IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0100483
(2002-03-18)
|
우선권정보 |
DE-0015336 (2001-03-28) |
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Formanski, Volker
- Willimowski, Peter
- Baaser, Bernhard
|
출원인 / 주소 |
- General Motors Corporation
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
11 인용 특허 :
12 |
초록
▼
A fuel cell system comprising a plurality of fuel cells, in particular in the form of low temperature fuel cells, which are assembled into a stack, the system having a cathode side with a cathode inlet and a cathode outlet, with oxygen or an oxygen containing gas, such as for example air, being capa
A fuel cell system comprising a plurality of fuel cells, in particular in the form of low temperature fuel cells, which are assembled into a stack, the system having a cathode side with a cathode inlet and a cathode outlet, with oxygen or an oxygen containing gas, such as for example air, being capable of being supplied to the cathode inlet and also having an anode side which has an anode inlet and an anode outlet, with hydrogen or a hydrogen rich gas being capable of being supplied to the anode inlet and with a feedback loop being provided in order to return at least a part of the hydrogen containing exhaust gases which arise at the anode outlet back to the anode inlet, characterized by a line which leads from the anode side to the cathode side and is designed to supply anode exhaust gases to the cathode inlet which, after reaction of the hydrogen component with oxygen at the cathode side to form water, leave the fuel cell system with the cathode exhaust gases via the cathode outlet.
대표청구항
▼
1. A fuel cell system comprising a plurality of fuel cells, in particular in the form of low temperature fuel cells, which are assembled into a stack and are adapted to permit oxygen or an oxygen containing gas to react with hydrogen or a hydrogen containing gas to generate electricity and produce f
1. A fuel cell system comprising a plurality of fuel cells, in particular in the form of low temperature fuel cells, which are assembled into a stack and are adapted to permit oxygen or an oxygen containing gas to react with hydrogen or a hydrogen containing gas to generate electricity and produce first exhaust gases containing residual oxygen and second exhaust gases containing residual hydrogen, said system comprising:a cathode side with a cathode inlet for receiving said oxygen or oxygen containing gas and a cathode outlet for said first exhaust gases; an anode side with an anode inlet for receiving said hydrogen or hydrogen containing gas, an anode outlet for said second exhaust gases; a feedback loop for returning at least a part of the second exhaust gases arriving at the anode outlet back to the anode inlet; and a line which leads from the anode side to the cathode side and is designed to supply second exhaust gases to the cathode inlet which, after reaction of said residual hydrogen with oxygen at said cathode side to form water, leave the fuel cell system with said first exhaust gases via said cathode outlet. 2. A fuel cell system in accordance with claim 1, said system further having a switching valve which can be switched on and off and which is provided in said line.3. A fuel cell system in accordance with claim 1, said system further having a control valve which controls or regulates the quantity of second exhaust gases flowing through said line.4. A fuel cell system in accordance with claim 3, characterized in that said control valve is provided in said line at the downstream side of the switching valve.5. A fuel cell system in accordance with claim 1, said anode side of said fuel cell system belonging to an anode circuit including said feedback loop, said system further having a branch point in said anode circuit at which said line branches off from said anode circuit, a hydrogen supply point for supplying said hydrogen or hydrogen containing gas to said anode circuit, said hydrogen supply point being provided in said anode circuit downstream of said branch point, and a non-return valve provided between said hydrogen supply point and said branch point.6. A fuel cell system in accordance with claim 5, said system further having an exhaust gas pump provided in the anode circuit.7. A fuel cell system in accordance with claim 6, said branch point for said line being provided in said anode circuit downstream of said exhaust gas pump.8. A fuel cell system in accordance with claim 6, said branch point for said line being provided in said anode circuit upstream of said exhaust gas pump.9. A fuel cell system in accordance with claim 6, said anode exhaust gas pump being adapted to be driven by the hydrogen or hydrogen containing gas supplied to said anode circuit.10. A fuel cell system in accordance with claim 1, there being a fuel cell catalyst at said cathode side for the reaction of said residual hydrogen of said second exhaust gases with oxygen at the cathode side to form water.11. A fuel cell system in accordance with claim 1, said cathode side including a cathode supply line for supplying said oxygen or oxygen containing gas to said cathode inlet, a catalyst being provided as a coating within said cathode supply line, said line being designed to lead said second exhaust gases to said cathode supply line upstream of said fuel cell catalyst.12. A fuel cell system in accordance with claim 1, said cathode side including a heat exchanger with a catalyst coating arranged before said cathode inlet and said line being designed to lead said second exhaust gases to said cathode side upstream of said heat exchanger.13. A fuel cell system in accordance with claim 1, said cathode side including a housing disposed upstream of said cathode inlet, a flow permeable body accommodated in said housing and coated with a catalyst, said line being designed to supply the anode exhaust gases directly or indirectly into said housing and thus to said cathode side.14. A fuel cell system in accordance with claim 13, said flow permeable body comprising a material network.15. A fuel cell system in accordance with claim 13, said flow permeable body comprising a porous monolith.16. A fuel cell system in accordance with claim 1, said system further having an exhaust gas mixing device located downstream of said cathode outlet, a second line which leads from said anode side to said exhaust gas mixing device, said exhaust gas mixing device being designed to mix second exhaust gases branched off via said second line with said first exhaust gases received from said cathode outlet.17. A fuel cell system in accordance with claim 16, said system further having a valve incorporated into said second line.18. A method of operating a fuel cell system comprising a plurality of fuel cells, in particular in the form of low temperature fuel cells, assembled into a stack and are adapted to permit oxygen or an oxygen containing gas to react with hydrogen or a hydrogen containing gas to generate electricity and produce first exhaust gases containing residual oxygen and second exhaust gases containing residual hydrogen, said system comprising:a cathode side with a cathode inlet for receiving said oxygen or oxygen containing gas and a cathode outlet for said first exhaust gases; an anode side with an anode inlet for receiving said hydrogen or hydrogen containing gas, an anode outlet for said second exhaust gases; and a feedback loop for returning at least a part of the second exhaust gases arriving at the anode outlet back to the anode inlet, said method comprising the step of supplying at least a part of said second exhaust gases continuously or discontinuously to said cathode inlet and discharging them with said first exhaust gases from said fuel cell system, with said residual hydrogen contained in said second exhaust gases being reacted with said oxygen or oxygen containing gas at said cathode side to form water at the catalyst present at said cathode side. 19. A method in accordance with claim 18, including the step of controlling the quantity of second exhaust gases supplied to the cathode side by means of a valve, so that on mixing of the second exhaust gases with oxygen or an oxygen containing gas supplied to said cathode side to form a mixture having an ignition limit, the residual hydrogen contained in said mixture lies beneath said ignition limit.20. A method in accordance with claim 18, including the step of supplying additional hydrogen to said anode side when supplying second exhaust gases to said cathode side in order to flush the fuel cells at said anode side with hydrogen and to ensure a higher hydrogen concentration at said anode side.21. A method in accordance with claim 18, including the further step of mixing at least a part of said second exhaust gases with said first exhaust gases downstream of said cathode outlet.
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