초록 ▼

A catalyst composition and method for oxidizing fuels is disclosed. The catalyst composition comprises at least one compound having one of a group III, group IIA or Lanthanide element such as, for example, Aluminum, Magnesium or Cesium, and at least one compound having at least one element selected

A catalyst composition and method for oxidizing fuels is disclosed. The catalyst composition comprises at least one compound having one of a group III, group IIA or Lanthanide element such as, for example, Aluminum, Magnesium or Cesium, and at least one compound having at least one element selected from group IA, group IVA, group VI, group VII, group VIII, group IB, group IIB, and combinations thereof, such as, for example platinum, rhodium and rhenium. A method for oxidizing an fuel, the method comprising providing a fuel and a catalyst mixture; transporting the fuel and the catalyst to the flame zone separately; mixing the fuel and the catalyst; and oxidizing the fuel. The method and catalyst mixture may be used for oxidation of any hydrocarbon based fuel. Improved results from the use of the group III, group IIA or Lanthanide group element include increased power, reduced harmful emissions, and smoother oxidation process.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A method for oxidizing a fuel, comprising:providing a catalyst mixture including at least a concentration of at least about 0.07 mg/ml of Al as AlCl 3 , and a concentration of at least about 0.1 mg/ml of Re as perrhenic acid, a concentration of at least about 0.07 mg/ml of Rh as RhCl 3 , a conc

