Furnace having increased energy efficiency and reduced pollutant formation
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F27D-013/00
F23B-001/12
출원번호
US-0286224
(2002-10-31)
발명자
/ 주소
Atreya, Arvind
출원인 / 주소
The Regents of the University of Michigan
대리인 / 주소
Harness, Dickey & Pierce, P.L.C.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
4인용 특허 :
6
초록▼
A furnace design that combines the benefits of oxygen enriched combustion, intense flame radiation, highly preheated combustion air, exhaust gas recirculation, buoyancy driven flows and NO x reburn chemistry in a single unit to significantly reduce energy consumption and pollutant formation. The fu
A furnace design that combines the benefits of oxygen enriched combustion, intense flame radiation, highly preheated combustion air, exhaust gas recirculation, buoyancy driven flows and NO x reburn chemistry in a single unit to significantly reduce energy consumption and pollutant formation. The furnace also allows burning low calorie fuels and fuels of different types. It substantially increases the level of radiation heat transfer and its uniformity, thereby enhancing furnace productivity and provides an oxygen free atmosphere to prevent oxidation of materials being heated.
대표청구항▼
1. A furnace apparatus comprising:a housing;a combustion chamber disposed within said housing, said combustion chamber having a pilot flame;a fuel inlet passage in fluid communication with said combustion chamber, said fuel inlet passage being operable to selectively inject a fuel within said combus
1. A furnace apparatus comprising:a housing;a combustion chamber disposed within said housing, said combustion chamber having a pilot flame;a fuel inlet passage in fluid communication with said combustion chamber, said fuel inlet passage being operable to selectively inject a fuel within said combustion chamber;an air inlet passage in fluid communication with said combustion chamber, said air inlet passage being separate and spaced apart from said fuel inlet passage, said air inlet passage being operable to selectively inject air within said combustion chamber,wherein during steady state said fuel and said air fluidly mix with existing combustion products within said combustion chamber prior to combustion to produce a generally homogeneous mixture within a reaction zone to promote generally uniform radiation transfer; andan exhaust passage in fluid communication with said combustion chamber, said exhaust passage being positioned so as to maintain a predetermined thickness of said reaction zone. 2. The furnace apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:an intermediate member disposed generally horizontally along an upper portion of said combustion chamber, said fuel inlet passage and said air inlet passage being coupled to said intermediate member and directed downwardly. 3. The furnace apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said fuel inlet passage and said air inlet passage are disposed within said exhaust passage so as to promote preheating of said fuel and said air prior to injection into said combustion chamber. 4. The furnace apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said fuel inlet passage and said air inlet passage are directed so as to promote generally uniform flow mixing within said reaction zone. 5. The furnace apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:a secondary air inlet passage in fluid communication with said exhaust passage, said secondary air inlet passage being operable to selectively inject air within said exhaust passage to promote secondary combustion. 6. The furnace apparatus according to claim 1 wherein during steady state said reaction zone is free of oxygen. 7. The furnace apparatus according to claim 1 wherein steady state combustion within said reaction zone produces radiation generally greater than 250 kW/m 2 . 8. The furnace apparatus according to claim 7 wherein steady state combustion within said reaction zone produces radiation generally greater than 400 kW/m 2 . 9. A furnace apparatus comprising:a housing;a combustion chamber disposed within said housing, said combustion chamber having a pilot flame;a fuel inlet passage in fluid communication with said combustion chamber, said fuel inlet passage being operable to selectively inject a fuel within said combustion chamber;an air inlet passage in fluid communication with said combustion chamber said air inlet passage being separate and spaced apart from said fuel inlet passage, said air inlet passage being operable to selectively inject air within said combustion chamber,wherein during steady state said fuel and said air fluidly mix with existing combustion products within said combustion chamber prior to combustion to produce a generally homogeneous mixture within said combustion chamber to promote generally uniform radiation transfer, further comprising: an intermediate member disposed generally horizontally along an upper portion of said combustion chamber, said fuel inlet passage and said air inlet passage being coupled to said intermediate member and directed downwardly; an exhaust passage; an exhaust port extending between said combustion chamber and said exhaust passage to establish fluid communication between said combustion chamber and said exhaust passage, said exhaust port being spaced below said intermediate member to define a reaction zone, wherein said fuel inlet passage and said air inlet passage are disposed within said exhaust passage so as to promote preheating of said fuel and said air prior to injection into sai d combustion chamber,wherein said fuel and said air are preheated to a temperature greater than their respective autoignition temperature. 