for discharging the hot operating gas of an indirectly heated gas turbine of claim 5 wherein said tool activation means comprises a piston within a compressed gas cylinder, said compressed gas cylinder using compressed gas generated by said indirectly heated gas turbine such that said activation means is inoperable when said indirectly heated gas turbine is stopped and at below normal operating speeds so as to prevent unintentional activation of said apparatus.7. The apparatus for discharging the hot operating gas of an indirectly heated gas turbine of claim 6 wherein said piston within said compressed gas cylinder is restrained from operation during normal operation using latching means, said latching means being withdrawn in overspeed conditions, wherein said compressed gas cylinder drives an elongate probe, said elongate probe having a sharpened distal end for puncturing said frangible disk, said elongate probe having a flanged near end, wherein said latching means comprises an electric solenoid, a latch, and a spring, and wherein said latch obstructs the motion of said flanged near end of said elongate probe, said latch being inserted and maintained in said obstructing position against the pressure of said spring by said electric solenoid, said latch being withdrawn from said obstructing position on interruption of electrical power to the solenoid as caused by an overspeed condition, by the action of said spring. 8. A gas turbine safety valve system comprising: a. a gas delivery means having a near end, said gas delivery means having mounted on the near end, a first flange plate; b. a gas exhaust delivery means having a near end, and a side wall, said gas exhaust delivery means having mounted on the near end, a second flange plate; c. a ruptureable membrane mounted between said first and second flange plates such that said first and second flange plates secure the ruptureable membrane therebetween; d. a ruptureable probe system comprising: i. a cannular holder securely mounted through the side wall of the gas exhaust delivery means near the near end thereof, said cannular holder supporting and securely holding the ruptureable probe system;ii. a drive rod slidable through said cannular holder and extending inside the side wall of the means for supporting and holding the rupturing probe system, said drive rod having a near end, a mid portion, and a distal end;iii. a probe capable of rupturing the ruptureable membrane detachedly mounted to the distal end of said slidable drive rod;iv. a cylindrical compressed gas housing, said cylindrical compressed gas housing having a near end, a distal end, a distal end integral cap and a side wall, said cylindrical compressed gas housing having openings in or near the distal end integral cap for the flow of gas from the interior of the cylindrical compressed gas housing to the exterior of the cylindrical compressed gas housing and the reverse flow thereof said cylindrical compressed gas housing having a detachable flanged cap on the near end, said flanged cap and said distal end integral cap having centered apertures to accommodate said mid portion of the slidable drive rod therethrough, said cylindrical compressed gas housing having a compressed gas inlet at the near end of the cylindrical compressed housing and through the detachable flanged cap thereof;v. a piston securely mounted on the slidable drive rod interior of the cylindrical compressed gas housing above the compressed gas inlet;vi. a detachable flange secured to said near end of said slidable drive rod,vii. a latch which is positioned to lie between said flange and said cylindrical compressed gas housing so as to confront said flange and to obstruct the motion of said slideable drive rod,viii. an electrically powered solenoid for inserting and maintaining said latch in said obstructing position against said flangeix. a spring, said spring acting to retract said latch from said obstructing position when said solenoid is deactivated.9. A gas turbine safety valve comprising, a. a means for supporting and holding a ruptureable membrane; b. a means for supporting and holding a rupturing probe system, said rupturing probe system comprising: i. a cannular holder securely mounted through a side wall of the means for supporting and holding the rupturing probe system;ii. a slidable drive rod through said cannular holder and extending inside the side wall of the means for supporting and holding the rupturing probe system, said drive rod having a near end and a distal end;iii. a probe capable of rupturing the ruptureable membrane detachedly mounted to the distal end of said slidable drive rod;iv. a cylindrical compressed gas housing, said compressed gas housing having a near end, a distal end, a distal end integral cap and a side wall, said cylindrical compressed gas housing having openings in or near the distal end integral cap for the flow of gas from the interior of the cylindrical compressed gas housing to the exterior of the cylindrical compressed gas housing and the reverse flow thereof, said cylindrical compressed gas housing having a detachable flanged cap on the near end, said flanged cap and said distal end integral cap having centered apertures to accommodate an extension of the slidable drive rod therethrough, said cylindrical compressed gas housing having a compressed gas inlet near the near end of the cylindrical compressed gas housing and through the side wall thereof;v. a first piston securely mounted on the slidable drive rod interior of the cylindrical compressed gas housing above the compressed gas inlet;vi. a cylindrical hyd raulic fluid housing, said cylindrical hydraulic fluid housing having a side wall and a top cap; said cylindrical hydraulic fluid housing having an opening centered in the top cap to accommodate an extension of the slidable drive rod therethrough, said slidable drive rod having a second piston mounted on the near end thereof, the cylindrical hydraulic fluid housing having a hydraulic fluid inlet through the side wall and at the distal end thereof; said cylindrical hydraulic fluid housing having a hydraulic fluid drain outlet through the cylindrical hydraulic fluid housing side wall and near the near end of the cylindrical hydraulic fluid housing.vii. a control system for providing hydraulic fluid to the cylindrical hydraulic oil housing;viii. the force of the hydraulic fluid on the second piston in the cylindrical hydraulic fluid housing being higher than the force of the compressed gas on the first piston in the cylindrical compressed gas housing, in normal operation.10. A gas turbine safety valve comprising, a. a means for supporting and holding a ruptureable membrane; b. a means for supporting and holding a rupturing probe system, said rupturing probe system comprising: i. a cannular holder securely mounted through a side wall of the means for supporting and holding the rupturing probe system;ii. a slidable drive rod through said cannular holder and extending inside the side wall of the means for supporting and holding the rupturing probe system, said drive rod having a near end and a distal end;iii. a probe capable of rupturing the ruptureable membrane detachedly mounted to the distal end of said slidable drive rod;iv. a cylindrical compressed gas housing, said compressed gas housing having a near end, a distal end, a distal end integral cap and a side wall, said cylindrical compressed gas housing having openings in or near the distal end integral cap for the flow of gas from the interior of the cylindrical compressed gas housing to the exterior of the cylindrical compressed gas housing and the reverse flow thereof, said cylindrical compressed gas housing having a detachable flanged cap on the near end, said flanged cap and said distal end integral cap having centered apertures to accommodate an extension of the slidable drive rod therethrough, said cylindrical compressed gas housing having a compressed gas inlet near the near end of the cylindrical compressed gas housing and through the side wall thereof;v. a first piston securely mounted on the slidable drive rod interior of the cylindrical compressed gas housing above the compressed gas inlet;vi. a cylindrical hydraulic fluid housing, said cylindrical hydraulic fluid housing having a side wall and a top cap; said cylindrical hydraulic fluid housing having an opening centered in the top cap to accommodate an extension of the slidable drive rod therethrough, said slidable drive rod having a second piston mounted on the near end thereof, the cylindrical hydraulic fluid housing having a hydraulic fluid inlet through the side wall and at the distal end thereof; said cylindrical hydraulic fluid housing having a hydraulic fluid drain outlet through the cylindrical hydraulic fluid housing side wall and near the near end of the cylindrical hydraulic fluid housingvii. a control system for providing compressed gas to the cylindrical compressed gas housing at a predetermined pressure;viii. a control system for providing hydraulic fluid to the cylindrical hydraulic oil housing;ix. the force of the hydraulic fluid on the second piston in the cylindrical hydraulic fluid housing, in a standby mode, being higher than the force of the compressed gas on the first piston in the cylindrical compressed gas housing in a standby mode.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (1)
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