최소 단어 이상 선택하여야 합니다.
최대 10 단어까지만 선택 가능합니다.
다음과 같은 기능을 한번의 로그인으로 사용 할 수 있습니다.
NTIS 바로가기다음과 같은 기능을 한번의 로그인으로 사용 할 수 있습니다.
DataON 바로가기다음과 같은 기능을 한번의 로그인으로 사용 할 수 있습니다.
Edison 바로가기다음과 같은 기능을 한번의 로그인으로 사용 할 수 있습니다.
Kafe 바로가기국가/구분 | United States(US) Patent 등록 |
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 | US-0208721 (2002-07-29) |
발명자 / 주소 |
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출원인 / 주소 |
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 | 피인용 횟수 : 594 인용 특허 : 61 |
An implanted medical device (e.g. infusion pump) and an external device communicate with one another via telemetry messages that are receivable only during windows or listening periods. Each listening period is open for a prescribed period of time and is spaced from successive listening periods by a
An implanted medical device (e.g. infusion pump) and an external device communicate with one another via telemetry messages that are receivable only during windows or listening periods. Each listening period is open for a prescribed period of time and is spaced from successive listening periods by an interval. The prescribed period of time is typically kept small to minimize power consumption. To increase likelihood of successful communication, the window may be forced to an open state, by use of an attention signal, in anticipation of an incoming message. To further minimize power consumption, it is desirable to minimize use of extended attention signals, which is accomplished by the transmitter maintaining an estimate of listening period start times and attempting to send messages only during listening periods. In the communication device, the estimate is updated as a result of information obtained with the reception of each message from the medical device.
1. An apparatus for synchronizing a first clock with a second clock, comprising:an oscillator for producing a first pulse stream that oscillates at an initial frequency; and a circuit for calculating a drift rate based on a difference in time between the first clock and the second clock, and for rem
1. An apparatus for synchronizing a first clock with a second clock, comprising:an oscillator for producing a first pulse stream that oscillates at an initial frequency; and a circuit for calculating a drift rate based on a difference in time between the first clock and the second clock, and for removing selected pulses from the first pulse stream based on the drift rate to produce a second pulse stream that is used to control at least one of the first clock and the second clock. 2. The apparatus recited in claim 1, wherein the second pulse stream generates a system timing signal that has a frequency less than that of the second pulse stream.3. The apparatus recited in claim 1, wherein the circuit is activated to steal at least two consecutive pulses from the first pulse stream.4. The apparatus recited in claim 1, further including at least one counter, wherein the circuit is activated upon receipt of a pulse from the at least one counter.5. The apparatus recited in claim 1, wherein the oscillator provides basic timing for an ambulatory medical device (MD) including MD electronic control circuitry that further includes at least one MD telemetry system and at least one MD processor that controls, at least in part, operation of the MD telemetry system and operation of the medical device, wherein the medical device is configured to provide a treatment to a body of a patient or to monitor a selected state of the body.6. The apparatus recited in claim 5, wherein the oscillator provides basic timing for a communication device (CD) including CD electronic control circuitry that further includes at least one CD telemetry system and at least one CD processor that controls, at least in part, operation of the CD telemetry system and operation of the communication device, wherein the CD telemetry system sends messages to or receives messages from the MD telemetry system.7. The apparatus recited in claim 6, wherein both the medical device and the communication device produce at least one timing signal from the second pulse stream for synchronizing communication between the medical device and the communication device.8. The apparatus recited in claim 1,wherein the first clock is part of a transmitting device for transmitting communication signals; and wherein the second clock is part of a receiving device for receiving the communication signals; and wherein the transmission of the communication signals by the transmitting device and the reception of the communication signals by the receiving device can be synchronized by synchronizing the first clock with the second clock. 9. An apparatus for synchronizing a first clock with a second clock, comprising:means for producing a first pulse stream that oscillates at an initial frequency; means for calculating a drift rate based on a difference in time between the first clock and the second clock; and means for removing selected pulses from the first pulse stream based on the drift rate to produce a second pulse stream that is used to control at least one of the first clock and the second clock. 10. The apparatus recited in claim 9, wherein the second pulse stream generates a system timing signal that has a frequency less than that of the second pulse stream.11. The apparatus recited in claim 9,wherein the first clock is part of a transmitting device for transmitting communication signals; wherein the second clock is part of a receiving device for receiving the communication signals; and wherein the transmission of the communication signals by the transmitting device and the reception of the communication signals by the receiving device can be synchronized by synchronizing the first clock with the second clock. 12. A method of synchronizing a first clock with a second clock, the method comprising:producing a first pulse stream that oscillates at an initial frequency; determining a drift rate based on a difference in time between the first clock and the second clock; removing selected pulses from the first pulse stream based on the drift rate to produce a second pulse stream; and controlling at least one of the first clock and the second clock based on the second pulse stream. 13. The method recited in claim 12, wherein the first pulse stream is generated by an oscillator.14. The method recited in claim 12, wherein the second pulse stream generates a system timing signal that has a frequency less than that of the second pulse stream.15. The method recited in claim 12, wherein removing selected pulses from the first pulse stream includes removing one or more consecutive pulses from the first pulse stream.16. The method recited in claim 12,wherein the first clock is part of a transmitting device for transmitting communication signals; wherein the second clock is part of a receiving device for receiving the communication signals; and wherein the transmission of the communication signals by the transmitting device and the reception of the communication signals by the receiving device can be synchronized by synchronizing the first clock with the second clock. 