초록 ▼

In a high pressure and high temperature reaction system suitable for oxidative waste treatment, particularly a reaction system for supercritical water oxidation (SCWO), a method is disclosed for injecting a first fluid of a first temperature at a first flow rate into a second fluid of a second tempe

In a high pressure and high temperature reaction system suitable for oxidative waste treatment, particularly a reaction system for supercritical water oxidation (SCWO), a method is disclosed for injecting a first fluid of a first temperature at a first flow rate into a second fluid of a second temperature at a second flow rate, mixing the first and the second fluids within a mixing length (115, 215), and wherein the first and second temperatures and the first and second flow rates are selected such that a temperature of the mixed fluids downstream of said mixing length (115, 215) is obtained, at which said first fluid being substantially non-corrosive.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A method for injecting a first fluid of a first temperature at a first flow rate into a second fluid of a second temperature at a second flow rate in a high pressure and high temperature reaction system suitable for oxidative waste treatment, comprising:transporting the first fluid in a first con

1. A method for injecting a first fluid of a first temperature at a first flow rate into a second fluid of a second temperature at a second flow rate in a high pressure and high temperature reaction system suitable for oxidative waste treatment, comprising:transporting the first fluid in a first conduit adapted to transport the first fluid;transporting the second fluid in a second conduit adapted to transport the second fluid, wherein the first conduit comprises an end within the interior of the second conduit, and wherein the first conduit is in fluid communication with the second conduit;mixing the first and the second fluids in the second conduit within a mixing length downstream of the end of the first conduit, wherein the second conduit comprises a tube or liner having at least an inner surface area made of a corrosion resistant material and extending along the mixing length to inhibit corrosion of the second conduit;wherein the first fluid is corrosive in a corrosive temperature range;wherein the corrosive temperature range excludes the second temperature and includes the first temperature;wherein the second temperature is selected to be lower than the corrosive temperature range;wherein the first and second temperatures and the first and second flow rates are selected such that the temperature of the mixed fluids downstream of the mixing length is lower than the corrosive temperature range; andwherein the first and second temperatures and the first and second flow rates are selected such that the mixed fluids downstream of the mixing length are at a temperature that is substantially non-corrosive for the first fluid.2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first fluid is corrosive at the first temperature, and wherein at least an inner surface area of the first conduit is made of a corrosion resistant material to inhibit corrosion of the first conduit.3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first fluid comprises nitric acid, and wherein the corrosive temperature range is between about 270° C. and about 380° C.4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first fluid comprises sulfuric acid.5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first fluid comprises hydrochloric acid.6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first fluid comprises a halogen.7. The method of claim 1, further comprising feeding the mixed fluids from the second conduit to a reactor of a high pressure and high temperature reaction system for oxidation of waste material.8. The method of claim 1, wherein the second conduit comprises part of a reactor of a high pressure and high temperature reaction system for oxidation of waste material.9. The method of claim 1, wherein the second fluid comprises cooling water.10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first fluid comprises destructed supercritical wastewater output from a reactor of a high pressure and high temperature reaction system.11. The method of claim 10, wherein the mixed fluids in the second conduit are output from the high pressure and high temperature reaction system.12. The method of claim 1, wherein at least the inner surface area of the tube or liner is made of a material selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, platinum, tantalum, niobium, or alloys thereof.13. A method for injecting a first fluid of a first temperature at a first flow rate into a second fluid of a second temperature at a second flow rate in a high pressure and high temperature reaction system suitable for oxidative waste treatment, comprising:transporting the first fluid in a first conduit adapted to transport the first fluid;transporting the second fluid in a second conduit adapted to transport the second fluid, wherein the first conduit comprises an end within the interior of the second conduit, and wherein the first conduit is in fluid communication with the second conduit;mixing the first and the second fluids in the second conduit within a mixing length downstream of the end of the first conduit, wherein the second conduit comprises a tube or liner having at least an inner surface area made of a corrosion resistant material and extending along the mixing length to inhibit corrosion of the second conduit;wherein the first fluid is corrosive in a corrosive temperature range;wherein the corrosive temperature range lies between the first temperature and the second temperature;wherein the second temperature is selected to be lower than the corrosive temperature range;wherein the first and second temperatures and the first and second flow rates are selected such that the temperature of the mixed fluids downstream of the mixing length is lower than the corrosive temperature range; andwherein the first and second temperatures and the first and