초록 ▼

A wind vortex tower is enhanced by kinetic energy and heat of quasi-tangential and upward jets of saturated steam energizing, accelerating tornado-type flow and supporting stable electricity generation during the insufficient winds and calm. For action instead of absent wind at starts and operation

A wind vortex tower is enhanced by kinetic energy and heat of quasi-tangential and upward jets of saturated steam energizing, accelerating tornado-type flow and supporting stable electricity generation during the insufficient winds and calm. For action instead of absent wind at starts and operation over a long time, a staged system of flexible nozzles injects the steam jets into the zones of vortex channel. The system controls the tornado-type flow in the vorticity energizer, swirlers of sucked ambient air, condensate separators, re-enhancer of airflow and top diffuser. The steam is flashed from partially stored condensate heated nearly to 100° C. The condensate is partially delivered after centrifugal separation from saturated vortex core. The outside water heating system has one or two of compatible renewable, waste and secondary, or initial heat sources, and is intensified via sucking of heated water by vortex flow. A large-rating flow-through electric generator has an alternating magnetic whirl formed by magnetic concentrators whirled near vortex core and a three-phase stator with switched modules. The simplified towers are used for water and conditioned air production.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A steam-enhanced vortex power plant preferably comprising:a vortex tower having a strengthened structure formed by circumferential airfoil-type columns bearing an inner vortex channel and accelerating inlet airflows into peripheral zones of a columnar vortex flow a staged steam injecting system f

1. A steam-enhanced vortex power plant preferably comprising:a vortex tower having a strengthened structure formed by circumferential airfoil-type columns bearing an inner vortex channel and accelerating inlet airflows into peripheral zones of a columnar vortex flow a staged steam injecting system flashing and accelerating jets of saturated steam into said zones, a near-bottom vortex swirling structure, a flow-through electrical generator above with flexible stator and whirled magnetic concentrators, and a top exhaust structure; said inlet airflows are formed by sufficient winds, either by insufficient winds sucked with said jets of saturated steam, or by stagnant air sucked with the same jets at the calm; a heating system delivering slightly pressured and heated water into stages of said steam injecting system; a system removing out a precipitating condensate from said vortex channel; a system injecting said magnetic concentrators into vortex zone inside said electrical generator; a system removing out said magnetic concentrators after said electrical generator and renewing them; a system cooling said stator by condensate recovering stator heat losses into said heating system; a system purifying recirculated condensate and delivering excess condensate to consumers; a streamline site supporting air circulation and fixing said vortex tower and parts of said systems; said vortex swirling structure comprises a near-bottom vortex energizer, series vortex swirlers above, and a condensate separator located above said swirlers between said vortex channel and said tower structure; said electrical generator comprises said stator located between said vortex channel and said tower structure and confining a zone of vortex core whirling said magnetic concentrators in a peripheral layer, a lower located injector of said magnetic concentrators and a higher located separator of said magnetic concentrators between said vortex channel and said tower structure; said exhaust structure comprises a re-enhancer of airflow, a second condensate separator above and a top diffuser, said re-enhancer and said separator are located between said vortex channel and said tower structure; said columns carry rows of inlet adjustable vanes located between said columns and forming together with them the rows of flexible air nozzles having outlet openings into said zones of vortex flow; said columns are hollow and contain stages of said steam injecting system, every said stage has rows of flash-off drums integrated with flexible steam nozzles having outlets from said columns into peripheral layer of said vortex flow, said outlets are located between said air openings to form a forced rotating curtain of steam-air mixture; said stages of steam injecting system and rows of said air nozzles are coordinately integrated with said vortex energizer, said series vortex swirlers and said re-enhancer of airflow; said steam injecting system provides at the calm full replacement and exceeding of wind action for energizing and developing of vorticity, and for stable power generation and airflow exhausting, using kinetic energy and latent vaporization heat of said jets of saturated steam directed quasi-tangentially and upward into said vortex energizer, said swirlers and said re-enhancer, and sucking and then forcing new masses of ambient air containing further used vapor with latent vaporization heat; said columns bear frames with outside streamline and wave absorbing covers, said frames bear and strengthen said swirlers, separators, electrical generator, re-enhancer and diffuser. 