초록

There is described a fracturing fluid comprising a polar base, 0.1-5.0% of a mid-molecular weight polyacrylate, and an activator for ionizing the polyacrylate to a hydroscopic state.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A fracturing fluid comprising a polar base, 0.1-5.0% of a mid-molecular weight polyacrylate, an activator for ionizing said polyacrylate to a hygroscopic state and a breaker in an amount of 0.1-1.0% wt, wherein said breaker is NaCl or KCl.2. A fracturing fluid comprising a polar base, 0.1-5.0% of

1. A fracturing fluid comprising a polar base, 0.1-5.0% of a mid-molecular weight polyacrylate, an activator for ionizing said polyacrylate to a hygroscopic state and a breaker in an amount of 0.1-1.0% wt, wherein said breaker is NaCl or KCl.2. A fracturing fluid comprising a polar base, 0.1-5.0% of a mid-molecular weight polyacrylate, and an activator for ionizing said polyacrylate to a hygroscopic state, wherein said polyacrylate is a polyacrylic acid polymer cross linked with polyalkenyl ethers or di-vinyl glycol.3. A fluid as claimed in claim 2, wherein said polyacrylate is present in particles of about 0.2 micron diameter.4. A fluid as claimed in claim 3, wherein said fluid is provided with 0.1-5.0% (wt) of an activator to initiate hydration of said polyacrylate.5. A fluid as claimed in claim 4, wherein said activator is selected from triethanolamine, NaOH, KOH and NH4OH.6. A fluid as claimed in claim 5, further including a breaker in an amount of 0.1-1.0% wt.7. A fracturing fluid comprising a polar base, 0.1-5.0% of a mid-molecular weight polyacrylate, an activator for ionizing said polyacrylate to a hygroscopic state, anda breaker wherein said breaker is encapsulated. 8. A fluid as claimed in claim 7, wherein said breaker is an organic or inorganic salt.9. A fluid as claimed in claim 8, wherein said breaker is NaCl or KCl.10. A fluid as claimed in claim 7, wherein said polar base is selected from the group consisting of water, methanol, ethanol, propanol and isopropanol.11. A fluid as claimed in claim 7, emulsified with liquid CO2 or N2 and a surfactant.12. A fluid as claimed in claim 11, emulsified with liquid CO2 in an amount of 50-52% to 94-95% (volume).13. A fluid as claimed in claim 11, wherein said surfactant is an ethoxylated alkylphenol.14. A fluid as claimed in claim 10, containing up to 50% N2 or CO2.15. A fracturing fluid consisting essentially of a polar base, 0.1-5.0% of a mid-molecular weight polyacrylate, an activator for ionizing said polyacrylate to a hygroscopic state, and a breaker in an amount of 0.1-1.0% wt, wherein said breaker is NaCl or KCl.16. A fluid as claimed in claim 15, wherein said polar base is selected from the group consisting of water, methanol, ethanol, propanol and isopropanol.17. A fluid as claimed in claim 16, emulsified with liquid CO2 or N2 and a surfactant.18. A fluid as claimed in claim 17, emulsified with liquid CO2 in an amount of 50-52% to 94-95% (volume).19. A fluid as claimed in claim 17, emulsified with liquid CO2 in an amount of 52% to 95% (volume).20. A fluid as claimed in claim 17, wherein said surfactant is an ethoxylated alkylphenol.21. A fluid as claimed in claim 16, containing up to 50% N2 or CO2.22. A fluid as claimed in claim 15 wherein said polyacrylate is a polyacrylic acid polymer cross linked with polyalkenyl ethers or di-vinyl glycol.23. A fluid as claimed in claim 22, wherein said polyacrylate is present in particles of about 0.2 micron diameter.24. A fluid as claimed in claim 23, wherein said fluid is provided with 0.1-5.0% (wt) of an activator to initiate hydration of aid polyacrylate.25. A fluid as claimed in claim 24, wherein said activator is selected from triethanolamine, NaOH, KOH and NH4OH.26. A fluid as claimed in claim 25, wherein said breaker is encapsulated.27. A fluid as claimed in claim 1 wherein said polyacrylate is a polyacrylic acid polymer cross linked with polyalkenyl ethers or di-vinyl glycol.28. A fluid as claimed in claim 27, wherein said polyacrylate is present in particles of about 0.2 micron diameter.29. A fluid as claimed in claim 28, wherein said fluid is provided with 0.1-5.0% weight of an activator to initiate hydration of said polyacrylate.30. A fluid as claimed in claim 29, wherein said activator is selected from triethanolamine, NaOH, KOH and NH4OH.31. A fluid as claimed in claim 29, wherein said breaker is encapsulated.32. A fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein said polar base is selected from the group consisting of water, methanol, ethanol, propanol and isopropanol.33. A fluid as claimed in claim 1, foamed with liquid CO2 or N2 and a surfactant.34. A fluid as claimed in claim 33, foamed with liquid CO2 in an amount of 50-52% to 94-95% (volume).35. A fluid as claimed in claim 33, foamed with liquid CO2 in an amount of 50-95% (volume).36. A fluid as claimed in claim 33, wherein said surfactant is an ethoxylated alkylphenol.37. A fluid as claimed in claim 1, containing up to 50% N2 or CO2.38. A fluid as claimed in claim 6, wherein said breaker is an organic or inorganic salt.39. A fluid as claimed in claim 38, wherein said breaker is NaCl or KCl.40. A fluid as claimed in claim 38, wherein said polar base is selected from the group consisting of water, methanol, ethanol, propanol and isopropanol.41. A fluid as claimed in claim 39, foamed with liquid CO2 or N2 and a surfactant.42. A fluid as claimed in claim 41, foamed with liquid CO2 in an amount of 50-52% to 94-95% (volume).43. A fluid as claimed in claim 41, foamed with liquid CO2 in an amount of 52-95% (volume).44. A fluid as claimed in claim 41, wherein said surfactant is an ethoxylated alkylphenol.45. A fluid as claimed in claim 2, containing up to 50% N2 or CO2.46. A fracturing fluid comprising a polar base, 0.1-5.0% of a mid molecular weight polacrylate, an activator for ionizing said polyacrylate to a hygroscopic state wherein said fluid is emulsified with liquid CO2, or N2 and a surfactant.47. A fluid as claimed in claim 46, emulsified with liquid CO2 in an amount of 50-52% to 94-95% (volume).48. A fluid as claimed in claim 46, emulsified with liquid CO2 in an amount of 52% to 95% (volume).49. A fluid as claimed in claim 46, wherein said surfactant is an ethoxylated alkylphenol.50. A fluid as claimed in claim 49, wherein said polyacrylate is a polyacrylic acid polymer cross linked with polyalkenyl ethers or di-vinyl glycol.51. A fluid as claimed in claim 50, wherein said polyacrylate is present in particles of about 0.2 micron diameter.52. A fluid as claimed in claim 51, wherein said fluid is provided with 0.1-5.0% (wt) of an activator to initiate hydration of said polyacrylate, wherein said activator is selected from triethanolamine, NaOH, KOH and NH4OH.53. A fluid as claimed in claim 52, additionally comprising a breaker.54. A fluid as claimed in claim 53, wherein said breaker is encapsulated.55. A fluid as claimed in claim 54, wherein said breaker is an organic or inorganic salt.56. A fluid as claimed in claim 55, wherein said breaker is NaCl or KCl.57. A fluid as claimed in claim 56, wherein said polar base is selected from the group consisting of water, methanol, ethanol, propanol and isopropanol.