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A combination junction provides a fluid, electrical-power and control-signal connections. A combination tap comprises a flow probe that pierces a main conduit when it is attached to it. It thereby provides fluid communication between a tap conduit and the main conduit. The combination tap also inclu

A combination junction provides a fluid, electrical-power and control-signal connections. A combination tap comprises a flow probe that pierces a main conduit when it is attached to it. It thereby provides fluid communication between a tap conduit and the main conduit. The combination tap also includes one or more tap electrical conductors to tap electrical conductors embedded in the main-conduit wall.

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1. A combination junction comprising: A) a main conduit having at least one main passage defined by a main-conduit wall to a surface of which at least one main electrical conductor insulated by insulating material is secured; and B) a combination tap comprising: i) a body;ii) an attachment mec

1. A combination junction comprising: A) a main conduit having at least one main passage defined by a main-conduit wall to a surface of which at least one main electrical conductor insulated by insulating material is secured; and B) a combination tap comprising: i) a body;ii) an attachment mechanism operable to secure the body to the main conduit;iii) a tap conduit provided by the body and forming at least one tap passage associated with a respective said main passage and entering into communication therewith when the attachment mechanism is operated to secure the body to the main conduit; andiv) at least one tap electrical conductor provided by the body, associated with a respective said main electrical conductor, and terminating in a respective insulation-piercing tip so disposed as to pierce the insulating material and make electrical contact with the respective main conductor when the attachment mechanism is operated to secure the body to the main conduit.2. A combination junction as defined in claim 1 wherein: A) the combination tap includes a flow probe so shaped and positioned as to create a flow-tap opening by piercing the main conduit wall when the body is being secured to the main conduit; and B) the tap passage extends through the flow probe when the body has been secured to the main conduit. 3. A combination junction as defined in claim 2 wherein the flow probe forms a flow-probe passage therethrough in which is disposed a check valve that prevents flow through the flow-probe passage in the direction away from the main passage.4. A combination junction as defined in claim 3 wherein the check valve is a duck-bill check valve having resilient lips that form a slit that tends to close against flow through the flow-probe passage in the direction away from the main passage but permits extension of the tap conduit therethrough.5. A combination junction as defined in claim 1 wherein at least one said main electrical conductor is embedded in the main-conduit wall.6. A combination junction as defined in claim 5 wherein the insulating material is the conduit wall.7. A combination junction as defined in claim 1 further including a valve so interposed in the tap conduit as to control flow therethrough.8. A combination junction as defined in claim 7 wherein the valve is a latching valve, which requires power to change between its open and closed states but requires no power to remain in either state.9. A combination junction as defined in claim 7 wherein the valve is operable, by application of power supplied through at least one said tap electrical conductor, between open and closed states, in which it respectively permits and prevents fluid flow through the tap conduit.10. A combination junction as defined in claim 9 wherein the valve is a latching valve, which requires power to change between its open and closed states but requires no power to remain in either state.11. A combination junction as defined in claim 7 further comprising a valve-drive circuit responsive to application thereto of valve-control signals to operate the valve between its open and closed states by controlling application thereto of the power supplied to the valve-drive circuit.12. A combination junction as defined in claim 11 wherein the valve is a latching valve, which requires power to change between its open and closed states but requires no power to remain in either state.13. A combination junction as defined in claim 11 wherein the combination junction further includes a sensor that applies the valve-control signals to the control circuit.14. A combination junction as defined in claim 13 wherein the sensor is an object sensor that monitors a target region for objects and applies the valve-control signals to the control circuit in response to predetermined characteristics of objects thereby detected.15. A combination junction as defined in claim 11 wherein the valve-drive circuit receives the valve-control signals through at least one sa id tap electrical conductor.16. A combination junction as defined in claim 11 wherein the valve-drive circuit receives through at least one said tap electrical conductor the power whose application to the valve the valve-drive circuit controls.17. A combination junction as defined in claim 16 wherein the valve-drive circuit receives the valve-control signals through at least one said tap electrical conductor.18. A combination junction as defined in claim 16 wherein the combination junction further includes a sensor that applies the valve-control signals to the control circuit.19. A combination junction as defined in claim 18 wherein the sensor is an object sensor that monitors a target region for objects and applies the valve-control signals to the control circuit in response to predetermined characteristics of objects thereby detected.20. A combination junction as defined in claim 7 wherein at least one said main electrical conductor is embedded in the main-conduit wall.21. A combination junction as defined in claim 20 wherein the insulating material is the conduit wall.22. For tapping a main conduit having at least one main passage defined by a main-conduit wall, to a surface of which at least one main electrical conductor insulated by insulating material is secured, a combination tap comprising A) a body; B) an attachment mechanism operable to secure the body to the main conduit; C) a tap conduit provided by the body and forming at least one tap passage associated with a respective said main passage and entering into communication therewith when the attachment mechanism is operated to secure the combination tap body to the main conduit; and D) at least one tap electrical conductor provided by the body, associated with a respective said main electrical conductor, and terminating in a respective insulation-piercing tip so disposed as to pierce the insulating material and make electrical contact with the respective main conductor when the attachment mechanism is operated to secure the body to the main conduit. 