2. A steam-enhanced vortex power plant of claim 1, wherein said vortex energizer provides all-weather vorticity energizing and developing at normal operation of said plant and comprises:at least one row of said flash-off drums integrated with said steam nozzles accelerating said steam jets quasi-tangentially and upward into said vortex channel; at least one row of said air nozzles accelerating quasi-tangential and upward airflows sucked into said channel via ejection and then forcing by said steam jets; a concave cone between foots of said columns, said cone is hollow and has openings for located inside steam nozzles integrated with flesh-off drums for helical upward forcing of said airflows; said air nozzles are opened at the calm and insufficient winds for sucking of ambient air by rows of said steam jets and quasi-tangential and upward accelerated by said steam jets and said air nozzles; said vanes are opened from upwind side at the sufficient winds for getting in and quasi-tangential and upward acceleration of the upwind flows by said air nozzles, and said rows of steam jets fulfil minimum stabilizing action. 3. A steam-enhanced vortex power plant of claim 1, wherein said series swirlers comprise:at least two rows of said steam nozzles with said flash-off drums, giving graded raised quasi-tangential and upward velocity of steam jets for developing and strict control of said vortex flow; at least two rows of said air nozzles, an upper row has smaller sizes of inlet vanes for raising strength; said steam nozzles and air nozzles have same all-weather regimes that in said vortex energizer, and upper row(s) of said vanes is shut at the calm and insufficient winds with relating steam jets having maximum quasi-tangential velocity, for raising a humidity of swirled air up to saturation phase with simultaneous conversion of latent vaporization heat into vortex kinetic energy up to controlled level yielding forming of stable fast whirling vortex core. 4. A steam-enhanced vortex power plant of claim 1, wherein said condensate separator uses centrifugal effects in said fast whirling saturated vortex core after condensate precipitation and comprises:a circumferential trap with inner opening having grounded steel grid with filters for condensate; a circular plastic airfoil dividing said trap on warmer and cooler parts; two circular concentric reservoirs at a bottom of said trap for condensate of different temperatures, with outside pumps controlling water levels against of vortex sucking. 5. A steam-enhanced vortex power plant of claim 1, wherein said injector of magnetic concentrators forms and supports an alternating magnetic whirl via controlled injection and upward helical acceleration of said magnetic concentrators by sucking and swirling vortex flow, and comprises:at least two circumferential layers of batching bins containing separately at least two types of said magnetic concentrators, having quantitative controllers and placed at different heights for different initial velocities of injected magnetic concentrators; descending tracks for initial acceleration of said magnetic concentrators under their weight with further partial ascending for upward quasi-tangential injection and directing corrections via inlet circumferential rings choking air inside said vortex channel; at least two said rings having rhombic cross-section, controlled inlet and outlet blinking doors, and adjustable concave bulkheads changing form synchronously for directing of said magnetic concentrators into vortex flow; said injector is made of non-magnetic plastics partially covered by water-cooled smooth rubber. 6. A steam-enhanced vortex power plant of claim 1, wherein said electrical generator comprises:a flow-through stator with the switched modules of three-phase conductors, having different lengths and forming flexible induction and control sections distributed uniformly in a high-permeability magnetic core of said stator; an outside switching subsystem having hitless transfer switches connected with said modules for operational change of said section; a circular wall of said channel resting on said stator on the inside and detaching said stator from vortex flow; a track of condensate cooling stator and a track of air cooling stator and bypassing said vortex core; an adjustable universe of said magnetic concentrators whirled by peripheral layer of said vortex core and forming an alternating magnetic whirl crossing through said conductors with three-phase voltage induction; said layer, enhanced by kinetic energy of said vortex core, has intermediate velocity and high angular momentum and creates synchronous interaction of said magnetic concentrators with one-named conductors via coordinated sizes of said conductors, magnetic concentrators and channel, and via synchronous secondary induced magnetic field of said stator at frequency control by the electric power system; said magnetic whirl lasts at enough velocities of vortex flow until vortex tangential, axial forces and centrifugal forces of said magnetic concentrators exceed over decelerating forces; said velocities are provided via limitation on diameters of said channel and magnetic concentrators, control of inlet velocities and support of smoothness of said concentrators and wall of channel; said alternating magnetic whirl is controlled through type, quantity and inlet velocities of said whirled magnetic concentrators, together with control of said switched modules and said vortex flow performance, and through control of electrical parameters by the electrical power system; said sucking forces of vortex core under high decrease of pressure, together with action of said secondary magnetic field, protect said channel and said stator from excessive stresses under centrifugal forces of said magnetic concentrators. 