10. A furnace apparatus comprising:a housing;a combustion chamber disposed within said housing, said combustion chamber having a pilot flame;a fuel inlet passage in fluid communication with said combustion chamber, said fuel inlet passage being operable to selectively inject a fuel within said combustion chamber;an air inlet passage in fluid communication with said combustion chamber, said air inlet passage being separate and spaced apart from said fuel inlet passage, said air inlet passage being operable to selectively inject air within said combustion chamber,wherein during steady state said fuel and said air fluidly mix with existing combustion products within said combustion chamber prior to combustion to produce a generally homogeneous mixture within said combustion chamber to promote generally uniform radiation transfer;an intermediate member disposed generally horizontally along an upper portion of said combustion chamber, said fuel inlet passage and said air inlet passage being coupled to said intermediate member and directed downwardly;a first weir wall extending from said intermediate member a first length; anda second weir wall extending from said intermediate member, said second wall have a second length. 11. The furnace apparatus according to claim 10 wherein said second length is shorter than said first length. 12. A furnace apparatus comprising:a housing having a top section, a bottom section, and at least one side wall interconnecting said top section, and said bottom section to define a volume;an intermediate member disposed along an upper portion of said volume;a fuel inlet passage coupled to said intermediate member and directed generally downwardly, said fuel inlet passage being operable to selectively inject a fuel within said volume; andan air inlet passage fluidly coupled to said intermediate member and directed generally downwardly, said air inlet passage being separate and spaced apart from said fuel inlet passage, said air inlet passage being operable to selectively inject air within said volume, said fuel and said air mixing to define a reaction zone upon exposure to ignition; andan exhaust passage in fluid communication with said volume, said exhaust passage being positioned so as to maintain a predetermined thickness of said reaction zone. 13. The furnace apparatus according to claim 12 wherein said intermediate member is disposed generally horizontally along an upper portion of said volume. 14. The furnace apparatus according to claim 12 wherein said fuel inlet passage and said air inlet passage are disposed within said exhaust passage so as to promote preheating of said fuel and said air prior to injection into said volume. 15. A furnace apparatus comprising:a housing having a top section, a bottom section, and at least one side wall interconnecting said top section and said bottom section to define a volume;an intermediate member disposed along an upper portion of said volume;a fuel inlet passage coupled to said intermediate member and directed generally downwardly, said fuel inlet passage being operable to selectively inject a fuel within said volume; andan air inlet passage fluidly coupled to said intermediate member and directed generally downwardly, said air inlet passage being separate and spaced wart from said fuel inlet passage, said air inlet passage being operable to selectively inject air within said volume, further comprising: an exhaust passage; an exhaust port extending between said volume and said exhaust passage to establish fluid communication between said volume and said exhaust passage, said exhaust port being spaced below said intermediate member to define a reaction zone, wherein said fuel inlet passage and said air inlet passage are disposed within said exhaust passage so as to promote preheating of said fuel and said air prior to injecti on into said volume,wherein said fuel and said air are preheated to a temperature greater than their respective autoignition temperature. 16. The furnace apparatus according to claim 12 wherein said fuel inlet passage and said air inlet passage are directed so as to promote generally uniform flow mixing within said reaction zone. 17. The furnace apparatus according to claim 12 further comprising:a secondary air inlet passage in fluid communication with said exhaust passage, said secondary air inlet passage being operable to selectively inject air within said exhaust passage to promote secondary combustion. 18. The furnace apparatus according to claim 12 wherein during steady state said reaction zone is free of oxygen. 19. The furnace apparatus according to claim 12 wherein steady state combustion within said reaction zone produces radiation generally greater than 250 kW/m 2 . 20. The furnace apparatus according to claim 19 wherein steady state combustion within said reaction zone produces radiation generally greater than 400 kW/m 2 . 21. A furnace apparatus comprising:a housing having a top section, a bottom section, and at least one side wall interconnecting said top section and said bottom section to define a volume;an intermediate member disposed along an upper portion of said volume;a fuel inlet passage coupled to said intermediate member and directed generally downwardly, said fuel inlet passage being operable to selectively inject a fuel within said volume;an air inlet passage fluidly coupled to said intermediate member and directed generally downwardly, said air inlet passage being separate and spaced wart from said fuel inlet passage, said air inlet passage being operable to selectively inject air within said volume;a first weir wall extending from said intermediate member a first length; anda second weir wall extending from said intermediate member, said second wall have a second length. 