[특허]Flexible airflow separator to reduce aerodynamic noise generated by a leading edge slat of an aircraft wing

Airbus Deutschland GmbH, Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft-und Raumfahrt e. V.

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Flexible airflow separator to reduce aerodynamic noise generated by a leading edge slat of an aircraft wing

국가/구분	United States(US) Patent 등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)	B64C-003/00
미국특허분류(USC)	244/214; 244/200; 244/216; 244/130
출원번호	US-0302454 (2002-11-22)
우선권정보	DE-0057849 (2001-11-24)
발명자 / 주소	Mau, Knut Dobrzynski, Werner
출원인 / 주소	Airbus Deutschland GmbH, Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft-und Raumfahrt e. V.
대리인 / 주소	Fasse W. F.
인용정보	피인용 횟수 : 23 인용 특허 : 4

초록
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A slat is selectively extended from a main wing body, with a concave rear surface of the slat facing a convex forward nose surface of the wing body, with a slat gap therebetween. At least one row of flexible bristles is movably arranged relative to the lower rear edge of the slat, to flexibly protrude up into the slat air gap. At least one row of flexible bristles is movably arranged along the upper rear edge of the slat to extend rearwardly over the slat air gap and the upper surface of the main wing body. The flexible bristles are flexibly self-positioning and self-contouring due to the aerodynamic forces acting thereon, to improve the air flow conditions through the slat gap, separate the slat gap airflow from an entrapped eddy vortex on the concave rear surface of the slat, and thereby reduce the aerodynamic noise generated along the slat gap.

