IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0361151
(2003-02-06)
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우선권정보 |
DE-0005381 (2002-02-09) |
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Kollenda, Gerald
- Urban, Hubert
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출원인 / 주소 |
|
대리인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
3 인용 특허 :
10 |
초록
▼
A method and device for insulation monitoring of an electrically insulated DC network by measuring of the insulation resistance using galvanic isolation between a measuring resistor which is connected to ground, and a measuring pulse generator, and a measurement-data acquisition device, which elimin
A method and device for insulation monitoring of an electrically insulated DC network by measuring of the insulation resistance using galvanic isolation between a measuring resistor which is connected to ground, and a measuring pulse generator, and a measurement-data acquisition device, which eliminates some of the effect that noise in the DC network would otherwise have on the measurement.
대표청구항
▼
1. A method of insulation monitoring of an electrically insulated DC network, the network capable of selectively coupling at least one load to at least one power source, the method comprising:from time-to-time, producing a measuring pulse in the DC network; at least one defined duration after produc
1. A method of insulation monitoring of an electrically insulated DC network, the network capable of selectively coupling at least one load to at least one power source, the method comprising:from time-to-time, producing a measuring pulse in the DC network; at least one defined duration after producing the measuring pulse, determining a potential of each terminal of a measuring resistor; and from time-to-time, determining changes in the determined potentials of each terminal of the measuring resistor from respective previous determined potentials of the terminals of the measuring resistor. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:determining the defined duration based on a charging time for a capacitive insulation resistance of the network. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:high pass filtering the potentials of each terminal of the measuring resistor before determining the potentials. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:determining a moving average of an insulation resistance using the determined changes in the determined potentials. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:determining a moving average of an insulation resistance using the determined changes in the determined potentials according to relation: where Rins is the insulation resistance, RM is the resistance of the measuring resistor, ΔVO is the difference between successive determined potentials at one of the terminal leads of the measuring resistance, ΔVM is the difference between successive determined potentials at the other of the terminal leads of the measuring resistance. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:multiplying the determined moving average by a factor less than unity; comparing a product of the multiplication to a permissible value; and operating a contactor switch between the load and the power source based on the comparison. 7. The method of claim 1 wherein from time-to-time, producing a measuring pulse in the DC network includes alternating successive ones of the measuring pulses between a positive and a negative polarity.8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:opening a contactor to disconnect the load from the power source. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:from time-to-time, determining an operational status of a controller, and operating a contactor to disconnect the load if the operational status matches a failure condition. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein from time-to-time, producing a measuring pulse in the DC network includes producing the measuring pulses at an interval less than a respective time constant of at least one high pass filter in the network.11. The method of claim 1 wherein determining a potential of each terminal of a measuring resistor is repeated at least ten times between producing each measuring pulse.12. An apparatus to monitor insulation of an electrically insulated DC network, the network capable of supplying power to at least one load from at least one source, the apparatus comprising:means for producing a measuring pulse in the DC network from time-to-time; means for filtering a potential of each terminal of a measuring resistor at a defined duration after producing the measuring pulse; and means for determining the potential of each terminal of a measuring resistor at a defined duration after producing the measuring pulse; and means for determining changes in the determined potentials of each terminal of the measuring resistor from respective previous determined potentials of the terminals of the measuring resistor from time-to-time. 13. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein the means for determining the potential of each terminal of a measuring resistor at a defined duration after producing the measuring pulse comprises means for delaying the determination for a period approximately matching a charging time for a capacitive insulation resistance of the network.14. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising:high pass filtering means for filtering a potential on each terminal of the measuring resistor. 15. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising:means for determining a moving average of an insulation resistance using the determined changes in the determined potentials according to relation: where Rins is the insulation resistance, RM is the resistance of the measuring resistor, ΔVO is the difference between successive determined potentials at one of the terminal leads of the measuring resistance, ΔVM is the difference between successive determined potentials at the other of the terminal leads of the measuring resistance; means for multiplying the moving average by a factor less than unity; means for comparing a product of the multiplication to a permissible value; and means for disconnecting the load from the power source based on the comparison. 