22. The furnace apparatus according to claim 21 wherein said second length is shorter than said first length. 23. A furnace apparatus comprising:a housing having a top section, a bottom section, and at least one side wall interconnecting said top section and said bottom section to define a volume;an intermediate member disposed generally horizontally along an upper portion of said volume, said intermediate member being offset from said top section;an exhaust passage disposed along at least a portion of said side wall, between said top section and said intermediate member, and out an exhaust stack;an exhaust port extending between said volume and said exhaust passage to establish fluid communication between said volume and said exhaust passage, said exhaust port being spaced below said intermediate member to define a reaction zone;a fuel inlet passage coupled to said intermediate member and directed generally downwardly, said fuel inlet passage being operable to selectively inject a fuel within said reaction zone; andan air inlet passage fluidly coupled to said intermediate member and directed generally downwardly, said air inlet passage being separate and spaced apart from said fuel inlet passage, said air inlet passage being operable to selectively inject air within said reaction zone. 24. The furnace apparatus according to claim 23 wherein said fuel inlet passage and said air inlet passage extend within said exhaust passage so as to promote preheating of said fuel and said air prior to injection into said volume. 25. The furnace apparatus according to claim 24 wherein said fuel and said air are preheated to a temperature greater than their respective autoignition temperature. 26. The furnace apparatus according to claim 23 wherein said fuel inlet passage and said air inlet passage are directed so as to promote generally uniform flow mixing within said reaction zone. 27. The furnace apparatus according to claim 23, further comprising:a secondary air inlet passage in fluid communication with said exhaust passage, said secondary air inlet passage being operable to selectively inject air within said exhaust passage to promote secondary combustion. 28. The furnace apparatus according to claim 23 wherein during steady state said reaction zone is free of oxygen. 29. The furnace apparatus according to claim 23 wherein steady state combustion within said reaction zone produces radiation generally greater than 250 kW/m 2 . 30. The furnace apparatus according to claim 29 wherein steady state combustion within said reaction zone produces radiation generally greater than 400 kW/m 2 . 31. The furnace apparatus according to claim 23, further comprising:a first weir wall extending from said intermediate member a first length; anda second weir wall extending from said intermediate member, said second wall have a second length. 32. The furnace apparatus according to claim 31 wherein said second length is shorter than said first length. 33. A method of using a furnace comprising:providing a housing having a ceiling and defining a first volume;separately injecting combustion air and fuel into said first volume;mixing said combustion air and said fuel with existing combustion products within said first volume; andigniting said mixture of said combustion air, said fuel, and said existing combustion products to define a first reaction zone; andexhausting combustion products through an exhaust passage once a predetermined thickness of said first reaction zone is achieved. 34. The method according to claim 33, further comprising:permitting said combustion products to flow to a second volume, said second volume defining a second reaction zone. 35. The method according to claim 34 wherein said second reaction zone defines a volume that is smaller than a volume of said first reaction zone. 36. The method according to claim 33 wherein said first reaction zone is generally oxygen free during steady state operation. 37. The method according to claim 33, further comprising:injecting combustion air into said exhaust passage to promote secondary combustion of said combustion products. 38. The method according to claim 33, further comprising:preheating said combustion air and said fuel prior to injecting into said first volume. 39. The method according to claim 33 wherein steady state combustion within said first reaction zone produces radiation generally greater than 250 kW/m 2 . 40. The method according to claim 33 wherein steady state combustion within said first reaction zone produces radiation generally greater than 400 kW/m 2 .
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (6)
Besik Ferdinand K. (2562 Oshkin Crt. Mississauga ; Ontario CAX L5N 3Z3 ), Burner for low Nox multistage combustion of fuel with preheated combustion air.
Malavasi, Massimo; Rossetti, Edoardo, High-efficiency combustors with reduced environmental impact and processes for power generation derivable therefrom.
Goff, Stephen P.; White, Mark L.; Deduck, Stephen G.; Clark, John D.; Bradley, Christopher A.; Barker, Robert L.; Semanyshyn, Zenon, Tertiary air addition to solid waste-fired furnaces for NOx control.
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