초록 ▼

A blast fragment and oxygen fire safety barrier comprising a corrugated impact panel connected to and spanning a pair of columns designed by directly impacting the barrier with a fragment of specified weight at a specified velocity to obtain test values for use in determining whether the barrier is

A blast fragment and oxygen fire safety barrier comprising a corrugated impact panel connected to and spanning a pair of columns designed by directly impacting the barrier with a fragment of specified weight at a specified velocity to obtain test values for use in determining whether the barrier is capable of absorbing impact kinetic energy (KE) without exceeding predetermined maximum allowable ductability and maximum allowable deflection to span ratios, and dissipating strain energy at such maximum allowable deflection, and whether connectors have sufficient shear strength considering the lesser of maximum dynamic shear capacity of said column and a maximum dynamic shear force based on measured peak reaction during direct fragment impact on the column, includes an oxygen fire resistant panel on the non-blast side of the impact panel spaced from said impact panel a distance in excess of the maximum allowable deflection of said impact panel.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A method of designing a safety barrier to protect a facility from a blast fragment of specified weight moving at a specified velocity, comprising:(a) selecting a corrugated impact panel having a thickness, rib height, rib spacing, and yield strength for and selecting a tubular column having a yie

1. A method of designing a safety barrier to protect a facility from a blast fragment of specified weight moving at a specified velocity, comprising:(a) selecting a corrugated impact panel having a thickness, rib height, rib spacing, and yield strength for and selecting a tubular column having a yield strength, wall thickness, depth and width, (b) directly impacting a barrier comprising said impact panel connected to and spanning a pair of said columns with said fragment of said specified weight at an allowable range of variance of said specified velocity to obtain test values including at least peak column reaction loads from such direct impact of said fragment on said column, (c) calculating whether such impact panel is capable of (i) absorbing kinetic energy (KE) applied by a midspan impact of said fragment, said impact panel acting as a one-way beam, without exceeding the more stringent of a predetermined maximum allowable ductability ratio and a predetermined maximum allowable deflection to span ratio for said impact panel, and (ii) dissipating a strain energy (SE) imparted into the impact panel at such maximum allowable deflection such that the ratio ?is greater than minus 0.1 and if so, accepting the impact panel for use in a safety barrier, (d) calculating whether said column is capable of (i) absorbing kinetic energy energy applied by midspan fragment impact, said column acting as a one-way beam, without exceeding the more stringent of a predetermined maximum allowable ductability ratio and a predetermined maximum allowable deflection to span ratio for said column, and (ii) dissipating strain energy at maximum allowable deflection, and if so accepting the column for use in a safety barrier with said impact panel, (e) determining whether connectors for connecting said impact panel to said columns having sufficient shear strength considering the lesser of (i) maximum dynamic shear capacity of said column (Vcap) and (ii) a maximum dynamic shear force based on measured peak reaction during direct fragment impact on the column, and if so, accepting said connectors for use with said impact panel and columns in said safety barrier. 2. A safety barrier designed in accordance with the method of claim 1 comprising an accepted impact panel, a pair of accepted columns and accepted connectors, said impact panel being connected to and spanning a pair of said columns.3. The safety barrier of claim 2 further comprising at least one oxygen fire resistant panel spaced from said impact panel a distance in excess of the maximum allowable deflection of said impact panel.4. The safety barrier of claim 3 in which said t oxygen fire resistant panel is tested for burn-through resistance by holding a test material outside a predetermined position for testing resistance of the material to burn-through, igniting to constant burn an exothermic burning bar having an oxygen exhaust end facing said predetermined position, moving said test material into said predetermined position, and advancing said ignited exothermic burning bar toward the test material at a speed effective to maintain the end of the burning bar at a constant predetermined spacing from the test material in said predetermined test position, and found to resist burn through for a predetermined suitable time.5. The safety barrier of claim 3 in which said predetermined position presents said test material in a plane substantially perpendicular to the oxygen exhaust end of said burning bar.6. The safety barrier of claim 3 in which said test material is lowered into said test position from a height over said test position.7. The safety barrier of claim 2 further comprising at least one oxygen fire resistant panel in which said selected from steel clad panel and fiber cement board panels on the non-blast side of said impact panel, spaced from said impact panel a distance in excess of the maximum allowable deflection of said impact panel.8. The safety panel of claim 3 further comprising at least one oxygen resistant panel selected from steel clad panel and fiber cement board panels supported on a blast side of said impact panel.9. The safety barrier of claim 2 capable of resisting end on penetration of a fragment weighing about 30 kg traveling at about 50 m/sec.10. The safety barrier of