초록

A catalyst comprising a promoted mixed metal oxide is useful for the vapor phase oxidation of an alkane or a mixture of an alkane and an alkene to an unsaturated carboxylic acid and for the vapor phase ammoxidation of an alkane or a mixture of an alkane and an alkene to an unsaturated nitrile.

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1. A process for producing an unsaturated carboxylic acid, which comprises subjecting a C 3-8 alkane or a mixture of a C 3-8 alkane and a C 3-8 alkene to a vapor phase catalytic oxidation reaction in the presence of a catalyst containing a promoted mixed metal oxide having the empirical formula

1. A process for producing an unsaturated carboxylic acid, which comprises subjecting a C 3-8 alkane or a mixture of a C 3-8 alkane and a C 3-8 alkene to a vapor phase catalytic oxidation reaction in the presence of a catalyst containing a promoted mixed metal oxide having the empirical formula a M b N c X d Z e O f whereinA is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo and W,M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of V and Ce,N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Te, Sb and Se,X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, Ti, Al, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ru, Co, Rh, Ni, Pt, Sb, Bi, B, In, As, Ge, Sn, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Hf, Pb, P, Pm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu, andZ is selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, Pr, Nd and Tb; andwherein, when a=1, b=0.01 to 1.0, c=0.01 to 1.0, d=0.01 to 1.0, e=0.001 to 0.1 and f is dependent on the oxidation state of the other elements. 2. A process for producing an unsaturated nitrile, which comprises subjecting a C 3-8 alkane, or a mixture of a C 3-8 alkane and a C 3-8 alkene, and ammonia to a vapor phase catalytic oxidation reaction in the presence of a catalyst containing a promoted mixed metal oxide having the empirical formula a M b N c X d Z e O f whereinA is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo and W,M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of V and Ce,N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Te, Sb and Se,X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, Ti, Al, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ru, Co, Rh, Ni, Pt, Sb, Bi, B, In, As, Ge, Sn, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Hf, Pb, P, Pm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu, andZ is selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, Pr, Nd and Tb; andwherein, when a=1, b=0.01 to 1.0, c=0.01 to 1.0, d=0.01 to 1.0, e=0.001 to 1.0 and f is dependent on the oxidation state of the other elements. 3. A process for producing an unsaturated carboxylic acid, which comprises subjecting a C 3-8 alkane or a mixture of a C 3-8 alkane and a C 3-8 alkene to a vapor phase catalytic oxidation reaction in the presence of the catalyst produced by the process comprising:(1) admixing compounds of the elements A, M, N, X and Z and at least one polar solvent to form an admixture,whereinA is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo and W,M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of V and Ce,N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Te, Sb and Se,X is at lest one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, Ti, Al, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ru, Go, Rh, Ni, Pt, Bi, B, In, As, Ge, Sn, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Hf, Pb, P, Pm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu, andZ is selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, Pr, Nd and Tb andwherein the elements A, M, N, X and Z are present in such amounts that the atomic ratio of A:M:N:X:Z is 1:0.01 to 1.0:0.01 to 1.0:0.01 to 1.0:0.001 to 0.1;(2) removing said at least one polar solvent from the admixture to obtain a catalyst precursor; and(3) calcining said catalyst precursor. 4. A process for producing an unsaturated nitrile, which comprises subjecting a C 3-8 alkane, or a mixture of a C 3-8 alkane and a C 3-8 alkene, and ammonia to a vapor phase catalytic oxidation reaction in the presence of the catalyst produced by the process comprising:(1) admixing compounds of the elements A, M, N, X and Z and at least one polar solvent to form an admixture,whereinA is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo and W,M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of V and Ce,N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Te, Sb and Se,X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, Ti, Al, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ru, Co, Rh, Ni, Pt, Bi, B, In, As, Ge, Sn, Li, Na, K, R b, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Hf, Pb, P, Pm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu, andZ is selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, Pr, Nd and Tb andwherein the elements A, M, N, X and Z are present in such amounts that the atomic ratio of A:M:N:X:Z is 1:0.01 to 1.0:0.01 to 1.0:0.01 to 1.0:0.001 to 0.1;(2) removing said at least one polar solvent from the admixture to obtain a catalyst precursor; and(3) calcining said catalyst precursor.