초록 ▼

In a process for producing elemental sulfur by combustion of hydrogen sulfide or a hydrogen-sulfide-containing gas, in particular a Claus process, the hydrogen sulfide or the hydrogen-sulfide-containing gas undergoes partial combustion by using a first device in the form of a burner to which usually

In a process for producing elemental sulfur by combustion of hydrogen sulfide or a hydrogen-sulfide-containing gas, in particular a Claus process, the hydrogen sulfide or the hydrogen-sulfide-containing gas undergoes partial combustion by using a first device in the form of a burner to which usually air is added as an oxidizing agent and which is connected to the combustion chamber. The hydrogen sulfide or the hydrogen-sulfide-containing gas undergoes further combustion by means of a second device in form of at least one nozzle which is also connected to the combustion chamber and through which oxygen or an oxygen containing gas is fed into the combustion chamber, as a result of which the hydrogen sulfide or the hydrogen-sulfide-containing gas is subjected to afterburning and is then fed to a waste-heat boiler and thereafter to one or more reactors.

대표청구항 ▼

1. In a process for producing elemental sulfur by combustion of hydrogen sulfide or a hydrogen sulfide-containing gas in a combustion whereby the hydrogen sulfide or the hydrogen sulfide-containing gas is treated by partially combusting with addition of air as the oxidation medium, subjecting the pa

1. In a process for producing elemental sulfur by combustion of hydrogen sulfide or a hydrogen sulfide-containing gas in a combustion whereby the hydrogen sulfide or the hydrogen sulfide-containing gas is treated by partially combusting with addition of air as the oxidation medium, subjecting the partially combusted hydrogen sulfide or hydrogen sulfide-containing gas to afterburning by adding an oxygen-containing gas to the partially combusted gas, and feeding the reaction gas mixture to a waste-heat boiler and thereafter to one or more catalytic reactors, characterized in that an afterburning zone is intergrated into the combustion reactor located downstream and separate from a burner by feeding the oxygen-containing gas directly into the combustion reactor by a multiplicity of individual nozzles, and feeding the oxygen-containing gas into the combustion reactor at an intake velocity in the range between Mach number 0.4 and 2. 2. The process as claimed in claim 1, in which the oxygen-containing gas has a concentration of 80% by volume to 100% by volume of oxygen. 3. The process as claimed in one of claim 1, in which the intake velocity of the oxygen-containing gas into the combustion reactor is in the range of a Mach number between 0.4 and 2, as a result of which the mixing between the oxygen containing gas, the combustion air and the hydrogen-sulfide-containing process gas is increased. 4. The process as claimed in claim 1, in which the air combusts the fuel in the burner to form a flame which enters into the combustion reactor in a flowing direction and the oxygen-containing gas enters into the combustion reactor at an angle of 45° to 90° inpinged against said flowing direction. 5. The process as claimed in claim 4, in which, in the case of a process having swirl of the main flame in the combustion reactor, a swirl flow of the oxygen-containing gas is produced which impinges against the swirl of the main flame. 6. The process as claimed in claim 1, in which the entry point of the oxygen-containing gas into the combustion chamber is cooled and is protected against sulfur diffusing in. 7. The process as claimed in claim 6, in which, for cooling and protecting, a protecting gas is fed to the combustion reactor in the region of the point of entry of the oxygen-containing gas into the combustion reactor. 8. The process as claimed in claim 6, in which air, nitrogen or carbon dioxide is used as the protecting gas. 9. The process as claimed in claim 7, in which the intake velocity of the protective gas into the combustion chamber is at least Mach number 0.2, as a result of which the turbulent mixture between the oxygen containing gas, the combustion air and the hydrogen-sulfide-containing process gas is additionally increased. 10. The process as claimed in claim 1, in which the rate of oxygen fed is controlled in accordance with the stoichiometry of a Claus reaction in such a manner that the oxygen and the combustion air react completely with hydrogen sulfide and the other combustible gases so that no excess oxygen is present downstream of the combustion chamber. 11. The process as claimed in claim 1, in which the rate of oxygen fed is controlled in accordance with the stoichiometry of a Claus reaction in such a manner that the maximum temperatures in the burner is 2500 C. and that the maximum temperature in the combustor is 12000 C. and the maximum temperature in the combustion reactor is 15000 C., so that the heat transfer to the combustion reactor wall is minimized and the maximum temperature in the waste-heat boiler is 6700 C. 12. The process as claimed in claim 1, in which the concentration of oxygen in the oxygen-containing gas (equivalent oxygen concentration) is between 21 and 40% by volume. 13. The process as claimed in claim 1, in which the concentration of the hydrogen sulfide in the feed gas is at least 20% by volume. 14. An apparatus for producing elemental sulfur by combustion of hydrogen sulfide or a hydro gen sulfide-containing gas, comprising a combustion reactor to which a burner is fixed in which the hydrogen sulfide or the hydrogen sulfide-containing gas is partially combusted with addition of air, a waste-heat boiler and one or more catalytic reactors, characterized in that a multiplicity of nozzles are directly fixed to the combustion reactor downstream from the burner, through which an oxygen-containing gas is fed into the combustion reactor, as a result of which the hydrogen sulfide or the hydrogen sulfide-containing gas is subjected to afterburning. 15. An apparatus as claimed in claim 14, in which the nozzles, in the installed state, are arranged flush or recessed in the refractory brick lining of the combustion reactor. 16. The apparatus as claimed in claim 14, in which in the case of a process having a swirled main flame in the combustion reactor the nozzle is installed tangentially at a distance from the center of the combustion reactor which corresponds to 0.25 times the diameter of the combustion reactor, so that a swirl flow of the oxygen or oxygen-containing gas is produced which is impingesd against the swirl of the main flame. 17. The apparatus as claimed in claim 14, in which a ring-gap nozzle is arranged around the nozzles for blowing in the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gas, through which ring-gap nozzle a protective gas is additionally blown in. 18. The apparatus as claimed in claim 14, in which the multiplicity of nozzles are symmetrically installed in the combustion reactor wall.