16. An apparatus for insulation monitoring of an electrically insulated DC network, the network capable of selectively coupling at least one load to at least one power source, the apparatus comprising:a ground; a voltage source to produce measuring pulses; a measuring resistor having a first terminal and a second terminal, the measuring resistor electrically coupled between the ground and the voltage source to receive measuring pulses from the voltage source from time-to-time; and a controller coupled to detect signals representative of a potential on each of the terminals of the measuring resistor at least a defined duration after each of the measuring pulses wherein the defined duration approximately matches a charging time for a capacitive insulation resistance of the network. 17. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising:a change over switch electrically coupled between the measuring resistor and the voltage source and selectively operable to alternate a polarity of successive ones of the measuring pulses provided to the measuring resistor from the voltage source. 18. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising:a change over switch electrically coupled between the measuring resistor and the voltage source and selectively operable to alternate between measuring pulses with one polarity and measuring pulses at zero potential. 19. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the controller is configured to determine changes in the potentials of each of the terminals of the measuring resistor from respective previous potentials of the terminals of the measuring resistor, from time-to-time.20. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising:an analog-digital converter electrically coupled between the measuring resistor and the controller to convert analog potentials to digital signals representative of the potential on each of the terminals of the measuring resistor. 21. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising:a watchdog circuit configured to determine an operational status of a controller, and selectively operate a contactor to disconnect the load from the power source if the operational status matches a failure condition. 22. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising:at least one of a contactor, an isolation switch, and a disconnect switch selectively operable via the controller to couple and uncouple the load from the power source via the network. 23. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein a reference potential of the voltage source is electrically coupled to the ground.24. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein load is an electric traction motor and the network is coupled to electric traction motor via an inverter.25. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising:a reference voltage source electrically coupled between the controller and the measuring resistor, wherein the voltage source and the reference voltage source are formed as DC/DC converters that are electrically isolated from the network and are supplied by a separate DC voltage network located in a mobile device. 26. An apparatus for insulation monitoring of an electrically insulated DC network, the network capable of selectively coupling at least one load to at least one power source, the apparatus comprising:a ground; a voltage source to produce measuring pulses; a measuring resistor having a first terminal and a second terminal, the measuring resistor electrically coupled between the ground and the voltage source to receive measuring pulses from the voltage source from time-to-time; and a controller coupled to detect signals representative of a potential on each of the terminals of the measuring resistor at least a defined duration after each of the measuring pulses wherein the controller is configured to determine changes in the potentials of each of the terminals of the measuring resistor from respective previous potentials of the terminals of the measuring resistor, from time-to-time, and to determine a moving average of insulation resistance based on the determined changes. 27. The apparatus of claim 26 wherein the defined duration approximately matches a charging time for a capacitive insulation resistance of the network.28. The apparatus of claim 26 wherein the controller is further configured to: multiple the moving averages by a factor less than unity, compare a product of the multiplication with a permissible value, and selectively operate a switch to couple and uncouple the load from the power source based on the comparison.29. The apparatus of claim 26 wherein the ground comprises a chassis of an electric vehicle.30. An apparatus for insulation monitoring of an electrically insulated DC network, the network capable of selectively coupling at least one load to at least one power source, the apparatus comprising:a ground; a voltage source to produce measuring pulses; a measuring resistor having a first terminal and a second terminal, the measuring resistor electrically coupled between the ground and the voltage source to receive measuring pulses from the voltage source from time-to-time; a controller coupled to detect signals representative of a potential on each of the terminals of the measuring resistor at least a defined duration after each of the measuring pulses wherein the defined duration approximately matches a charging time for a capacitive insulation resistance of the network; and at least one high pass filter, electrically coupled between one of the terminals of the measuring resistor and the controller. 31. The apparatus of claim 30 wherein the at least one high pass filter has a time constant greater than or equal to an interval between successive ones of the measuring pulses.32. The apparatus of claim 30 wherein the at least one high pass filter comprises:a first high pass filter, electrically coupled between one of the terminals of the measuring resistor and the controller; and a second high pass filter, electrically coupled between the other of the terminals of the measuring resistor and the controller. 33. The apparatus of claim 30, further comprising:a first low pass filter, electrically coupled between one of the terminals of the measuring resistor and the controller; and a second low pass filter, electrically coupled between the other of the terminals of the measuring resistor and the controller. 34. The apparatus of claim 30, further comprising:a first low pass filter, electrically coupled between one of the terminals of the measuring resistor and the controller; and a second low pass filter, electrically coupled between the other of the terminals of the measuring resistor and the controller, wherein the load comprises an inverter and each of the low pass filters has a cut-off frequency that is matched to a lower limit of working frequencies of the inverter.
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