IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0439146
(2003-05-15)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Webb,Cynthia C.
- Bykowski,Bruce B.
- Bartley,Gordon J.
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출원인 / 주소 |
- Southwest Research Institute
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
3 인용 특허 :
45 |
초록
A method for accelerated aging of an automotive catalytic converter under conditions incorporating cold start simulation.
대표청구항
▼
We claim: 1. A method for simulating the impact of cold start on a catalytic converter, the method comprising: providing a non-engine based exhaust component rapid aging system comprising a combustor in fluid communication with an air supplier, a fuel supplier and a catalytic converter, said combus
We claim: 1. A method for simulating the impact of cold start on a catalytic converter, the method comprising: providing a non-engine based exhaust component rapid aging system comprising a combustor in fluid communication with an air supplier, a fuel supplier and a catalytic converter, said combustor producing a flowpath comprising at least a first collapse, an expansion, and a second collapse and providing substantially continuous and effective stoichiometric combustion of a fuel feedstream to produce an exhaust product; subjecting the catalytic converter to a sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles to simulate the effect of cold start aging on said catalytic converter, the simulated cold start cycles comprising: exposing said catalytic converter at an initial temperature sufficiently low to simulate cold start to a flow of atomized lubricating oil suspended in air at a flow rate for a first flow time effective to simulate the flow of lubricating oil to the catalytic converter upon cold start of an engine; activating said combustor under conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode, said activating occurring while continuing said flow of lubricating oil at said flow rate for second flow time; halting said flow of lubricating oil; and maintaining said conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode for a period of time effective to prevent excess build-up of unburned oil on the face of the catalyst, thereby producing a cold start aged catalytic converter; and evaluating the efficiency of the cold start aged catalytic converter. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein said initial temperature is 100째 C. or less. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein said initial temperature is 70째 C. or less. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein said flow rate of the lubricating oil is from about 10 to about 40 grams/hour. 5. The method of claim 2 wherein said flow rate of the lubricating oil is from about 10 to about 40 grams/hour. 6. The method of claim 2 wherein said flow rate of the lubricating oil is from about 28 to about 30 grams/hour. 7. The method of claim 1 wherein said first flow time is from about 2 seconds to about 15 seconds. 8. The method of claim 1 wherein said first flow time is about 4 seconds. 9. The method of claim 2 wherein said first flow time is from about 2 seconds to about 15 seconds. 10. The method of claim 2 wherein said second flow time is about 20 seconds or more. 11. The method of claim 5 wherein said first flow time is from about 2 seconds to about 15 seconds. 12. The method of claim 5 wherein said second flow time is about 20 seconds or more. 13. The method of claim 11 wherein said second flow time is about 20 seconds or more. 14. The method of claim 2 wherein the conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode comprise an air:fuel ratio (AFR) of from about 9:1 to about 14:1. 15. The method of claim 3 wherein the conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode comprise an air fuel ratio (AFR) of from about 9:1 to about 14:1. 16. The method of claim 5 wherein the conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode comprise an air fuel ratio (AFR) of from about 9:1 to about 14:1. 17. The method of claim 6 wherein the conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode comprise an air fuel ratio (AFR) of from about 9:1 to about 14:1. 18. The method of claim 13 wherein the conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode comprise an air fuel ratio (AFR) of from about 9:1 to about 14:1. 19. The method of claim 1 wherein said period of time is about 20 seconds or more. 20. The method of claim 1 wherein said period of time is about 60 seconds. 21. The method of claim 13 wherein said period of time is about 20 seconds or more. 22. The method of claim 13 wherein said period of time is about 60 seconds. 23. The method of claim 1 further comprising cooling said catalytic converter to said initial temperature. 24. The method of claim 23 wherein said cooling comprising blowing air onto said catalytic converter at an initial air flow rate of 40 SCFM or more. 25. The method of claim 24 wherein said initial air flow rate is 50 SCFM. 26. The method of claim 2 further comprising cooling said catalytic converter to said initial temperature. 