The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy
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피인용 횟수 :
5인용 특허 :
5
초록▼
A spiral antenna having a pair of antenna arms mounted on a dielectric substrate. A balun is included to connect the antenna which has an impedance of 100 ohms to a 50 ohm cable. Unique features of the spiral antenna design provide for size reduction at a given lowest required frequency of operation
A spiral antenna having a pair of antenna arms mounted on a dielectric substrate. A balun is included to connect the antenna which has an impedance of 100 ohms to a 50 ohm cable. Unique features of the spiral antenna design provide for size reduction at a given lowest required frequency of operation. The spiral antenna has dielectric material layers positioned on both side of the antenna's metal arms. In addition, the antenna input impedance is reduced from the normal 100 ohm input impedance to approximately 50 ohms due the dielectric material.
대표청구항▼
1. A reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna comprising:(a) a dielectric substrate;(b) a spiral antenna having first and second antenna arms for radiating microwave energy, said spiral antenna being mounted on said dielectric substrate;(c) a balun having one end thereof being adapted to receiv
1. A reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna comprising:(a) a dielectric substrate;(b) a spiral antenna having first and second antenna arms for radiating microwave energy, said spiral antenna being mounted on said dielectric substrate;(c) a balun having one end thereof being adapted to receive a fifty ohm cable and an opposite end thereof having first and second antenna signal arm inputs, the first antenna signal arm input of said balun being connected to an inner end of said first antenna arm and the second antenna signal arm input of said balun being connected to an inner end of said second antenna arm;(d) a first plurality of stacked dielectric layers having dielectric constants in a range from about 4.0 to about 20.0, said first plurality of stacked dielectric layers being disposed on one side of said dielectric substrate above said spiral antenna;(e) a second plurality of stacked dielectric layers having dielectric constants in a range from about 4.0 to about 20.0, said second plurality of stacked dielectric layers being disposed on an opposite side of said dielectric substrate below said spiral antenna, wherein said first plurality of stacked dielectric layers, and said second plurality of stacked dielectric layers provide for a size reduction of said spiral antenna; and(f) said first plurality of stacked dielectric layers, and said second plurality of stacked dielectric layers providing for a size reduction of said balun and an impedance match between said fifty ohm cable and the first and second antenna arms of said spiral antenna.2. The reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna of claim 1 further comprising first and second resistive loads, said first resistive load being connected to an outer end of said first antenna arm and said second resistive load being connected to an outer end of said second antenna arm, said first and second resistive loads being resistors of approximately fifty ohms.3. The reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna of claim 2 further comprising a metallic ring formed around the first and second antenna arms of said spiral antenna and mounted on said dielectric substrate, said first and second resistive loads being connected to said metallic ring.4. The reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna of claim 3 wherein said first and second resistive loads attenuate residual currents remaining on said first and second antenna arms after said microwave energy radiates from said spiral antenna.5. The reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna of claim 1 further comprising a housing having a cover secured to an upper end of said housing and an interior, said dielectric substrate, said spiral antenna, said first plurality of stacked dielectric layers, and said second plurality of stacked dielectric layers being disposed within the interior of said housing.6. The reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna of claim 1 further comprising a cavity absorber which is positioned in proximity to said first and second antenna arms below said second plurality of stacked dielectric layers, wherein said cavity absorber allows for a frequency of operation of 500 MHz for said spiral antenna which is a lowest frequency of operation for said spiral antenna.7. The reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna of claim 1 wherein said spiral antenna has an operating frequency in a frequency range from 500 MHz to 1.1 GHz.8. The reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna of claim 1 wherein the dielectric constants for said first plurality of stacked dielectric layers and said second plurality of dielectric layers decrease from a dielectric constant of 20 for first dielectric layers within said first and second plurality of stacked dielectric layers which are closest to said spiral antenna to a dielectric constant of 4.0 for dielectric layers “N” within said first and second plurality of stacked dielectric layers which are furthest away from said spiral antenna.9. A reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna comprising:(a) a dielectric substrate;(b) an archimedean spiral antenna having first and second antenna arms for radiating microwave energy, said archimedean spiral antenna being mounted on said dielectric substrate;(c) a balun having one end thereof being adapted to receive a fifty ohm cable and an opposite end thereof having first and second antenna signal arm inputs, the first antenna signal arm input of said balun being connected to an inner end of said first antenna arm and the second antenna signal arm input of said balun being connected to an inner end of said second antenna arm;(d) first, second and third stacked dielectric layers having dielectric constants in a range from 4.0 to 10.0, said first, second and third stacked dielectric layers being disposed on one side of said dielectric substrate above said archimedean spiral antenna;(e) fourth, fifth and sixth stacked dielectric layers having dielectric constants in a range from 4.0 to 10.0, said fourth, fifth and sixth stacked dielectric layers being disposed on an opposite side of said dielectric substrate below said archimedean spiral antenna, wherein said first, second, and third stacked dielectric layers, and said fourth, fifth and sixth stacked dielectric layers provide for a size reduction of said archimedean spiral antenna; and(f) said first, second and third stacked dielectric layers, and said fourth, fifth and sixth