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A method is provided for the preparation of metal/porous substrate composite membranes by flowing a solution of metal to be plated over a first surface of a porous substrate and concurrently applying a pressure of gas on a second surface of the porous substrate, such that the porous substrate separa

A method is provided for the preparation of metal/porous substrate composite membranes by flowing a solution of metal to be plated over a first surface of a porous substrate and concurrently applying a pressure of gas on a second surface of the porous substrate, such that the porous substrate separates the solution of metal from the gas, and the use of the resulting membrane for the production of highly purified hydrogen gas.

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1. A method for producing a metal plated porous substrate, comprising:flowing a solution of metal to be plated over a first surface of a porous substrate with pores having a diameter in a range from 5 to 200 nanometers andconcurrently applying a pressure of gas on a second surface of the porous subs

1. A method for producing a metal plated porous substrate, comprising:flowing a solution of metal to be plated over a first surface of a porous substrate with pores having a diameter in a range from 5 to 200 nanometers andconcurrently applying a pressure of gas on a second surface of the porous substrate opposite to said first surface, such that said porous substrate separates the solution of metal from the gas. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said porous substrate is a made of a material selected from the group consisting of ceramics and porous metals. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein said porous substrate is a ceramic substrate. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein said porous substrate is a porous metal substrate. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein said porous substrate is a cylindrical substrate having an inner surface and an outer surface. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein said inner surface is said first surface and said outer surface is said second surface. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein said outer surface is said first surface and said inner surface is said second surface. 8. The method of claim 3, wherein said ceramic substrate is made of a ceramic material selected from the group consisting of zirconia, alumina and silica. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein said ceramic substrate is a zirconia subtrate. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein said ceramic substrate is an alumina substrate. 11. The method of claim 4, wherein said porous metal substrate is made of a porous metal selected from the group consisting of sintered stainless steel and sintered Ni. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein said metal is a member selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, gold, silver, nickel and copper. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein said metal is palladium or silver. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein said metal is palladium. 15. The method of claim 6, wherein said metal is palladium, and said substrate is zirconia. 16. The method of claim 6, wherein said metal is palladium and said substrate is alumina. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to said flowing step, the process further comprises:cleaning the substrate; andsensitizing and activating the substrate. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein said cleaning step is performed by circulating a sodium hydroxide solution over the substrate, followed by circulating a hydrochloric acid solution over the substrate, followed by circulating deionized water over the substrate. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein said sensitizing and activating step is performed by circulating an acidic tin chloride solution over the substrate, followed by circulating an acidic solution of a salt of the metal to be plated over the substrate, followed by circulating deionized water over the substrate. 20. The method of claim 1, wherein said solution of metal to be plated comprises an aqueous solution of palladium chloride, ammonium hydroxide, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and hydrazine. 21. The method of claim 1, further comprising repeating said method to apply one or more additional layers of metal onto said substrate, wherein said one or more additional layers can be the same metal contained in said solution, or a different metal than that contained in said solution. 22. The method of claim 21, further comprising, after said one or more additional layers of metal have been applied to said substrate, alloying all metal layers to form an alloyed layer. 23. A method for producing a metal plated porous substrate, comprising:flowing a solution of metal to be plated over a first surface of a porous ceramic substrate andconcurrently applying a pressure of gas on a second surface of the porous ceramic substrate opposite to said first surface, such that said porous ceramic substrate separates the solution of metal from the gas. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein said porous ceramic substrate is a cylindrical ceramic substrate having an inner surface and an outer surface. 25. The method of claim 24, wherein said inner surface is said first surface and said outer surface is said second surface. 26. The method of claim 24, wherein said outer surface is said first surface and said inner surface is said second surface. 27. The method of claim 23, wherein said ceramic substrate is made of a ceramic material selected from the group consisting of zirconia, alumina and silica. 28. The method of claim 27, wherein said ceramic substrate is a zirconia subtrate. 29. The method of claim 27, wherein said ceramic substrate is an alumina substrate. 30. The method of claim 23, wherein said metal is a member selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, gold, silver, nickel and copper. 31. The method of claim 30, wherein said metal is palladium or silver. 32. The method of claim 31, wherein said metal is palladium. 33. The method of claim 23, wherein said metal is palladium, and said ceramic substrate is zirconia. 34. The method of claim 23, wherein said metal is palladium and said ceramic substrate is alumina. 35. The method of claim 23, wherein prior to said flowing step, the process further comprises:cleaning the ceramic substrate; andsensitizing and activating the ceramic substrate. 