27. The method of claim 26 wherein said cooling comprising blowing air onto said catalytic converter at on initial air flow rate of 40 SCFM or more. 28. The method of claim 5 further comprising cooling said catalytic converter to said initial temperature. 29. The method of claim 28 wherein said cooling comprising blowing air onto said catalytic converter at an initial air flow rate of 40 SCFM or more. 30. The method of claim 11 further comprising cooling said catalytic converter to said initial temperature. 31. The method of claim 30 wherein said cooling comprising blowing air onto said catalytic converter at an initial air flow rate of 40 SCFM or more. 32. The method of claim 13 further comprising cooling said catalytic converter to said initial temperature. 33. The method of claim 32 wherein said cooling comprising blowing air onto said catalytic converter at an initial air flow rate of 40 SCFM or more. 34. The method of claim 1 wherein said sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles is up to about 60,000 cycles. 35. The method of claim 1 wherein said sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles is from about 35,000 to about 40,000 cycles. 36. The method of claim 32 wherein said sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles is up to about 60,000 cycles. 37. The method of claim 32 wherein, said sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles is from about 35,000 to about 40,000 cycles. 38. A method for simulating the impact of cold start on a catalytic converter, the method comprising: providing a non-engine based exhaust component rapid aging system (NEBECRAS) comprising a combustor in fluid communication with an air supplier, a fuel supplier, and a catalytic converter, said combustor producing a flowpath comprising at least a first collapse, an expansion, and a second collapse and providing substantially continuous and effective stoichiometric combustion of a fuel feedstream to produce an exhaust product; subjecting said catalytic converter to a sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles co simulate the effect of cold start aging on the catalytic converter, the simulated cold start cycles comprising: exposing said catalytic converter at an initial temperature of about 70째 C. or less to a flow of atomized lubricating oil suspended in air at a flow rate of from about 10 to about 40 grams/hour for a first flow time effective to simulate the flow of lubricating oil to the catalytic converter upon colds tart of an engine; activating said combustor under conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode, said activating occurring while continuing said flow of lubricating oil at said flow rate for second flow time; halting said flow of lubricating oil; and maintaining said conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode for a period of time effective to prevent excess build-up of unburned oil on the face of the catalyst, thereby producing a cold start aged catalytic converter; and, evaluating the efficiency of the cold start aged catalytic converter. 39. The method of claim 38 wherein said flow rate of the lubricating oil is from about 28 to about 30 grams/hour. 40. The method of claim 38 wherein said first flow time is from about 2 seconds to about 15 seconds. 41. The method of claim 39 wherein said first flow time is from about 2 seconds to about 15 seconds. 42. The method of claim 39 wherein said first flow time is about 4 seconds. 43. The method of claim 38 wherein said second flow time is about 20 seconds or more. 44. The method of claim 39 wherein said second flow time is about 20 seconds or more. 45. The method of claim 40 wherein said second flow time is about 20 seconds or more. 46. The method of claim 41 wherein said second flow time is about 20 seconds or more. 47. The method of claim 42 wherein said second flow time is about 20 seconds or more. 48. The method of claim 42 wherein said second flow time is 22 seconds. 49. The method of claim 38 wherein the conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode comprise an air fuel ratio (AFR) of from about 9:1 to about 14:1. 50. The method of claim 40 wherein the conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode comprise an air:fuel ratio (AFR) of from about 9:1 to about 14:1. 51. The method of claim 45 wherein the conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode comprise an air:fuel ratio (AFR) of from about 9:1 to about 4:1. 52. The method of claim 47 wherein the conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode comprise an air:fuel ratio (AFR) of from about 9:1to about 4:1. 53. The method of claim 38 wherein said period of time is about 20 seconds or more. 54. The method of claim 38 wherein said period of time is about 60 seconds. 