stacked dielectric layers providing for a size reduction of said balun and an impedance match between said fifty ohm cable and the first and second antenna arms of said archimedean spiral antenna which have an impedance of approximately 100 ohms.10. The reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna of claim 9 further comprising first and second resistive loads, said first resistive load being connected to an outer end of said first antenna arm and said second resistive load being connected to an outer end of said second antenna arm, said first and second resistive loads being resistors of approximately fifty ohms.11. The reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna of claim 10 further comprising a metallic ring formed around the first and second antenna arms of archimedean spiral antenna and mounted on said dielectric substrate, said first and second resistive loads being connected to said metallic ring.12. The reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna of claim 11 wherein said first and second resistive loads attenuate residual currents remaining on said first and second antenna arms after said microwave energy radiates from said archimedean spiral antenna.13. The reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna of claim 9 further comprising a housing having a cover secured to an upper end of said housing and an interior, said dielectric substrate, said archimedean spiral antenna, said first, second, and third stacked dielectric layers, and said fourth, fifth and sixth stacked dielectric layers being disposed within the interior of said housing.14. The reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna of claim 9 further comprising a cavity absorber which is positioned in proximity to said first and second antenna arms below said fourth, fifth and sixth stacked dielectric layers, wherein said cavity absorber allows for a frequency of operation of 500 MHz for said archimedean spiral antenna which is a lowest frequency of operation for said archimedean spiral antenna.15. The reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna of claim 9 wherein said archimedean spiral antenna has an operating frequency in a frequency range from 500 MHz to 1.1 GHz.16. The reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna of claim 1 wherein the dielectric constant for said first and fourth dielectric layers is 10, the dielectric constant for said second and fifth dielectric layers is 6 and the dielectric constant for said third and sixth dielectric layers is 4.0, said first and fourth dielectric layers being closest to said archimedean spiral antenna and said third and sixth dielectric layers being furthest away from said archimedean spiral antenna.17. A reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna comprising:(a) a dielectric substrate;(b) an archimedean spiral antenna having first and second antenna arms for radiating microwave energy, said archimedean spiral antenna being mounted on said dielectric substrate;(c) a balun having one end thereof being adapted to receive a fifty ohm cable and an opposite end thereof having first and second antenna signal arm inputs, the first antenna signal arm input of said balun being connected to an inner end of said first antenna arm and the second antenna signal arm input of said balun being connected to an inner end of said second antenna arm;(d) first, second and third stacked dielectric layers having dielectric constants in a range from 4.0 to 10.0, said first, second and third stacked dielectric layers being disposed on one side of said dielectric substrate above said archimedean spiral antenna;(e) fourth, fifth and sixth stacked dielectric layers having dielectric constants in a range from 4.0 to 10.0, said fourth, fifth and sixth stacked dielectric layers being disposed on an opposite side of said dielectric substrate below said archimedean spiral antenna, wherein said first, second, and third stacked dielectric layers, and said fourth, fifth and sixth stacked dielectric layers substantially reduce a propagation velocity for currents along said first and second antenna arms providing for a size reduction of said archimedean spiral antenna;(f) said first, second and third stacked dielectric layers, and said fourth, fifth and sixth stacked dielectric layers providing for a size reduction of said balun and an impedance match between said fifty ohm cable and the first and second antenna arms of said archimedean spiral antenna which have an impedance of approximately 100 ohms;(g) first and second resistive loads, said first resistive load being connected to an outer end of said first antenna arm and said second resistive load being connected to an outer end of said second antenna arm, said first and second resistive loads being resistors of approximately fifty ohms;(h) a metallic ring formed around the first and second antenna arms of archimedean spiral antenna and mounted on said dielectric substrate, said first and second resistive loads being connected to said metallic ring; and(i) a cavity absorber which is positioned in proximity to said first and second antenna arms below said fourth, fifth and sixth stacked dielectric layers, wherein said cavity absorber allows for a frequency of operation of 500 MHz for said archimedean spiral antenna which is a lowest frequency of operation for said archimedean spiral antenna.18. The reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna of claim 17 wherein said first and second resistive loads attenuate residual currents remaining on said first and second antenna arms after said microwave energy radiates from said archimedean spiral antenna.19. The reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna of claim 17 further comprising a housing having a cover secured to an upper end of said housing and an interior, said dielectric substrate, said archimedean spiral antenna, said first, second, and third stacked dielectric layers, and said fourth, fifth and sixth stacked dielectric layers being disposed within the interior of said housing.20. The reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna of claim 17 wherein said archimedean spiral antenna has an operating frequency in a frequency range from 500 MHz to 1.1 GHz.21. The reduced size dielectric loaded spiral antenna of claim 17 wherein the dielectric constant for said first and fourth dielectric layers is 10, the dielectric constant for said second and fifth dielectric layers is 6 and the dielectric constant for said third and sixth dielectric layers is 4.0, said first and fourth dielectric layers being closest to said archimedean spiral antenna and said third and sixth dielectric layers being furthest away from said archimedean spiral antenna.
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