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Residual fuels, as well as lighter distillate fuels, are combusted with greater efficiency by utilizing low concentrations of specific bimetallic or trimetallic fuel-borne catalysts. The catalysts reduce fouling of heat transfer surfaces by unburned carbon while limiting the amount of secondary addi

Residual fuels, as well as lighter distillate fuels, are combusted with greater efficiency by utilizing low concentrations of specific bimetallic or trimetallic fuel-borne catalysts. The catalysts reduce fouling of heat transfer surfaces by unburned carbon while limiting the amount of secondary additive ash which may itself cause overloading of particulate collector devices or emissions of toxic ultra fine particles when used in forms and quantities typically employed. By utilizing a fuel containing a fuel-soluble catalyst comprised of platinum and at least one additional metal comprising cerium and/or iron, production of pollutants of the type generated by incomplete combustion is reduced. Ultra low levels of nontoxic metal combustion catalysts are able to be employed for improved heat recovery and lower emissions of regulated pollutants.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A process for improving combustion of residual fuels, which are notoriously dirty in terms of soot generation, to reduce soot formation initially and/or to aid auto combustion of soot in the combustor, on the heat transfer surfaces, or in the ductwork downstream of the combustor, comprising: addi

1. A process for improving combustion of residual fuels, which are notoriously dirty in terms of soot generation, to reduce soot formation initially and/or to aid auto combustion of soot in the combustor, on the heat transfer surfaces, or in the ductwork downstream of the combustor, comprising: adding to a residual fuel, a multi catalyst composition comprising platinum at concentrations of from only 0.0005 to less than 0.15 ppm and cerium and/or iron at total concentrations of from only 0.05 to less than 20 ppm, for at least a part of a treatment regimen, wherein the ratio of cerium and/or iron to platinum is within the range of from 50,000:1 to 500:1.2. A process for improving combustion of distillate fuel oils, which can result in lesser, but significant production of carbonaceous soot, to reduce soot formation initially and/or to aid auto combustion of soot in the combustor, on the heat transfer surfaces, or in the ductwork downstream of the combustor, comprising: adding to a light fuel, a multi catalyst composition comprising platinum at concentrations of from only 0.0005 to less than 0.15 ppm and cerium and/or iron at total concentrations of from only 0.5 to less than 8 ppm, wherein the ratio of cerium and/or iron to platinum is within the range of from 50,000:1 to 500:1.3. A process for improving combustion of pilot fuel in a dual-fuel diesel engine, which operates principally on natural gas, comprising: adding to a pilot fuel, a multi catalyst composition comprising platinum at concentrations of from only 0.0005 to less than 0.15 ppm and cerium and/or iron at total concentrations of from only 0.5 to less than 8 ppm, wherein the ratio of cerium and/or iron to platinum is within the range of from 50,000:1 to 500:1.4. A process according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bimetallic and trimetallic platinum combinations provide low temperature soot oxidation with low additive feed rates and cost.5. A process according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the use of the process results in soot oxidation temperatures reduced from 540-600° C. for untreated fuels to 300° C. for fuel treated with about 6 ppm of the bimetallic and trimetallic platinum combinations.6. A process for combusting a carbonaceous fuel comprising: mixing with fuel or combustion air a multi-component combustion catalyst comprising a platinum composition and cerium and/or iron compositions at levels reduced to as low as 0.0005 ppm for platinum and levels as low as 0.5 ppm for the cerium and iron; and combusting fuel with air in the presence of the catalyst in a regimen of treatment that will utilize effective catalyst levels for a time and under conditions, which will achieve one or more of the noted improvements, wherein the ratio of cerium and/or iron to platinum is within the range of from 50,000:1 to 500:1.7. A process for combusting a carbonaceous fuel comprising: mixing with fuel or combustion air a multi-component combustion catalyst comprising a platinum composition and cerium and/or iron compositions at levels of from about 0.0005 to 2 ppm for platinum and levels of from about 1 to 25 ppm for the cerium and iron; combusting fuel with air in the presence of the catalyst in a regimen of treatment that will utilize effective catalyst levels for a time and under conditions, which will achieve one or more of the noted improvements; then, for at least a period of time changing the amount of catalyst utilized by mixing with fuel or combustion air a multi-component combustion catalyst comprising a platinum composition and cerium and/or iron compositions at levels reduced to as low as 0.0005 ppm for platinum and levels as low as 0.5 ppm for the cerium and iron; and combusting fuel with air in the presence of the catalyst in a regimen of treatment that will utilize effective catalyst levels for a time and under conditions, which will achieve one or more of the noted improvements, wherein the ratio of cerium and/or iron to platinum is within the range of from 50,000:1 to 500:1.8. A process for combusting a carbonaceous fuel comprising: for at least a part of a treatment regimen utilizing higher catalyst concentrations, mixing with fuel a multi-component combustion catalyst comprising a platinum composition and cerium and/or iron compositions at levels of 0.0005 to less than 0.15 ppm for platinum and levels of 5 to 10 ppm for the cerium and iron; and combusting the fuel with air in a regimen of treatment that will achieve one or more of the noted improvements, wherein the ratio of cerium and/or iron to platinum is within the range of from 50,000:1 to 500:1.