IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0361514
(2003-02-06)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
|
출원인 / 주소 |
|
대리인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
7 인용 특허 :
12 |
초록
▼
An anaerobic digester for digesting a slurry of organic waste comprising: a tank having an outer side wall and a lower inner wall, a first radiant heating floor between the outer wall and a first side of the inner wall forming a first chamber and a second radiant heating floor between the outer wall
An anaerobic digester for digesting a slurry of organic waste comprising: a tank having an outer side wall and a lower inner wall, a first radiant heating floor between the outer wall and a first side of the inner wall forming a first chamber and a second radiant heating floor between the outer wall and a second and opposite side of the inner wall forming a second chamber, an inlet pipe for delivering the slurry to a lower portion of the first chamber and a outlet pipe for removing digested slurry from a lower portion of the second chamber, the slurry maintained at a depth that is greater than a height of the inner wall; and a gas collection chamber sealed to the tank along the length of the upper surface of the outer wall.
대표청구항
▼
1. An anaerobic digester for digesting a slurry of organic waste comprising:a tank having a vertical outer side wall and a vertical lower inner wall, said outer wall and inner wall each having a top surface, a first radiant heating floor between said outer wall and a first side of said inner wall fo
1. An anaerobic digester for digesting a slurry of organic waste comprising:a tank having a vertical outer side wall and a vertical lower inner wall, said outer wall and inner wall each having a top surface, a first radiant heating floor between said outer wall and a first side of said inner wall forming a first chamber and a second radiant heating floor between said outer wall and a second and opposite side of said inner wall forming a second chamber, said first radiant heating floor maintaining said slurry in said first chamber at a first temperature and said second radiant heating floor maintaining said slurry in said second chamber at a second temperature;an inlet pipe for delivering said slurry to a lower portion of said first chamber and a outlet pipe for removing digested slurry from a lower portion of said second chamber, said slurry maintained at a depth that is greater than a height of said inner wall; anda gas collection chamber sealed to said tank along the length of said upper surface of said outer wall. 2. The anaerobic digester of claim 1, wherein said inlet and outlet pipes extend into said tank at angles of between about 30° and 90° relative to said outer wall. 3. The anaerobic digester of claim 1, wherein said gas collection chamber floats in a liquid filled slot formed in and along the entire length of said top surface of said outer wall. 4. The anaerobic digester of claim 1, wherein said outer wall is circular, said gas collection chamber is circular and said gas collection chamber is rotatable in said slot. 5. The anaerobic digester of claim 1, further including means attached to said gas collection chamber and extending into a topmost portion of said slurry for breaking up crust formed on said slurry when said gas collection chamber is rotated. 6. The anaerobic digester of claim 1, further including:first mixing eductors adapted to mix said slurry in said first chamber, said first mixing eductors located in a lower portion of said first chamber adjacent to said outer wall and said first radiant floor and pointing at said inner wall, said first mixing eductors supplied with slurry pumped from an upper region of said first chamber; andsecond mixing eductors adapted to mix said slurry in said second chamber, said second mixing eductors located in a lower portion of said second chamber adjacent to said outer wall and said second radiant floor and pointing at said inner wall, said second mixing eductors supplied with slurry pumped from an upper region of said second chamber. 7. The anaerobic digester of claim 1, further including:first sweeping eductors adapted to sweep sediment and said slurry adjacent to said first radiant floor, said first sweeping eductors located in a lower portion of said first chamber adjacent to said outer wall and said first radiant floor and pointing at said inner wall, said first sweeping eductors supplied with slurry pumped from an upper region of said first chamber; andsecond sweeping eductors adapted to sweep sediment and said slurry adjacent to said second radiant floor, said second sweeping eductors located in a lower portion of said second chamber adjacent to said outer wall and said second radiant floor and pointing at said inner wall, said second sweeping eductors supplied with slurry pumped from an upper region of said second chamber. 8. The anaerobic digester of claim 1, wherein said second chamber includes filaments immersed in said slurry for colonization by bacteria capable of anaerobically digesting said slurry. 9. The anaerobic digester of claim 8, wherein said filaments are connected to said sidewall or both said sidewall and said inner wall. 10. The anaerobic digester of claim 8, wherein said filaments are orientated about parallel to said second radiant floor. 11. The anaerobic digester of claim 8, wherein said filaments are all orientated in the same direction. 12. The anaerobic digester of claim 8, wherein said filaments are not all orientated in the s ame direction. 13. The anaerobic digester of claim 8, wherein said filaments are contained in a rack suspended in said second chamber. 14. The anaerobic digester of claim 8, wherein said filaments comprise material selected from the group consisting of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene co-polymer, polyvinyl chloride, other plastics, wood and bamboo. 