55. The method of claim 40 wherein said period of time is about 20 seconds or more. 56. The method of claim 45 wherein said period of time is about 20 seconds or more. 57. The method of claim 47 wherein said period of time is about 20 seconds or more. 58. The method of claim 51 wherein said period of time is about 20 seconds or more. 59. The method of claim 52 wherein said period of time is about 60 seconds. 60. The method of claim 38 further comprising cooling said catalytic converter to said initial temperature. 61. The method of claim 60 wherein said cooling comprising blowing air onto said catalytic converter at an initial air flow rate of 40 SCFM or more. 62. The method of claim 61 wherein said initial air flow rate is 50 SCFM. 63. The method of claim 40 further comprising cooling said catalytic converter to said initial temperature. 64. The method of claim 63 wherein said cooling comprising blowing air onto said catalytic converter at an initial air flow rate of 40 SCFM or more. 65. The method of claim 64 wherein said initial air flow rate is 50 SCFM. 66. The method of claim 45 further comprising cooling said catalytic converter to said initial temperature. 67. The method of claim 66 wherein said cooling comprising blowing air onto said catalytic converter at an initial air flow rate of 40 SCFM or more. 68. The method of claim 67 wherein said initial air flow rate is 50 SCFM. 69. The method of claim 38 wherein said sufficient number of cold start cycles is up to about 60,000 cycles. 70. The method of claim 38 wherein said sufficient number of cold start cycles is from about 35,000 to about 40,000 cycles. 71. The method of claim 66 wherein said sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles is up to about 60,000 cycles. 72. The method of claim 66 wherein said sufficient number of cold start cycles is from about 35,000 to about 40,000 cycles. 73. A method for simulating catalytic converter aging using a non-engine based exhaust component rapid aging system (NEBECRAS), the method comprising: exposing said catalytic converter to a sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles to simulate the effect of cold start aging on the catalytic converter, said simulated cold start cycles comprising: exposing said catalytic converter at an initial temperature of 70째 C. or less to a flow of atomized lubricating oil suspended in air at a flow rate for a first flow time effective to simulate the flow of lubricating oil to the catalytic converter upon cold start of an engine; supplying fuel to a combustor via a nozzle at an air to fuel ratio (AFR) and under conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode and to produce a feedstream flowpath comprising a first collapse, an expansion and a second collapse, said feedstream flowpath comprising a flame, said feedstream flowpath being effective to prevent the flame from attaching to the nozzle during combustion of the fuel; substantially simultaneously continuing said flow of lubricating oil at said flow rate for second flow time; halting said flow of lubricating oil; maintaining said conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode for a period of time effective to prevent excess build-up of unburned oil on the face of the catalyst and to produce an exhaust product; and exposing a catalytic convener to the exhaust product, producing a cold start aged catalyst. 74. The method of claim 73 further comprising evaluating the efficiency of the cold start aged catalytic converter. 75. The method of claim 74 wherein said flow rate of the lubricating oil is from about 10 to about 40 grams/hour. 76. The method of claim 74 wherein said flow rate of the lubricating oil is from about 28 to about 30 grams/hour. 77. The method of claim 74 wherein said first flow time is from about 2 seconds to about 15 seconds. 78. The method of claim 74 wherein said first flow time is about 4 seconds. 79. The method of claim 74 wherein said second flow time is about 20 seconds or more. 80. The method of claim 74 wherein said second flow time is 22 seconds. 81. The method of claim 75 wherein said first flow time is from about 2 seconds to about 15 seconds. 82. The method of claim 75 wherein said first flow time is about 4 seconds. 83. The method of claim 74 wherein said second flow time is about 20 seconds or more. 84. The method of claim 75 wherein said second flow time is about 20 seconds or more. 85. The method of claim 81 wherein said second flow time is about 20 seconds or more. 86. The method of claim 74 wherein the conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode comprise an air:fuel ratio (AFR) of from about 9:1 to about 14:1. 87. The method of claim 75 wherein the conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode comprise an air:fuel ratio (AFR) of from about 9:1 to about 14:1. 88. The method of claim 81 wherein the conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode comprise an air:fuel ratio (AFR) of from about 9:1 to about 4:1. 89. The method of claim 85 wherein the conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode comprise an air:fuel ratio (AFR) of from about 9:1 to about 14:1. 