IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0031896
(2000-07-12)
|
우선권정보 |
DE-0034554 (1999-07-22) |
국제출원번호 |
PCT/DE00/02328
(2000-07-12)
|
국제공개번호 |
WO01/07858
(2001-02-01)
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
|
대리인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
2 인용 특허 :
2 |
초록
▼
Heat exchanger, which has a cooling body ( 9 ) that is in contact with a medium ( 11 ) to be cooled, on the one hand, and with a cooling medium ( 20 ), on the other hand, and transfers the heat of the medium to be cooled to the cooling medium, whereby the cooling body is composed of at least two mat
Heat exchanger, which has a cooling body ( 9 ) that is in contact with a medium ( 11 ) to be cooled, on the one hand, and with a cooling medium ( 20 ), on the other hand, and transfers the heat of the medium to be cooled to the cooling medium, whereby the cooling body is composed of at least two materials, of which one is a better conductor of heat than the other, and the material of better thermal conductivity is essentially in contact with the medium to be cooled and dissipates the heat from the latter to the material of poorer thermal conductivity, which is essentially in contact with the cooling medium, to which for its part it transfers the heat, and the cooling body furthermore has sintered parts that form a porous sintered structure through which the cooling medium can flow, sintered parts being composed of the material of better thermal conductivity and of the material of poorer thermal conductivity, and the sintering temperature of the material of better thermal conductivity being less than or equal to the temperature of the material of poorer thermal conductivity.
대표청구항
▼
1. Heat exchanger, which has a cooling body ( 9 ) that is in contact with a medium ( 11 ) to be cooled, on the one hand, and with a cooling medium ( 20 ), on the other hand, and transfers heat of the medium to be cooled to the cooling medium, characterized in that the cooling body is composed of at
1. Heat exchanger, which has a cooling body ( 9 ) that is in contact with a medium ( 11 ) to be cooled, on the one hand, and with a cooling medium ( 20 ), on the other hand, and transfers heat of the medium to be cooled to the cooling medium, characterized in that the cooling body is composed of at least two materials, of which one is a better conductor of heat than the other, and the material of better thermal conductivity is essentially in contact with the medium to be cooled and dissipates the heat from the latter to the material of poorer thermal conductivity, which is essentially in contact with the cooling medium, to which for its part it transfers the heat, and the cooling body furthermore has sintered parts that form a porous sintered structure through which the cooling medium can flow, sintered parts being composed of the material of better thermal conductivity and of the material of poorer thermal conductivity, and the sintering temperature of the material of better thermal conductivity being less than or equal to the temperature of the material of poorer thermal conductivity. 2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that metals are used as the heat-conducting materials, with a metal that is more noble than the material of poorer thermal conductivity being used as the material of better thermal conductivity, and a less noble metal than the material of better thermal conductivity being used as the material of poorer thermal conductivity. 3. Heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that silver is used as the material of better thermal conductivity and copper is used as the material of poorer thermal conductivity. 4. Heat exchanger according to claim 1 characterized in that a proportion of the material of better thermal conductivity in the cooling body per unit volume of the sintered cooling-body parts decreases with increasing distance from the medium ( 11 ) to be cooled. 5. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling body has a shaped structure composed of the material ( 8 ) of better conductivity, which distributes the heat into the cooling body ( 9 ). 6. Heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that a proportion of material of better conductivity in the cooling body per unit volume of the sintered cooling-body parts decreases with increasing distance from the shaped structure ( 9 ) composed of the material of better conductivity. 7. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling body has a passage structure ( 8 , 8 a ) for guiding the cooling medium, which distributes the cooling medium in the cooling body. 8. Heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that the passage structure has curved passages. 9. Heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that the passage structure ( 8 ) has passages from which, in turn, passages ( 8 a ) branch off. 10. Heat exchanger according to claim 1 as a cooling element for cooling an axle ( 14 ), characterized in that a body ( 15 ) composed of the material of better thermal conductivity is essentially in contact with the axle elements to be cooled within the axle to be cooled and dissipates the heat from here to the material of poorer thermal conductivity, which is arranged behind at least one end of the axle and is there essentially in contact with the cooling medium, to which, for its part, it transfers the heat. 11. Heat exchanger according to claim 9, characterized in that a cooling-body part ( 9 a ) that has cooling ribs curved counter to e direction of rotation and rotates with the axle is arranged behind at least one end of the axle. 12. Heat exchanger according to claim 11, characterized in that a Peltier element ( 16 ) is mounted between the body ( 15 ) of material of better thermal conductivity and the rotating cooling-body part ( 9 a ), the cooling side ( 17 ) of which is essentially in contact with the body ( 15 ) of material of better thermal conductiv ity and a heat-emitting side ( 18 ) of which is essentially in contact with the rotating cooling-body part ( 9 a ), thereby improving the dissipation of the heat. 13. Method for producing a heat exchanger, which has the following steps:(i) a mould ( 7 ) is first of all charged with material of poorer thermal conductivity required for the heat exchanger;(ii) the mould is then brought to a temperature required to sinter the material of poorer thermal conductivity;(iii) the mould is then brought to an intermediate cooling temperature;(iv) changes are then made to the mould, if required;(v) the mould is then charged with the material of better thermal conductivity required for the heat exchanger;(vi) the mould is then brought to the temperature required to sinter the material of better thermal conductivity, it being necessary for this temperature to be lower than or equal to the temperature required to sinter the material of poorer thermal conductivity;(vii) finally the mould is brought to a final cooling temperature. 14. Method according to claim 13, to produce a heat exchanger, characterized in that, after step (i) and before step (ii), the mould ( 7 ) is brought to one or more intermediate temperatures in one or more intermediate steps. 15. Method according to claim 13, to produce a heat exchanger, characterized in that, after step (ii) and before step (iii), the mould ( 7 ) is brought to one or more intermediate temperatures in one or more intermediate steps. 16. Method according to claim 13, to produce a heat exchanger, characterized in that, after step (v) and before step (vi), the mould ( 7 ) is brought to one or more intermediate temperatures in one or more intermediate steps. 17. Method according to claim 13, to produce a heat exchanger, characterized in that, after step (vi) and before step (vii), the mould ( 7 ) is brought to one or more intermediate temperatures in one or more intermediate steps. 18. Method according to claim 13, to produce a heat exchanger, characterized in that silver is chosen as the material of better thermal conductivity and copper is chosen as the material of poorer thermal conductivity, and the method has the following steps:(i) a mould ( 7 ) is first of all charged with the copper required for the heat exchanger;(ii) the mould is then brought to the temperature required to sinter copper, in a range of about 1000° C. to 1100° C., preferably 1073° C. to 1079° C.;(iii) the mould is then brought to an intermediate cooling temperature of 100° C.;(iv) changes are then made to the mould, if required;(v) the mould is then charged with the silver required for the heat exchanger;(vi) the mould is then brought to the temperature required to sinter the silver, in a range of 200° C. to 990° C., preferably of about 900° C. to 950° C., these temperatures in a range of 200° C. to 990° C. being lower than or equal to the temperatures in a range of 1000° C. to 1100° C. required to sinter the less thermally conductive copper;(vii) finally the mould is brought to a final cooling temperature. 19. Method according to claim 18, to produce a heat exchanger, characterized in that the temperatures in a range of 1073° C. to 1079° C. in step (ii) are held for about 6 to 12 minutes, and the temperatures in a range of 900° C. to 950° C. in step (vi) are likewise held for about 6 to 12 minutes. 20. Method according to claim 18, to produce a heat exchanger, characterized in that step (ii) lasts longer at low temperature and for a shorter time at higher temperature, specifically in the following range, namely from 20 minutes at 1000° C. to 2 minutes at 1100° C., and step (vi) also lasts longer at low temperature and for a shorter time at higher temperature, specifically in the following range, namely from 20 minutes at 200° C. to 2 minutes at 990° C. 21. Method according to claim 13, to produce a heat exchanger, character ized in that the sintering process takes place under a protective gas. 22. Method according to claim 21, to produce a heat exchanger, characterized in that hydrogen is used as the protective gas. 23. Method according to claim 21, to produce a heat exchanger, characterized in that the sintering process is carried out with the sintering mould covered with low-sulphur charcoal.
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