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1. In an aircraft including a wing arrangement, wherein said wing arrangement includes a wing body and a slat, said wing body terminates forwardly in a forward nose of said wing body, said slat has a concave rear surface facing toward said forward nose, and said slat is movably connected to said wing body to be movable between a retracted slat position in which said slat is adjacent to said forward nose with said concave rear surface facing and adjacent to said forward nose and an extended slat position in which said slat is spaced away from said forward nose with a slat air gap bounded between said slat and said forward nose,an improvement for reducing aero-acoustic noise generated by said wing arrangement, wherein said improvement comprises:an airflow separation surface comprising a plurality of bristles arranged as at least one row of said bristles distributed in a span direction along and protruding from at least one of an upper rear edge of said slat and a lower rear edge of said slat,wherein said bristles are sufficiently flexible so as to be flexibly self-contouring due to aerodynamic forces of air flowing through said slat air gap during flight of said aircraft with said slat in said extended slat position. 2. The improvement in the aircraft according to claim 1, wherein said bristles are arranged along and protruding from said lower rear edge of said slat into said slat air gap. 3. A wing arrangement for an aircraft, comprising:a wing body having a forward nose;a slat that has a concave rear surface facing toward said forward nose of said wing body, wherein a slat air gap is formed between said concave rear surface of said slat and said forward nose of said wing body with said slat in an extended position relative to said wing body; andat least one of a first flexible air-permeable airflow separation surface extending in a span direction along and protruding into said slat air gap from a lower rear edge of said slat, and a second flexible air-permeable airflow separation surface extending in said span direction along and protruding rearwardly above said slat air gap from an upper rear edge of said slat,wherein said respective flexible air-permeable airflow separation surface allows a limited positive air permeation therethrough, andwherein said respective flexible air-permeable airflow separation surface is sufficiently flexible so as to be flexibly self-contouring due to aerodynamic forces of air flowing through said slat air gap during flight of the aircraft. 4. The wing arrangement according to claim 3, wherein said respective flexible air-permeable airflow separation surface comprises and is formed by at least one row of flexible bristles that are distributed along said span direction and protrude perpendicularly relative to said span direction. 5. The wing arrangement according to claim 3, comprising maid first flexible air-permeable airflow separation surface. 6. The wing arrangement according to claim 3, comprising said second flexible air-permeable airflow separation surface. 7. A wing arrangement for an aircraft, comprising:a wing body having a convex forward nose;a slat that has a concave rear surface facing toward said convex forward nose of said wing body, wherein a slat air gap is formed between said concave rear surface of maid slat and said convex forward nose of said wing body with said slat in an extended position relative to said wing body; andat least one respective row of bristles distributed in a span direction along respectively at least one of a lower rear edge of said slat at an inlet of said slat air gap and an upper rear edge of said slat at an cutlet of said slat air gap to form of said bristles a respective airflow separation surface,wherein said bristles are respectively elongated and flexible with a sufficient flexibility so that said bristles are flexibly deformable to different contour configurations in a self-adapting manner in response to varying aerodynamic forces exerted on said br istles by an airflow flowing through said slat air gap during flight of the aircraft respectively in different flight configurations. 8. The wing arrangement according to claim 7, wherein said at least one respective row of said bristles is effective to reduce a sound level of aerodynamic noise emanated from said wing arrangement with said bristles relative to a sound level of aerodynamic noise emanated without said bristles. 9. The wing arrangement according to claim 7, comprising said at least one row of said bristles along said lover rear edge of said slat. 10. The wing arrangement according to claim 7, comprising said at least one row of said bristles along said upper rear edge of said slat. 11. The wing arrangement according to claim 7, respectively comprising at least one row of said bristles along maid lower rear edge of said slat and comprising at least one row of said bristles a long said upper rear edge of said slat. 12. The wing arrangement according to claim 7, further comprising a carrier element that extends longitudinally in maid span direction and is movably connected to said lower rear edge or said upper rear edge of said slat, and wherein said bristles are connected to and protrude from said carrier element. 13. The wing arrangement according to claim 12, wherein respective groups of said bristles are grouped together to form respective bundles of said bristles, wherein said bundles are distributed along said span direction to form at least one row of said bundles on said carrier element. 14. The wing arrangement according to claim 7, wherein said slat is selectively extendible from said wing body into said extended position and selectively retractable toward maid wing body into a retracted position in which said concave rear surface of said slat lies closely along said convex forward nose of said wing body, and further comprising a slat extension mechanism that movably connects said slat to said wing body and that selectively extends and retracts said slat relative to said wing body, and a carrier element that is operatively coupled to said slat extension mechanism so as to be movable relative to said wing body and relative to said slat, wherein said bristles are connected to and protrude from said carrier element. 15. The wing arrangement according to claim 7, wherein said slat is selectively extendible from said wing body into said extended position and selectively retractable toward said wing body into a retracted position in which said concave rear surface of said slat lies closely along said convex forward nose of said wing body, and wherein said bristles extend f lushly along an outer surface of said wing body outside of an area between said concave rear surface of said slat and said convex forward nose of said wing body when maid slat is in maid retracted position. 16. The wing arrangement according to claim 7, wherein said slat is selectively extendible from said wing body into said extended position and selectively retractable toward said wing body into a retracted position in which said concave rear surface of said slat lies closely along said convex forward nose of said wing body, and wherein said bristles extend in an area between said concave rear surface of said slat and said convex forward nose of said wing body when said slat is in said retracted position. 17. The wing arrangement according to claim 7, wherein said flexibility is sufficiently rigid so that said bristles are self-supporting and form-stable against the force of gravity. 18. The wing arrangement according to claim 7, wherein said bristles are arranged with a certain bristle density in said span direction, so as to achieve a smooth gradient of compensation of turbulent pressure fluctuations in a flow direction from said respective lower rear edge or upper rear edge of said slat along a longitudinal extension of each of said bristles. 19. The wing arrangement according to claim 7, wherein said bristles are arranged with a certain bristle density in said span direction to achieve a certain air-permeability at least at certain locations along said span direction to allow an air pressure compensation through said at least one row of said bristles and to prevent a complete sealed enclosing of a apace between said concave rear surface and said at least one row of said bristles along said lower rear edge of said slat. 20. The wing arrangement according to claim 7, wherein said bristles each respectively have a length of at least 10% of a slat chord of said slat.

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Flexible airflow separator to reduce aerodynamic noise generated by a leading edge slat of an aircraft wing

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Flexible airflow separator to reduce aerodynamic noise generated by a leading edge slat of an aircraft wing

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