90. The method of claim 85 wherein the conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode comprise an AFR of about 13.15:1. 91. The method of claim 74 wherein said period of time is about 20 seconds or more. 92. The method of claim 74 wherein said period of time is about 60 seconds. 93. The method of claim 75 wherein said period of time is about 20 seconds or more. 94. The method of claim 75 wherein said period of time is about 60 seconds. 95. The method of claim 89 wherein said period of time is about 20 seconds or more. 96. The method of claim 89 wherein said period of time is about 60 seconds. 97. The method of claim 74 further comprising cooling said catalytic converter to said initial temperature. 98. The method of claim 97 wherein said cooling comprising blowing air onto said catalytic converter at an initial air flow rate of 40 SCFM or more. 99. The method of claim 98 wherein said initial air flow rate is 50 SCFM. 100. The method of claim 75 further comprising cooling said catalytic converter to said initial temperature. 101. The method of claim 100 wherein said cooling comprising blowing air onto said catalytic converter at an initial air flow rate of 40 SCFM or more. 102. The method of claim 101 wherein said initial air flow rate is 50 SCFM. 103. The method of claim 79 further comprising cooling said catalytic converter to said initial temperature. 104. The method of claim 103 wherein said cooling comprising blowing air onto said catalytic converter at an initial air flow rate of 40 SCFM or more. 105. The method of claim 103 wherein said initial air flow rate is 50 SCFM. 106. The method of claim 85 further comprising cooling said catalytic converter to said initial temperature. 107. The method of claim 106 wherein said cooling comprising blowing air onto said catalytic converter at an initial air flow rate of 40 SCFM or more. 108. The method of claim 107 wherein said initial air flow rate is 50 SCFM. 109. The method of claim 74 further comprising providing substantially continuous automated fuel metering control. 110. The method of claim 85 further comprising providing substantially continuous automated fuel metering control. 111. The method of claim 106 further comprising providing substantially continuous automated fuel metering control. 112. The method of claim 74 further comprising providing substantially continuous automated safety control. 113. The method of claim 85 further comprising providing substantially continuous automated safety control. 114. The method of claim 111 further comprising providing substantially continuous automated safety control. 115. The method of claim 114 further comprising providing substantially continuous automated safety control. 116. The method of claim 74 wherein said sufficient number of cold start cycle is up to about 60,000 cycles. 117. The method of claim 74 wherein said sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles is from about 35,000 to about 40,000 cycles. 118. The method of claim 106 wherein said sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles is up to about 60,000 cycles. 119. The method of claim 106 wherein said sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles is from about 35,000 to about 40,000 cycles. 120. The method of claim 111 wherein said sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles is up to about 60,000 cycles. 121. The method of claim 111 wherein said sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles is from about 35,000 to about 40,000 cycles. 122. A method for simulating the impact of cold start on a catalytic converter, the method comprising: providing a non-engine based exhaust component rapid aging system comprising a combustor in fluid communication with an air supplier, a fuel supplier, and a catalytic converter, said combustor comprising a swirl plate comprising a substantially central bore and a combustor tube comprising an inner wall, said swirl plate producing a first feedstream flowpath comprising air directed inward toward said bore and a second feedstream flowpath comprising air directed outward toward said inner wall of said combustor tube, said combustor providing substantially continuous and effective stoichiometric combustion of a fuel feedstream to produce an exhaust product; subjecting the catalytic converter to a sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles to simulate the effect of cold start aging on said catalytic converter, the simulated cold start cycles comprising: exposing said catalytic converter at an initial temperature sufficiently low to simulate cold start to a flow of atomized lubricating oil suspended in air at a flow rate for a first flow time effective to simulate the flow of lubricating oil to the catalytic converter upon cold start of an engine; activating said combustor under conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode, said activating occurring while continuing said flow of lubricating oil at said flow rate for second flow time; halting said flow of lubricating oil; and maintaining said conditions effective to simulate rich warn up mode for a period of time effective to prevent excess build-up of unburned oil on the face of the catalyst, thereby producing a cold start aged catalytic converter; and evaluating the efficiency of the cold start aged catalytic converter. 