36. The method of claim 35, wherein said cleaning step is performed by circulating a sodium hydroxide solution over the ceramic substrate, followed by circulating a hydrochloric acid solution over the ceramic substrate, followed by circulating deionized water over the ceramic substrate. 37. The method of claim 35, wherein said sensitizing and activating step is performed by circulating an acidic tin chloride solution over the ceramic substrate, followed by circulating an acidic solution of a salt of the metal to be plated over the ceramic substrate, followed by circulating deionized water over the ceramic substrate. 38. The method of claim 23, wherein said solution of metal to be plated comprises an aqueous solution of palladium chloride, animonium hydroxide, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and hydrazine. 39. The method of claim 23, further comprising repeating said method to apply one or more additional layers of metal onto said ceramic substrate, wherein said one or more additional layers can be the same metal contained in said solution, or a different metal than that contained in said solution. 40. The method of claim 39, further comprising, after said one or more additional layers of metal have been applied to said ceramic substrate, alloying all metal layers to form an alloyed layer. 41. A method for producing a metal plated porous substrate, comprising:flowing a solution of metal to be plated over a first surface of a porous substrate, wherein said porous substrate is a cylindrical substrate having an inner surface and an outer surface andconcurrently applying a pressure of gas on a second surface of the porous substrate opposite to said first surface, such that said porous substrate separates the solution of metal from the gas. 42. The method of claim 41, wherein said porous substrate is a made of a material selected from the group consisting of ceramics and porous metals. 43. The method of claim 42, wherein said porous substrate is a ceramic substrate. 44. The method of claim 42, wherein said porous substrate is a porous metal substrate. 45. The method of claim 41, wherein said inner surface is said first surface and said outer surface is said second surface. 46. The method of claim 41, wherein said outer surface is said first surface and said inner surface is said second surface. 47. The method of claim 43, wherein said ceramic substrate is made of a ceramic material selected from the group consisting of zirconia, alumina and silica. 48. The method of claim 47, wherein said ceramic substrate is a zirconia subtrate. 49. The method of claim 47, wherein said ceramic substrate is an alumina substrate. 50. The method of claim 44, wherein said porous metal substrate is made of a porous metal selected from the group consisting of sintered stainless steel and sintered Ni. 51. The method of claim 41, wherein said metal is a member selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, gold, silver, nickel and copper. 52. The method of claim 51, wherein said metal is palladium or silver. 53. The method of claim 51, wherein said metal is palladium. 54. The method of claim 45, wherein said metal is palladium, and said substrate is zirconia. 55. The method of claim 45, wherein said metal is palladium and said substrate is alumina. 56. The method of claim 41, wherein prior to said flowing step, the process further comprises:cleaning the substrate; andsensitizing and activating the substrate. 57. The method of claim 56, wherein said cleaning step is performed by circulating a sodium hydroxide solution over the substrate, followed by circulating a hydrochloric acid solution over the substrate, followed by circulating deionized water over the substrate. 58. The method of claim 56, wherein said sensitizing and activating step is performed by circulating an acidic tin chloride solution over the substrate, followed by circulating an acidic solution of a salt of the metal to be plated over the substrate, followed by circulating deionized water over the substrate. 59. The method of claim 41, wherein said solution of metal to be plated comprises an aqueous solution of palladium chloride, ammonium hydroxide, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and hydrazine. 60. The method of claim 41, further comprising repeating said method to apply one or more additional layers of metal onto said substrate, wherein said one or more additional layers can be the same metal contained in said solution, or a different metal than that contained in said solution. 61. The method of claim 60, further comprising, after said one or more additional layers of metal have been applied to said substrate, alloying all metal layers to form an alloyed layer. 62. A method for producing a metal plated porous substrate, comprising:flowing a solution of metal to be plated over a first surface of a porous substrate, wherein said porous substrate comprises a layer of porous ceramic on a layer of porous metal andconcurrently applying a pressure of gas on a second surface of the porous substrate opposite to said first surface, such that said porous substrate separates the solution of metal from the gas. 63. The method of claim 62, wherein said porous substrate is a cylindrical substrate having an inner surface and an outer surface. 64. The method of claim 63, wherein said inner surface is said first surface and said outer surface is said second surface. 65. The method of claim 64, wherein said first surface is said layer of porous metal and said second surface is said porous ceramic. 66. The method of claim 64, wherein said first surface is said layer of porous ceramic and said second surface is said porous metal. 67. The method of claim 63, wherein said outer surface is said first surface and said inner surface is said second surface. 68. The method of claim 67, wherein said first surface is said layer of porous metal and said second surface is said porous ceramic. 69. The method of claim 67, wherein said first surface is said layer of porous ceramic and said second surface is said porous metal. 70. The method of claim 62, wherein said porous ceramic is made of a ceramic material selected from the group consisting of zirconia, alumina and silica. 71. The method of claim 62, wherein said porous metal is a member selected from the group consisting of sintered stainless steel and sintered Ni. 72. The method of claim 62, wherein said metal is a member selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, gold, silver, nickel and copper. 73. The method of claim 62, wherein prior to said flowing step, the process further comprises:cleaning the substrate; andsensitizing and activating the substrate.