17. A method of generating a system timing signal, the method comprising:producing a first pulse stream that oscillates at an initial frequency that is greater than a desired frequency; and removing selected pulses from the first pulse stream to produce a second pulse stream that oscillates with an average frequency closer to a desired frequency than the initial frequency; wherein the second pulse stream generates a system timing signal that has a frequency less than that of the second pulse stream; and wherein the timing signal has a frequency less than about 1/100 of an average frequency of the second pulse stream. 18. A method of generating a system timing signal, the method comprising:producing a first pulse stream that oscillates at an initial frequency that is greater than a desired frequency; and removing selected pulses from the first pulse stream to produce a second pulse stream that oscillates with an average frequency closer to a desired frequency than the initial frequency; wherein the average frequency of the second pulse stream is no less than 90% of the initial frequency. 19. A method of generating a system timing signal, the method comprising:producing a first pulse stream that oscillates at an initial frequency that is greater than a desired frequency; and removing selected pulses from the first pulse stream to produce a second pulse stream that oscillates with an average frequency closer to a desired frequency than the initial frequency; wherein the average frequency of the second pulse stream is no less than 99% of the initial frequency. 20. A method of generating a system timing signal, the method comprising:producing a first pulse stream that oscillates at an initial frequency that is greater than a desired frequency; and removing selected pulses from the first pulse stream to produce a second pulse stream that oscillates with an average frequency closer to a desired frequency than the initial frequency; wherein removing selected pulses from the first pulse stream includes repetitively counting to a first predefined value and then removing a pulse from the first pulse stream to produce the second pulse stream. 21. The method recited in claim 20, further including generating a timing signal from the second pulse stream by counting to a second predefined value and then outputting a pulse.22. The method recited in claim 21, wherein the second predefined value is defined by software.23. The method recited in claim 21, wherein the second predefined value is defined by hardware.24. The method recited in claim 20, wherein the first predefined value is defined by software.25. The method recited in claim 24, wherein the first predefined value is subject to modification during a normal course of operation.26. The method recited in claim 25, wherein the modification of the first predefined value causes the second pulse stream to oscillate at a frequency closer to the desired frequency than before the modification.27. The method recited in claim 25, wherein the initial frequency varies with temperature and wherein the modification of the first predefined value is based at least in part on (1) an anticipated change in the initial frequency as a function of temperature, and (2) on an estimated or measured temperature, or variations in temperature.28. The method recited in claim 25, wherein the first predefined value is modifiable by software.29. The method recited in claim 25, wherein the first predefined value is, at least in part, modified based on measured variations in temperature.30. The method recited in claim 25, wherein the first predefined value is modified based on a difference in time between a first clock operated, at least indirectly, from the second pulse stream and a second clock that does not operate from the second pulse stream.31. The method recited in claim 30, wherein the first predefined value is modified based on, at least in part, a current value of the first predefined value and on a difference in lapsed time between at least two readings from the second clock.32. The method recited in claim 30, wherein the first pulse stream is provided, at least indirectly, from a crystal oscillator circuit that has an oscillation frequency at least somewhat greater than that to be used in a given application.33. The method recited in claim 32, wherein the crystal oscillator circuit and the first clock is part of a communication device and the second pulse stream operates with the communication device and wherein the second clock operates within a medical device communicating with the communication device.34. The method recited in claim 32, wherein the crystal oscillator circuit has a stability that is acceptable for the given application but has an oscillation tolerance greater than that acceptable for the given application.35. The method recited in claim 32, wherein an oscillator is selected for use in the given application that has a lower oscillation frequency tolerance limit that is greater than the desired oscillation frequency for the given application.36. A method of generating a system timing signal the method comprising:producing a first pulse stream that oscillates at an initial frequency that is greater than a desired frequency; and removing selected pulses from the first pulse stream to produce a second pulse stream that oscillates with an average frequency closer to a desired frequency than the initial frequency; wherein the second pulse stream generates a system timing signal that has a frequency less than that of the second pulse stream; and wherein the selected pulses are removed upon receipt of a pulse from at least one counter programmed to begin counting from a predefined value. 37. A method of generating a system timing signal, the method comprising:producing a first pulse stream that oscillates at an initial frequency that is greater than a desired frequency; removing selected pulses from the first pulse stream to produce a second pulse stream that oscillates with an average frequency closer to a desired frequency than the initial frequency, wherein the second pulse stream generates a system timing signal that has a frequency less than that of the second pulse stream; measuring at least one predetermined parameter in a system for which the system timing signal is generating; and removing the selected pulses from the first pulse stream at times determined at least in part based on the measured predetermined parameter. 38. The method recited in claim 37, wherein the at least one predetermined parameter is a temperature within the system.39. An apparatus for generating a timing signal, comprising:an oscillator for producing a first pulse stream that oscillates at an initial frequency that is greater than a desired frequency; a counter for repetitively counting to a first value; and a circuit for removing at least one pulse from the first pulse stream each time the counter counts to the first value to produce a second pulse stream that oscillates with an average frequency closer to a desired frequency than the initial frequency. 40. The apparatus recited in claim 39,wherein the first value is subject to modification during a normal course of operation.
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