123. The method of claim 122 wherein said initial, temperature is 100째 C. or less; said flow rate of the lubricating oil is from about 10 to about 40 gram/hour; said first flow time is from about 2 seconds to about 15 seconds; said second flow time is about 20 seconds or more; said period of time is about 20 seconds or more; and, the conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode comprise an air:fuel ratio (AFR) of from about 9:1 to about 14:1. 124. The method of claim 122 wherein said initial temperature is 70째 C. or less; said flow rate of the lubricating oil is from about 28 to about 30 grams/hour; and, said first flow time is about 4 seconds. 125. The method of claim 123 wherein said period of time is about 60 seconds. 126. The method of claim 125 further comprising cooling said catalytic converter to said initial temperature. 127. The method of claim 126 wherein said cooling comprises blowing air onto said catalytic converter at an initial air flow rate of 40 SCFM or more. 128. The method of claim 122 wherein said sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles is up to about 60,000 cycles. 129. The method of claim 123 wherein said sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles is up to about 60,000 cycles. 130. The method of claim 123 wherein said sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles is from about 35,000to about 40,000 cycles. 131. A method for simulating the impact of cold start on a catalytic converter, the method comprising; providing a non-engine based exhaust component rapid aging system comprising a combustor in fluid communication with an air supplier a fuel supplier, and a catalytic converter, said combustor producing a pattern of collapsed conical and swirl flow in said combustion tube that defines at least one flowpath along said bore, wherein said bore comprises an inner diameter, and a pattern produced by said flowpath collapses and expands at intervals that are substantially equal to said inner diameter of said burner, said combustor providing substantially continuous and effective stoichiometric combustion of a fuel feedstream to produce an exhaust product; subjecting the catalytic converter to a sufficient number of simulated void start cycles to simulate the effect of cold start aging on said catalytic converter, the simulated cold start cycles comprising: exposing said catalytic converter at an initial temperature sufficiently low to simulate cold start to a flow of atomized lubricating oil suspended in air at a flow rate for a first flow time effective to simulate the flow of lubricating oil to the catalytic converter upon cold start of an engine; activating said combustor under conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode, said activating occurring while continuing said flow of lubricating oil at said flow rate for second flow time; halting said flow of lubricating oil; and maintaining said conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode for a period of time effective to prevent excess build-up of unburned oil on the face of the catalyst, thereby producing a cold start aged catalytic converter; and evaluating the efficiency of the cold start aged catalytic converter. 132. The method of claim 131 wherein said initial temperature is 100째 C. or less; said flow rate of the lubricating oil is from about 10 to about 40 grams/hour; said first flow time is from about 2 seconds to about 15 seconds; said second flow time is about 20 seconds or more; said period of time is about 20 seconds or more; and, the conditions effective to simulate rich warm up mode comprise an air:fuel ratio (AFR) of from about 9:1 to about 14:1. 133. The method of claim 131 wherein said initial temperature is 70째 C. or less; said flow rate of the lubricating oil is from about 28 to about 30 grams/hour; and, said first flow time is about 4 seconds. 134. The method of claim 132 wherein said period of time is about 60 seconds. 135. The method of claim 132 further comprising cooling said catalytic converter to said initial temperature. 136. The method of claim 135 wherein said cooling comprises blowing air onto said catalytic converter at an initial airflow rate of 40 SCFM or more. 137. The method of claim 122 wherein said sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles is up to about 60,000 cycles. 138. The method of claim 123 wherein said sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles is up to about 60,000 cycles. 139. The method of claim 123 wherein said sufficient number of simulated cold start cycles is from about 35,000 to about 40,000 cycles.
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