second flow rates are selected such that the mixed fluids downstream of the mixing length are at a temperature that is substantially non-corrosive for the first fluid.14. The method of claim 13, wherein the first fluid comprises sulfuric acid.15. The method of claim 13, wherein the first fluid comprises hydrochloric acid.16. The method of claim 13, wherein the second fluid comprises cooling water.17. The method of claim 16, wherein the first fluid comprises destructed supercritical wastewater output from a reactor of a high pressure and high temperature reaction system.18. The method of claim 17, wherein the mixed fluids in the second conduit are output from the high pressure and high temperature reaction system.19. The method of claim 13, wherein the first fluid comprises nitric acid, and wherein the corrosive temperature range is between about 270° C. and about 380° C.20. A method for injecting a first fluid of a first temperature at a first flow rate into a second fluid of a second temperature at a second flow rate in a high pressure and high temperature reaction system suitable for oxidative waste treatment, comprising:transporting the first fluid in a first conduit adapted to transport the first fluid;transporting the second fluid in a second conduit adapted to transport the second fluid, wherein the first conduit comprises an end within the interior of the second conduit, and wherein the first conduit is in fluid communication with the second conduit;mixing the first and the second fluids in the second conduit within a mixing length downstream of the end of the first conduit, wherein the second conduit comprises a tube or liner having at least an inner surface area made of a corrosion resistant material and extending along the mixing length to inhibit corrosion of the second conduit, and upstream and downstream of the tube or liner, the second conduit comprises a construction material for high pressure and high temperature reaction systems suitable for supercritical water oxidation;wherein the first fluid is corrosive in a corrosive temperature range;wherein the corrosive temperature range excludes the second temperature and includes the first temperature;wherein the second temperature is selected to be higher than the corrosive temperature range;wherein the first and second temperatures and the first and second flow rates are selected such that the temperature of the mixed fluids downstream of the mixing length is higher than the corrosive temperature range; andwherein the first and second temperatures and the first and second flow rates are selected such that the mixed fluids downstream of the mixing length are at a temperature that is substantially non-corrosive for the first fluid.21. The method of claim 20, wherein the first fluid comprises a halogen.22. The method of claim 20, wherein the second fluid comprises supercritical water.23. The method of claim 22, wherein the second fluid comprises nitrogenous compounds.24. The method of claim 20, wherein at least the inner surface area of the tube or liner is made of a material selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, platinum, tantalum, niobium, or alloys thereof.25. The method of claim 20, wherein the first fluid comprises nitric acid, and wherein the corrosive temperature range is between about 270° C. and about 380° C.26. The method of claim 20, wherein the first fluid comprises sulfuric acid.27. The method of claim 20, wherein the first fluid comprises hydrochloric acid.28. A method for injecting a first fluid of a first temperature at a first flow rate into a second fluid of a second temperature at a second flow rate in a high pressure and high temperature reaction system suitable for oxidative waste treatment, comprising:transporting the first fluid in a first conduit adapted to transport the first fluid;transporting the second fluid in a second conduit adapted to transport the second fluid, wherein the first conduit comprises an end within the interior of the second conduit, and wherein the first conduit is in fluid communication with the second conduit;mixing the first and the second fluids in the second conduit within a mixing length downstream of the end of the first conduit, wherein the second conduit comprises a tube or liner having at least an inner surface area made of a corrosion resistant material and extending along the mixing length to inhibit corrosion of the second conduit and upstream and downstream of the tube or liner, the second conduit comprises a construction material for high pressure and high temperature reaction systems suitable for supercritical water oxidation;wherein the first fluid is corrosive in a corrosive temperature range;wherein the corrosive temperature range lies between the first temperature and the second temperature;wherein the second temperature is selected to be higher than the corrosive temperature range;wherein the first and second temperatures and the first and second flow rates are selected such that the temperature of the mixed fluids downstream of the mixing length is higher than the corrosive temperature range; andwherein the first and second temperatures and the first and second flow rates are selected such that the mixed fluids downstream of the mixing length are at a temperature that is substantially non-corrosive for the first fluid.29. The method of claim 28, wherein the first fluid comprises a halogen.30. The method of claim 28, wherein the second fluid comprises supercritical water.31. The method of claim 30, wherein the second fluid comprises nitrogenous compounds.32. The method of claim 28, wherein at least the inner surface area of the tube or liner is made of a material selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, platinum, tantalum, niobium, or alloys thereof.33. The method of claim 28, wherein the first fluid comprises sulfuric acid.34. The method of claim 28, wherein the first fluid comprises hydrochloric acid.35. The method of claim 28, wherein the first fluid comprises nitric acid, and wherein the corrosive temperature range is between about 270° C. and about 380° C.