7. A steam-enhanced vortex power plant of claim 6, wherein said magnetic concentrators (MACs) of said generator can be at least of two types of different magnetic flux density and weight, and every said MAC comprises:(1) a high-permeability ring bearing three constricting permanent magnets converging symmetrically out of center of said ring with focused maximum of magnetic flux density in an external zone crossing every of three-phase conductors of said stator at operation of action of said electrical generator; (2) a profiled circular magnetic enhancer with a through hole, made of electrical laminated steel, raising magnetic flux density in said external zone and fixing together the ends with poles N of said magnets; (3) two nested spherical shells made of fiberglass laminate with air gap between them: an inner shell smooth outside, fixing said ring, said magnets and said enhancer and resting on said ring; an outer two-side smooth shell with stabilizing ventilation holes, protecting said inner shell; said inner shell has a partial air gap relative to said enhancer, slackening stresses from said outer shell; (4) an air space in said inner shell, having sub-atmospheric pressure favorable for said magnetic flux; said MAC has gravity center located out of geometrical center on an axis of said magnetic flux, giving centrifugal radial orientation of said pole N at whirling of said MAC; said external zone has effective width and depth equal nearly to sizes of cross-section of said conductor; said outer shell has diameter equal nearly to width of three adjacent stator slots with three teeth; said permanent magnets and ring in said types of MACs are made of the following materials: (a) at least two types of MACs with at least two different laminated hard-magnetic plastics having higher and lower permanent magnetization and weight, and ring made of reinforced high-permeability plastic, that for said generator having minimal or middle rated power; (b) a neodymium-boron-iron laminated alloy having high permanent magnetization, and ring made of silicon laminated steel, that for said generator having higher or maximal rated power, and one of hard-magnetic laminated plastics with lower permanent magnetization and weight, and ring made of reinforced high-permeability plastic, for the same generator; said working universe of MACs has controlled number of rows with rated diameters, quantity and inlet velocity of MACs, which are correlated with inner diameter of said vortex channel so that said quantity is a common divisor to said inner diameter and 3,000/3,600 revolutions per minute. 8. A steam-enhanced vortex power plant of claim 1, wherein said separator of magnetic concentrators (MACs) comprises:a circumferential trap with an inner opening for centrifugal removing out of said MACs; panels dividing said trap at least on three concentric parts for rough sorting of on-line, partial operable and damaged MACs, according to their weight and to eddy drag of outer shells giving different trajectories; impingement plates at inner walls of said trap damping residual kinetic energy of sorted MACs and conversing it into heat of condensate then directed into said heating system for heat recovery; said pools have bottom openings leading into channels for removing out of sorted MACs together with water into a maintenance system renewing said shells and augmenting magnetization of said MACs if necessary; said trap is made of smooth fiberglass laminate and partially covered with water-cooled rubber blocks. 9. A steam-enhanced vortex power plant of claim 1, wherein said re-enhancer of airflow comprises:at least one row of said air nozzles, shut at the calm and insufficient winds; at least one row of said steam nozzles with said flash-off drums; said steam nozzles heat, humidify and re-accelerate a waste airflow with controlled air saturation and with sucking out of said waste airflow from lower located generator giving raise of electrical power and process stability via enhancing of whirl of said MACs; said waste airflow saturation and condensate precipitation with separation in said second condensate separator yields release of latent vaporization heat converting into additional kinetic energy of said airflow giving additional raise of said generator electrical power and stability, and enough kinetic energy for airflow exhausting through said top diffuser at the calm and insufficient winds. 10. A steam-enhanced vortex power plant of claim 1; wherein said top diffuser comprises:gradually and abruptly expanding parts with telescoping vanes which control side outlet airflows; retractable top fins forming a wind-and-power operated cowl for control of an exhaust airflow; said diffuser makes staged deceleration of airflow with reduction of vorticity and increases pressure up to sub-atmospheric level sufficient for exhausting of airflow; said vanes and fins create ejection effect of sufficient wind after turning an opening of said cowl to the lee side; said cowl during the calm and insufficient winds has maximum height raising diffuser effect with augmenting the power of said generator and decreasing usage of steam and source of heat. 11. A steam-enhanced vortex power plant of claim 1, wherein said heating system uses intensified beat transfer via water sucking by distanced vortex flow through hot water ties, augmenting capacity of water heaters and reducing auxiliary energy via support of higher water velocities, said system has alternatively one or two stages with one or two kinds of compatible and complementing sources providing low-temperature heating, and comprises:a first of said stages of preheating lower of 100° C. of said recirculated condensate, having alternatively: a) a solar pond with colder and warmer sections having a shoal black bottom and divided by spillway dams with staged horizontal sluices for delivery of warmer surface water into outlet section storing and delivering heated water; b) either a solar pond with salty water, seasonal or off-season heat accumulation and intensified near-bottom convection heaters made of pre-coated carbon steel tubes, said pond and heaters have raised heat exchange at the calm under said sucking with acceleration of heated