23. A combination tap as defined in claim 22 wherein: A) the combination tap includes a flow probe so shaped and positioned as to create a flow-tap opening by piercing the main conduit wall when the body is being secured to the main conduit; and B) the tap passage extends through the flow probe when the body has been secured to the main conduit. 24. A combination tap as defined in claim 20 wherein the flow probe forms a flow-probe passage therethrough in which is disposed a check valve that prevents flow through the flow-probe passage in the direction away from the main passage.25. A combination tap as defined in claim 24 wherein the check valve is a duck-bill check valve having resilient lips that form a slit that tends to close against flow through the flow-probe passage in the direction away from the main passage but permits extension of the tap conduit therethrough.26. A combination tap as defined in claim 22 further including a valve so interposed in the tap conduit as to control flow therethrough.27. A combination tap as defined in claim 26 wherein the valve is a latching valve, which requires power to change between its open and closed states but requires no power to remain in either state.28. A combination tap as defined in claim 26 wherein the valve is operable, by application of power supplied through at least one said tap electrical conductor, between open and closed states, in which it respectively permits and prevents fluid flow through the tap conduit.29. A combination tap as defined in claim 28 wherein the valve is a latching valve, which requires power to change between its open and closed states but requires no power to remain in either state.30. A combination tap as defined in claim 26 further comprising a valve-drive circuit responsive to application thereto of valve-control signals to operate the valve between its open and closed states by controlling application thereto of the power supplied to the valve-drive circuit.31. A combination tap as defined in claim 30 wherein the valve is a latching valve, which requires power to change between its open and closed states but requires no power to remain in either state.32. A combination tap as defined in claim 30 wherein the combination tap further includes a sensor that applies the valve-control signals to the control circuit.33. A combination tap as defined in claim 32 wherein the sensor is an object sensor that monitors a target region for objects and applies the valve-control signals to the control circuit in response to predetermined characteristics of objects thereby detected.34. A combination tap as defined in claim 30 wherein the valve-drive circuit receives the valve-control signals through at least one said tap electrical conductor.35. A combination tap as defined in claim 30 wherein the valve-drive circuit receives through at least one said tap electrical conductor the power whose application to the valve the valve-drive circuit controls.36. A combination tap as defined in claim 35 wherein the valve-drive circuit receives the valve-control signals through at least one said tap electrical conductor.37. A combination junction as defined in claim 36 wherein the combination junction further includes a sensor that applies the valve-control signals to the control circuit.38. A combination junction as defined in claim 37 wherein the sensor is an object sensor that monitors a target region for objects and applies the valve-control signals to the control circuit in response to predetermined characteristics of objects thereby detected.39. For creating a combination junction, a method comprising: A) providing a main conduit having at least one main passage defined by a main-conduit wall to a surface of which at least one main electrical conductor insulated by insulating material is secured; B) piercing the main-conduit wall to create a flow-tap opening therethrough; and C) attaching to the main conduit a combination tap that includes a body, a tap conduit provided by the body and forming a tap passage that enters into communication through the flow-tap opening with the main passage when the combination tap is being attached to the main conduit, and at least one tap electrical conductor provided by the body, associated with a respective said main electrical conductor, and terminating in a respective insulation-piercing terminal so disposed as to pierce the insulating material when the body is being attached to the main conduit and thereby make electrical contact with the respective main conductor. 40. A method as defined in claim 39 wherein: A) the combination tap includes a flow probe so shaped and positioned as to pierce the main conduit wall when the body is being secured to the main conduit; and B) the step of creating a flow-tap opening includes employing the flow probe to pierce the main conduit wall as the body is being secured. 41. A method as defined in claim 40 wherein the step of creating a flow-tap opening includes piercing the main-conduit wall with a flow probe through which, when the body has been secured to the main conduit, the tap passage extends.42. A method as defined in claim 41 wherein the flow probe forms a flow-probe passage therethrough in which is disposed a check valve that tends to prevent flow through the flow-probe passage in the direction away from the main passage.43. A method as defined in claim 42 wherein the check valve is a duck-bill check valve having resilient lips that form a slit that tends to close against flow through the flow-probe passage in the direction away from the main passage but permits extension of the tap conduit therethrough.44. A method as defined in claim 39 wherein the combination tap is attached to the main conduit by first attaching the flow probe to the main conduit and thereby creating the flow-tap opening and then attaching the tap conduit to the flow probe.45. A method as defined in clai m 39 further including the step of employing a pressurized-gas source to pressurize at least one said main passage.46. A method as defined in claim 45 further including: A) providing a pneumatic-conveyor system including at least one gas-input port and a respective conveyor roller derivable by introduction of pressurized gas into that gas-input port; and B) placing at least one said gas-input port into fluid communication with at least one said tap passage. 