15. The anaerobic digester of claim 8, wherein said filaments comprise a fine wire, plastic or fiberglass mesh. 16. The anaerobic digester of claim 8, wherein said filaments are square, rectangular, circular, ellipsoidal or polygonal in cross-section. 17. The anaerobic digester of claim 1, wherein a said first temperature exceeds said second temperature. 18. The anaerobic digester of claim 1, wherein said first temperature is in a temperature range that optimizes a digestion rate of said slurry by a first type of bacteria and wherein a production rate of methane is increased by maintaining said second temperature within a temperature range that optimizes a production rate of said methane produced by a second type of bacteria. 19. A method for digesting a slurry of organic waste comprising:providing a tank having a vertical outer side wall and a vertical lower inner wall, said outer wall and inner wall each having a top surface, a first radiant heating floor between said outer wall and a first side of said inner wall forming a first chamber and a second radiant heating floor between said outer wall and a second and opposite side of said inner wall forming a second chamber, said first radiant heating floor maintaining said slurry in said first chamber at a first temperature and said second radiant heating floor maintaining said slurry in said second chamber at a second temperature;delivering said slurry to an inlet pipe extending into a lower portion of said first chamber;maintaining said slurry at a depth greater than a height of said inner wall;removing digested slurry through an outlet pipe extending into a lower portion of said second chamber; andcollecting biogas in a gas collection chamber sealed to said tank along the length of said upper surface of said outer wall. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein said inlet and outlet pipes extend into said tank at angles of between about 30° and 90° relative to said outer wall. 21. The method of claim 19, wherein said gas collection chamber floats in a liquid filled slot formed in and along the entire length of said top surface of said outer wall. 22. The method of claim 19, further comprising rotating said gas collection chamber in said slot in order to break up crust formed on said slurry by means attached to said gas collection chamber and extending into a topmost portion of said slurry. 23. The method of claim 19, further comprising:providing first mixing eductors adapted to mix said slurry in said first chamber, said first mixing eductors located in a lower portion of said first chamber adjacent to said outer wall and said first radiant floor and pointing at said inner wall, said first mixing eductors supplied with slurry pumped from an upper region of said first chamber;providing second mixing eductors adapted to mix said slurry in said second chamber, said second mixing eductors located in a lower portion of said second chamber adjacent to said outer wall and said second radiant floor and pointing at said inner wall, said second mixing eductors supplied with slurry pumped from an upper region of said second chamber;periodically mixing said slurry in said first chamber with said first mixing eductors; andperiodically mixing said slurry in said second chamber with said second mixing eductors. 24. The method of claim 19, further comprising:providing first sweeping eductors adapted to sweep sediment and said slurry adjacent to said first radiant floor, said first sweeping eductors located in a lower portion of said first chamber adjacent to said outer wall and said first radiant floor and pointing at said inner wall, said firs t sweeping eductors supplied with slurry pumped from an upper region of said first chamber;providing second sweeping eductors adapted to sweep sediment and said slurry adjacent to said second radiant floor, said second sweeping eductors located in a lower portion of said second chamber adjacent to said outer wall and said second radiant floor and pointing at said inner wall, said second sweeping eductors supplied with slurry pumped from an upper region of said second chamber;periodically sweeping said sediment and said slurry in said first chamber with said first sweeping eductors; andperiodically sweeping said sediment and said slurry in said second chamber with said second sweeping eductors. 25. The method of claim 19, further including providing filaments for colonization by bacteria capable of anaerobically digesting said slurry, said filaments immersed in said slurry in said second chamber. 26. The method of claim 25, wherein said filaments are connected to said sidewall or to both said sidewall and said inner wall. 27. The method of claim 25, wherein said filaments are orientated about parallel to said second radiant floor. 28. The method of claim 25, wherein said filaments are all orientated in the same direction. 29. The method of claim 25, wherein said filaments are not all orientated in the same direction. 30. The method of claim 25, wherein said filaments contained in a rack suspended in said second chamber. 31. The method of claim 25, wherein said filaments comprise material selected from the group consisting of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene co-polymer, polyvinyl chloride, other plastics, wood and bamboo. 32. The method of claim 25, wherein said filaments comprise a fine wire, plastic or fiberglass mesh. 33. The method of claim 25, wherein said filaments are square, rectangular, circular, ellipsoidal or polygonal in cross-section. 34. The method of claim 19, wherein said first temperature exceeds said second temperature. 35. The method of claim 19, said first temperature is in a temperature range that optimizes a digestion rate of said slurry by a first type of bacteria and wherein a production rate of methane is increased by maintaining said second temperature within a temperature that optimizes a production rate of said methane produced by a second type of bacteria. 