claim 2 in which said impact panel is a corrugated steel panel having a steel minimum yield strength of about 50,000 psi, a minimum panel thickness of about 0.135 inches, a minimum panel rib height of about 2 inches and a maximum panel rib spacing of about 6 inches.11. The safety barrier of claim 2 in which said steel tube columns each have a minimum wall thickness of about 0.25 inch, a minimum depth of about 6 inches, and a maximum width of about 4 inches.12. A method of protecting a facility from a blast fragment of specified weight moving at a specified velocity, comprising designing a safety barrier in accordance with claim 1 and installing, between equipment which can be the source for a blast fragment and the facility to be protected, said barrier comprising an accepted panel, a pair of accepted columns and accepted connectors, said panel being connected to and spanning a pair of said columns.13. The method of claim 12 in which said facility includes a centrifugal oxygen compressor and wherein said method further comprises protecting said facility from an oxygen fire, said barrier further comprising at least one oxygen fire resistant panel selected from steel clad panel and fiber cement board panels on the non-blast side of said impact panel, spaced from said impact panel a distance in excess of the maximum allowable deflection of said impact panel.14. The method of claim 13, in which said safety barrier further comprising at least one oxygen resistant panel selected from steel clad panel and fiber cement board panels supported on a blast side of said impact panel.15. A method of designing a safety barrier to protect a facility from a blast fragment of specified weight moving at a specified velocity, comprising:(a) selecting a corrugated panel having a thickness, rib height, rib spacing, and yield strength for and selecting a tubular column having a yield strength, wall thickness, depth and width, (b) directly impacting a barrier comprising said panel connected to and spanning a pair of said columns with said fragment of said specified weight at an allowable range of variance of said specified velocity to obtain test values including at least peak column reaction loads from such direct impact of said fragment on said column, (c) calculating whether the panel of such is capable of (i) absorbing kinetic energy (KEp) applied by a midspan impact of said fragment, said panel acting as a one-way beam, without exceeding the more stringent of a predetermined maximum allowable ductability ratio and a predetermined maximum allowable deflection to span ratio, and (ii), at such maximum allowable deflection, dissipating a strain energy (SEp) equal to or greater than kinetic energy imparted into the panel by fragment impact according to the equation for kinetic energy of the panel and the fragment after plastic impact by the fragment, as follows: where KEp=kinetic energy of panel and fragment after impact, mf=weight of fragment, vf=impact velocity of fragment, mp=weight of 18 inch width of panel, including all attached connector parts that move with the panel, g=gravity constant, km=effective mass factor for panel; such that the ratio ?is greater than minus 0.1 and if so, accepting the panel for use in a safety barrier, (d) calculating whether said column is capable of (i) absorbing kinetic energy energy applied by midspan fragment impact, said column acting as a one-way beam, without exceeding the more stringent of a predetermined maximum allowable ductability ratio and a predetermined maximum allowable deflection to span ratio for said column, and (ii) dissipating strain energy at maximum allowable deflection equal to or greater than kinetic energy imparted into a column by fragment impact, said kinetic energy being determined according to the equation where KEc=kinetic energy of column and fragment after impact, mf=weight of fragment, g=gravity constant, vf=impact velocity of fragment, mc=weight of column and attached parts mp=weight of tributary area of said panel laterally supported by column including all attached connector parts that move with said panel, bp=panel mass participation factor, km=effective mass factor for panel; and p2 and if so, accepting the column for use in a safety barrier with said panel, (e) determining whether connectors for connecting said panel to said columns having sufficient shear strength considering the lesser of (i) a maximum dynamic shear force based on measured peak reaction during direct fragment impact on the column, and (ii) maximum dynamic shear capacity of said column as calculated according to the equation: Vcap=0.55 fdyAv where Vcap=dynamic shear capacity of column fdy=dynamic yield strength of column steel, and Av=web area of column and said attached connectors resisting shear at the support, and if so, accepting said connectors for use with said panel and columns in said safety barrier. 16. The method of claim 15 in which said panel is corrugated steel and said predetermined maximum allowable deflection criteria of said panel panel are equal to the more stringent of (i) a maximum ductility ratio of 10 and (ii) a maximum deflection to span ratio of 12%.17. The method of claim 15 in which said column is tubular steel and said predetermined maximum allowable deflection criteria of said column is equal to the more stringent of (i) a maximum ductility ratio of 3, if axial load exceeds 2% of axial capacity, or of 10, if axial load does not exceed 2% of axial capacity, and (ii) a maximum deflection to span ratio of 1.7%, if axial load exceeds 2% of axial capacity, or 5.5%, if axial load does not exceed 2% of axial capacity; said maximum ductility ratio and said maximum deflection to span ratios being determined according to the equation: where μ=ductility ratio ym=maximum dynamic component deflection yel=deflection causing yielding in component at all maximum moment regions.