water; c) or similar intensified heaters on geothermal or waste heat used separately or in said solar pond with salty water; a second, or single stage of condensate heating nearly to 100° C., having alternatively: a) two-step solar heaters with turned water preheating reflector and water heating up collector; b) either convection heaters of condensate alternatively on geothermal heat, waste, secondary either initial heat of thermal or atomic power station; c) or alternatively starting-backup solar, geothermal waste or secondary water heaters heating storage of slightly pressured water having temperature over 100° C. and pressure over 1 bar. 12. A steam-enhanced vortex power plant of claim 11, wherein said heated water is received from an existing or new thermal power station that has alternatively:(a) modified condensers for preheating of condensate, and further heating-up in additional heaters by exhaust gas of any steam generators or gas turbines having temperature over 100° C.; (b) either heaters on extraction or back-pressure turbine steam as complementing and starting-backup source; (c) either installing after said condensers of said solar heaters; (d) or installing after said condensers of heaters on geothermal heat for heating nearly to 100° C.; (e) or passing of old boilers into sparing regime with low parameters of steam for heating of water. 13. A steam-enhanced vortex power plant of claim 11, wherein said heated water is received from an existing or new atomic station that has alternatively:(a) modified condensers and steam extractions from turbines with anti-radiation convection heaters; (b) either modified reactors with radically decreased water temperatures in hot and cool loops, condensate heating nearly to 100° C. in safe convective heaters and delivery to vortex power plant, said reactors have high temperature drop, heat transfer and stability via constant low inlet water temperature after mixing of condensate from distanced vortex tower with stored heated condensate; (c) or said reactor can be made under solar pond augmenting and storing heat and raising safety and stability. 14. A steam-enhanced vortex power plant of claim 11; wherein said heated water is received from solar field with two-step solar heaters, every such heater comprises:(a) a water-cooled cylinder parabolic solar reflector with close fizzy focus forming coarsely a volumetric cylindrical filament of reflected radiation, said reflector comprises: an uptake supply pipe header having two top horizontal distributing headers with calibrated holes; modules jointed into said reflector with interim vertical air gaps, every such module comprises: a first front cylinder parabolic bare made of carbon steel with coarsely machine polished, aluminized and glassed surface; a carrying back wall made of U-form sheet carbon steel and machine welded with said bare, forming together a downward water cooled channel having insulation from the back side; a lower located horizontal pipe header having holes for preheated water collection after said modules; two uptake additions to said lower header with following horizontal headers of increased diameter, converging and connected via central downward header having central tie from said lower header; additional controlled water inlets into lower parts of said additions after separate supply headers; (b) a horizontal pipe collector of reflected radiation focused coarsely by said reflector, comprising just said converging headers of increased diameter having a single axis superposed with a coarse axis of said fuzzy focus; said heating stages can be connected in series, in parallel or into combined scheme via said control tics and headers forming once-through heater flexible to changes of inlet water temperature and flow; said heating part yields 5÷7 discrete steps per day enough at one-axis orienting on solar rays +10÷15°; (c) a turning part connected with said heating part via said supply, delivery headers and a frame, with foundation via coarse bearings, and with ties sucking and accelerating heated water into vortex tower via moving hoses; said heaters can be made also as starting-backup giving higher outlet water temperature into a storage used at the calm and insufficient winds. 15. A steam-enhanced vortex plant of claim 1 with tower producing water and conditioned air into local zone for partial weather corrections and comprising:vortex energizer, at least one swirler, condensate separator, and turning diffuser with flexible nozzles injecting cooler and warmer water and steam into outlet airflow directed by outlet retractile fins; a system for control of conditioned airflow from lower to higher temperature and humidity than has the free air. 16. A steam-enhanced vortex plant of claim 15 producing water and comprising said vortex energizer, at least one swirler, condensate separator, and diffuser with side outlet vanes and retractile fins.17. A steam-enhanced vortex power plant of claim 1, wherein a process of operation with power generation comprises the following steps:ormnidirectional sucking of stagnant air or insufficient wind with initial directed acceleration through streamline site having anti-radial directing edges and through said circumferential rows of opened inlet vanes of said tower, having row-by-row decreased sizes along a tower height, and further quasi-tangential directing into said near-bottom vortex energizer and upper swirlers, with raising helical acceleration via said circumferential rows of quasi-tangential and upward jets of saturated steam, supported by rows of vertical and quasi-tangential jets of saturated steam passing through said bottom concave cone; said jets all together give raising decrease of pressure from periphery to central tower axis and upward and correspondingly raising air mass flow