36. The method of claim 19, wherein said first temperature is maintained at a temperature between about 70° F. to 120° F. and said second temperature is maintained at a temperature of between about 65° F. to 115° F. 37. The method of claim 19, wherein said second temperature is between about 5° F. to 10° F. cooler than said first temperature. 38. The method of claim 19, further including preheating said slurry before introducing said slurry into said first chamber. 39. A system for digesting a slurry of organic waste comprising:(a) a preheat tank for preheating said slurry before introducing said slurry to a digester;(b) said digester comprising:a tank having a vertical outer side wall and a vertical lower inner wall, said outer wall and inner wall each having a top surface, a first radiant heating floor between said outer wall and a first side of said inner wall forming a first chamber and a second radiant heating floor between said outer wall and a second and opposite side of said inner wall forming a second chamber, said first radiant heating floor maintaining said slurry in said first chamber at a first temperature and said second radiant heating floor maintaining said slurry in said second chamber at a second temperature;an inlet pipe for delivering said slurry to a lower portion of said first chamber and a outlet pipe for removing digested slurry from a lower portion of said second chamber, said slurry maintained at a depth that is greater than a height of said inner wall; anda gas collection chamber for collecting gas, said gas collection chamber sealed to said tank along the length of said upper surface of said outer wall;(c) an engine coupled to a generator, said engine generating heat by burning said gas collected in said gas collection chamber and driving said generator in order to generate electricity; and(d) a heat exchanger for taking said heat generated by said engine, heating a fluid with said heat and supplying said heated fluid to said preheat tank and said first and second radiant floors. 40. The system of claim 39, further including a filter for filtering said slurry prior to slurry entering said preheat tank. 41. The system of claim 39, further including a solid separator for separating solids from liquids in digested slurry after said digested slurry is removed from said digester, said digested slurry having been formed by digestion of said slurry by said digestor. 42. The system of claim 39, wherein said inlet and outlet pipes extend intosaid tank at angles of between about 30° and 60° relative to said outer wall. 43. The system of claim 39, wherein said gas collection chamber smooths changes in gas pressure in said gas collection chamber by floating in a liquid filled slot formed in and along the entire length of said top surface of said outer wall and said gas collection chamber is free to move along a centrally located vertical axis of said tank while floating in said liquid in said slot. 44. The system of claim 39, wherein said gas collection chamber is rotatable in said slot. 45. The system of claim 39, wherein said digester further includes means attached to said gas collection chamber and extending into a topmost portion of said slurry for breaking up crust formed on said slurry when said top is rotated. 46. The system of claim 39, wherein said digester further includes:first mixing eductors adapted to mix said slurry in said first chamber, said first mixing eductors located in a lower portion of said first chamber adjacent to said outer wall and said first radiant floor and pointing at said inner wall, said first mixing eductors supplied with slurry pumped from an upper region of said first chamber; andsecond mixing eductors adapted to mix said slurry in said second chamber, said second mixing eductors located in a lower portion of said second chamber adjacent to said outer wall and said second radiant floor and pointing at said inner wall, said second mixing eductors supplied with slurry pumped from an upper region of said second chamber. 47. The system of claim 39, wherein said digester further includes:first sweeping eductors adapted to sweep sediment and said slurry adjacent to said first radiant floor, said first sweeping eductors located in a lower portion of said first chamber adjacent to said outer wall and said first radiant floor and pointing at said inner wall, said first sweeping eductors supplied with slurry pumped from an upper region of said first chamber; andsecond sweeping eductors adapted to sweep sediment and said slurry adjacent to said second radiant floor, said second sweeping eductors located in a lower portion of said second chamber adjacent to said outer wall and said second radiant floor and pointing at said inner wall, said second sweeping eductors supplied with slurry pumped from an upper region of said second chamber. 48. The system of claim 39, wherein said second chamber includes filaments immersed in said slurry for colonization by bacteria capable of anaerobically digesting said slurry. 49. The system of claim 48, wherein said filaments are connected to said sidewall or to both said sidewall and said inner wall. 50. The system of claim 48, wherein said filaments are contained in a rack suspended in said second chamber. 51. The system of claim 39, wherein said first temperature is in a temperature range that optimizes a digestion rate of said slurry by a first type of bacteria and wherein a production rate of methane is increased by maintaining said second temperature within a temperature range that optimizes a production rate of said methane produced by a second type o f bacteria.
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