1. A method for oxidizing a fuel, comprising:providing a catalyst mixture including at least a concentration of at least about 0.07 mg/ml of Al as AlCl 3 , and a concentration of at least about 0.1 mg/ml of Re as perrhenic acid, a concentration of at least about 0.07 mg/ml of Rh as RhCl 3 , a concentration of at least about 0.28 mg/ml of Pt as H 2 PtCl 6 H 2 O;mixing a portion of the catalyst mixture with combustion air prior to mixing the catalyst mixture with a fuel to be oxidized; andoxidizing the fuel. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising adding a liquid to the catalyst mixture before mixing it with the combustion air. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the liquid comprises one or more liquids selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol and water. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the liquid further comprises lithium chloride. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein the liquid further comprises a surfactant. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising sparging a gas through the catalyst mixture to generate fluidized catalyst particles to mix with the combustion air. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising ionizing the sparging gas prior to sparging it through the catalyst mixture. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein the sparging gas is selected from the group consisting of air, helium, nitrogen, argon, and combinations thereof. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the catalyst mixture further comprises one or more of manganese, iron, magnesium and molybdenum. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein oxidizing the fuel comprises oxidizing the fuel in an open flame. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein oxidizing the fuel comprises oxidizing the fuel in an enclosed flame. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein oxidizing the fuel comprises oxidizing gasoline. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein oxidizing the fuel comprises oxidizing diesel fuel. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein oxidizing the fuel comprises oxidizing a fuel selected from the group consisting of number 2 fuel oil, fuel oil refined from crude oil, diesel fuel, gasoline, compressed or liquified natural gas, gasohol, any hydrocarbon having one or more carbon atoms such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, isobutane, toluene, xylene, octane, benzene, mixtures of alcohols having methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, pentanol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol and combinations thereof, vegetable oil such as corn oil, mineral oil, coal, coal gas, asphalt vapor, oxidizable vapors from chemical processes, wood, paper and combinations thereof. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein oxidizing the fuel comprises oxidizing within a combustion chamber of a reciprocating engine selected from the group consisting of a gasoline fuel engine and a diesel fuel engine. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein oxidizing the fuel comprises oxidizing the fuel within a combustion chamber of a reciprocating engine, wherein the fuel is selected from the group consisting of number 2 fuel oil, fuel oil refined from crude oil, diesel fuel, gasoline, compressed or liquified natural gas, gasohol, any hydrocarbon having one or more carbon atoms such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, isobutane, toluene, xylene, octane, benzene, mixtures of alcohols having methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, pentanol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol and combinations thereof, vegetable oil such as corn oil, mineral oil, coal, coal gas, asphalt vapor, oxidizable vapors from chemical processes, wood, paper and combinations thereof. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein oxidizing the fuel comprises oxidizing within a flame zone of an apparatus selected from the group consisting of a furnace, a boiler and an incinerator. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein oxidizing the fuel further comprises oxidizing within an apparatus selected from the group consisting of an incinerator, a vent gas burner, a furnace, a steam turbine and combinations thereof. 19. The method of claim 1, wherein pr oviding the catalyst mixture further comprises providing the catalyst mixture having a pH of less than about 4.0. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein providing the catalyst mixture further comprises providing the catalyst mixture having a pH of between about 1.4 and about 3.0. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein providing the catalyst mixture further comprises providing the catalyst mixture having a pH of between about 1.6 and about 2.2. 22. The method of claim 1, wherein the catalyst mixture further comprises a surfactant. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the ratio of Pt to Rh in the mixture is about 8.6 to 1, the ratio of Pt to Re in the mixture is about 6 to 1, and the ratio of Pt to Al in the mixture is about 8.6 to 1. 24. The method of claim 1, wherein mixing a portion of the catalyst with the combustion air comprises transporting the catalyst particles to a combustion air intake to the flame zone and mixing the catalyst with the combustion air within the air intake. 25. The method of claim 1, wherein a ratio of Pt to Rh in the mixture is between about 15 to 1 and about 4 to 1, a ratio of Pt to Re in the mixture is between about 15 to 1 and about 2 to 1, and a ratio of Pt to Al in the mixture is between about 15 to 1 and about 2 to 1. 26. A method for oxidizing a fuel, comprising:providing a catalyst mixture including at least a concentration of at least about 0.07 mg/ml of Mg as MgCl 2 , and a concentration of at least about 0.1 mg/ml of Re as perrhenic acid, a concentration of at least about 0.07 mg/ml of Rh as RhCl 3 , a concentration of at least about 0.28 mg/ml of Pt as H 2 PtCl 6 .6H 2 O, and combinations thereof;mixing a portion of the catalyst mixture with combustion air prior to mixing the catalyst mixture with a fuel to be oxidized; andoxidizing the fuel. 27. The method of claim 26, further comprising adding a liquid to the catalyst mixture before mixing it with the combustion air. 28. The method of claim 27, wherein the liquid comprises one or more liquids selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol and water. 29. The method of claim 28, wherein the liquid further comprises lithium chloride. 30. The method of claim 27, wherein the liquid further comprises a surfactant. 31. The method of claim 26, further comprising sparging a gas through the catalyst mixture to generate fluidized catalyst particles to mix with the combustion air. 32. The method of claim 31, further comprising ionizing the sparging gas prior to sparging it through the catalyst mixture. 33. The method of claim 31, wherein the sparging gas is selected from the group consisting of air, helium, nitrogen, argon, and combinations thereof. 34. The method of claim 26, wherein the catalyst mixture further comprises one or more of manganese, iron, and molybdenum. 35. The method of claim 26, wherein oxidizing the fuel comprises oxidizing the fuel in an open flame. 36. The method of claim 26, wherein oxidizing the fuel comprises oxidizing the fuel in an enclosed flame. 37. The method of claim 26, wherein oxidizing the fuel comprises oxidizing gasoline. 38. The method of claim 26, wherein oxidizing the fuel comprises oxidizing diesel fuel. 39. The method of claim 26, wherein oxidizing the fuel comprises oxidizing a fuel selected from the group consisting of number 2 fuel oil, fuel oil refined from crude oil, diesel fuel, gasoline, compressed or liquified natural gas, gasohol, any hydrocarbon having one or more carbon atoms such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, isobutane, toluene, xylene, octane, benzene, mixtures of alcohols having methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, pentanol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol and combinations thereof, vegetable oil such as corn oil, mineral oil, coal, coal gas, asphalt vapor, oxidizable vapors from chemical processes, wood, paper and combinations thereof. 40. The method of claim 26, wherein oxidizing the fuel comprises oxidizing within a combustion chamber of a reciprocating engine selected from the group consisting of a gasoline fuel engine and a diesel fuel engine. 41. The method of claim 26, wherein oxidizing the fuel comprises oxidizing the fuel within a combustion chamber of a reciprocating engine, wherein the fuel is selected from the group consisting of number 2 fuel oil, fuel oil refined from crude oil, diesel fuel, gasoline, compressed or liquified natural gas, gasohol, any hydrocarbon having one or more carbon atoms such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, isobutane, toluene, xylene, octane, benzene, mixtures of alcohols having methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, pentanol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol and combinations thereof, vegetable oil such as corn oil, mineral oil, coal, coal gas, asphalt vapor, oxidizable vapors from chemical processes, wood, paper and combinations thereof. 42. The method of claim 26, wherein oxidizing the fuel comprises oxidizing within a flame zone of an apparatus selected from the group consisting of a furnace, a boiler and an incinerator. 43. The method of claim 26, wherein oxidizing the fuel further comprises oxidizing within an apparatus selected from the group consisting of an incinerator, a vent gas burner, a furnace, a steam turbine and combinations thereof. 44. The method of claim 26, wherein providing the catalyst mixture further comprises providing the catalyst mixture having a pH of less than about 4.0. 45. The method of claim 44, wherein providing the catalyst mixture further comprises providing the catalyst mixture having a pH of between about 1.4 and about 3.0. 46. The method of claim 45, wherein providing the catalyst mixture further comprises providing the catalyst mixture having a pH of between about 1.6 and about 2.2. 47. The method of claim 26, wherein the catalyst mixture further comprises a surfactant. 48. The method of claim 47, wherein the ratio of Pt to Rh in the mixture is about 8.6 to 1, the ratio of Pt to Re in the mixture is about 6 to 1, and the ratio of Pt to Mg in the mixture is about 8.6 to 1. 49. The method of claim 26, wherein mixing a portion of the catalyst with the combustion air comprises transporting the catalyst particles to a combustion air intake to the flame zone and mixing the catalyst with the combustion air within the air intake. 50. The method of claim 26, wherein a ratio of Pt to Rh in the mixture is between about 15 to 1 and about 4 to 1, a ratio of Pt to Re in the mixture is between about 15 to 1 and about 2 to 1, and a ratio of Pt to Mg in the mixture is between about 15 to 1 and about 2 to 1.