rate, tangential velocity and momentum; said jets have flexible parameters and row-by-row raised acceleration due to weather and loading; vorticity energizing and development via staged upwind getting of the sufficient winds, when they occur, into said vortex energizer and swirlers with minimum stabilizing action of said steam jets, and with change of their share into augmenting the electrical power when is necessary; further stepped injection of the fastest quasi-tangential steam jets into said developing vortex airflow at the calm and insufficient winds, with it saturation and partial conversion of latent vaporization heat into vortex kinetic energy with forming of fast whirling vortex core, or forming the core under the sufficient wind; centrifugal separation and removal out of condensed vapor with inertial and magnetic treatment; forming of alternating magnetic whirl at periphery of said fast vortex core by quasi-tangential and upward injected and synchronously whirled universe of said magnetic concentrators which make centrifugal radial orienting of magnetic poles N, with transforming of excess kinetic energy of said fast vortex core into kinetic energy of said magnetic concentrators; induction of three-phase voltage via said magnetic whirl crossing through said circumferential three-phase conductors of flow-through stator of electrical generator; flexible control of frequency, voltage and power via control of performance of said staged steam jets and airflow, said magnetic concentrators, and said switched modules of said conductors; cooling of said stator by said recirculated condensate recovering heat into water heating system; centrifugal separation of said magnetic concentrators with coarse sorting and removing out, conversion of their residual kinetic energy into heat of recirculated condensate with additional magnetic treatment by said magnetic concentrators; said separation is made at inferior limiting of airflow axial velocity, giving lifting force of airflow higher of weight of said magnetic concentrators; renewing, superposed magnetization and recirculating of said magnetic concentrators into sucking vortex flow; enhanced top exhausting of a waste airflow via combining of the next effects: (a) supplementary injection of steam jets into said waste airflow with airflow saturation and partial conversion of latent vaporization heat into airflow kinetic energy with augmenting of upward forcing and sucking forces; (b) second stage of centrifugal separation of condensate from saturated air, filtering and removing out; (c) stepped deceleration of re-enhanced airflow, vortex degrading and pressure boosting in said diffuser for overcoming of sub-atmospheric pressure of near-top ambient air; (d) creating of airflow additional ejection above said diffuser via top winds when they are sufficient; flexible supplementary fleshing of heated water for generation of said fast steam jets after slight water pressuring and heating nearly to 100° C. with partial storing of said recirculated condensate, and excess delivery; usage of one or two compatible and complementing each other source(s) of heat for heating of said condensate. 18. A method of starting of steam enhanced vortex power plant of claim 1 at the calm or insufficient winds, comprising:energizing of vorticity with raising rotation moment in said re-enhancer by fast quasi-tangential and upward steam jets at shut inlet air vanes of said tower, and transfer of vorticity from growing peripheral layer of steam to inside air layers and upward through said second separator of condensate to top opening of said diffuser; developing of vorticity under partial condensing of saturated steam at mixing with colder air, release and partial conversion of latent vaporization heat into kinetic energy of helical swirling mixture with fast giving development of centripetal and upward pressure decrease; said developing of vorticity can be enhanced by higher pressure and temperature of injected steam, which are gradually reducing down to level between ambient pressure and lower inside pressure, and by upward convection; gradual downward opening of rows of inlet air vanes due to said pressure decrease with sucking of the lower air masses upward, growing of sucked inlet airflows directed quasi-tangentially and upward by said air nozzles and by gradual downward switching-on of rows of said steam nozzles along said channel; increasing of inlet velocities of sucked airflows several times relative to average wind velocity, growing of angular momentum and release of latent vaporization heat of saturated mixture; simultaneous forming and developing of central vortex core with maximum tangential velocity several times exceeding said increasing inlet velocities, and stabilizing of steam-enhanced vortex flow by said steam jets; injection, swirling and synchronizing of peripheral whirl of said magnetic concentrators giving synchronized alternating magnetic whirl in said flow-through electrical generator, and switching on of series modules of said surrounding three-phase conductors for reaching of rated voltage; connection of said generator with power system at given frequency, gradual switching on of parallel modules of said three-phase conductors, simultaneous additional injecting of magnetic concentrators and increasing of mass of said steam jets and sucked air for reaching of the given electrical power; providing of given schedule of power loading by change of quantity of said injected magnetic concentrators and said switched modules, performance of said injecting steam and said sucked air or wind; providing of switching out of said plant after full power decrease via full switching out of said generator, with removal of said magnetic concentrators, and further switching out in the return order to said starting up process.