47. A method as defined in claim 39 wherein at least one said main electrical conductor is embedded in the main-conduit wall.48. A method as defined in claim 47 wherein the insulating material is the conduit wall.49. A method as defined in claim 39 wherein the combination tap includes a valve associated with each of at least one tap passage and so interposed in the associated tap passage as to control flow therethrough.50. A method as defined in claim 49 wherein the valve is a latching valve, which requires power to change between its open and closed states but requires no power to remain in either state.51. A method as defined in claim 49 wherein at least one said valve is operable, by application of power supplied through at least one said tap electrical conductor, between open and closed states, in which it respectively permits and prevents fluid flow through the tap passage associated therewith.52. A method as defined in claim 51 wherein the valve is a latching valve, which requires power to change between its open and closed states but requires no power to remain in either state.53. A method as defined in claim 51 further including the step of employing an electric-power source to apply electrical power to at least one said main electrical conductor.54. A method as defined in claim 49 wherein the claim assembly further includes a valve-drive circuit responsive to application thereto of valve-control signals to operate at least one said valve between its open and closed states by controlling application thereto of the power supplied to the valve-drive circuit.55. A method as defined in claim 54 wherein the valve is a latching valve, which requires power to change between its open and closed states but requires no power to remain in either state.56. A method as defined in claim 54 wherein the combination tap further includes a sensor that applies the valve-control signals to the control circuit.57. A method as defined in claim 56 wherein the sensor is an object sensor that monitors a target region for objects and applies the valve-control signals to the control circuit in response to predetermined characteristics of objects thereby detected.58. A method as defined in claim 54 wherein the valve-drive circuit receives the valve-control signals through at least one said tap electrical conductor.59. A method as defined in claim 58 further including the step of providing a control-signal source that applies valve-control signals to at least one said main electrical conductor.60. A method as defined in claim 54 wherein the valve-drive circuit receives through at least one said tap electrical conductor the power whose application to the valve the valve-drive circuit controls.61. A method as defined in claim 60 further including the step of employing an electric-power source to apply electrical power to at least one said main electrical conductor.62. A method as defined in claim 60 wherein the valve-drive circuit receives the valve-control signals through at least one said tap electrical conductor.63. For creating a junction in a main conduit that includes a main-conduit wall that forms a main passage, a method comprising: A) creating a flow-tap opening through the main-conduit wall by attaching thereto a flow probe, through which a flow-probe passage extends, that so pierces the main wall when it is being attached thereto that the flow-probe passage communicates with the main passage when the flow probe has pierced the main-conduit wall, a check valve being so disposed i n the flow-probe passage as to tend to prevent flow through the flow-probe passage in the direction away from the main passage; and B) attaching to the flow probe a tap conduit that forms a tap passage so that the tap passage extends into the flow-probe passage and the tap conduit holds the check valve open, whereby the tap conduit causes the check to permit flow through the flow-probe passage in the direction away from the main passage and into the tap passage when the flow probe has been attached to the main conduit. 64. A method as defined in claim 63 wherein the check valve is a duck-bill check valve having resilient lips that form a slit that tends to close against flow through the flow-probe passage in the direction away from the main passage but permits extension of the tap conduit therethrough.65. A method as defined in claim 63, further comprising so removing the tap conduit from the flow probe as to permit the check valve to close and thereby prevent flow through the flow-probe passage in the direction away from the main passage.66. A method as defined in claim 65 wherein the check valve is a duck-bill check valve having resilient lips that form a slit that tends to close against flow through the flow-probe passage in the direction away from the main passage but permits extension of the tap conduit therethrough.67. A method as defined in claim 65 wherein the tap conduit is attached to the flow probe before the flow probe is attached to the main conduit.68. A method as defined in claim 65 wherein the tap conduit is attached to the flow probe after the flow probe is attached to the main conduit, whereby the check valve prevents prevent flow through the flow-probe passage in the direction away from the main passage until the tap conduit is attached.69. A method as defined in claim 63 wherein the tap conduit is attached to the flow probe before the flow probe is attached to the main conduit.70. A method as defined in claim 69 wherein the check valve is a duck-bill check valve having resilient lips that form a slit that tends to close against flow through the flow-probe passage in the direction away from the main passage but permits extension of the tap conduit therethrough.71. A method as defined in claim 63 wherein the tap conduit is attached to the flow probe after the flow probe is attached to the main conduit, whereby the check valve prevents prevent flow through the flow-probe passage in the direction away from the main passage until the tap conduit is attached.72. A method as defined in claim 71 wherein the check valve is a duck-bill check valve having resilient lips that form a slit that tends to close against flow through the flow-probe passage in the direction away from the main passage but permits extension of the tap conduit therethrough.