IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0701064
(1999-05-17)
|
우선권정보 |
DE-198 22 689(1998-05-20) |
국제출원번호 |
PCT/EP99/003375
(1999-05-17)
|
§371/§102 date |
20010504
(20010504)
|
국제공개번호 |
WO99/060646
(1999-11-25)
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Duebel,Olaf
- Koenig,Axel
- Ekdunge,Per
- Alin,Peter
- Reinkingh,Jessica Grace
- Mallant,Ronald
|
출원인 / 주소 |
|
대리인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
4 인용 특허 :
2 |
초록
▼
A fuel-cell system, particularly a drive system for a motor vehicle, includes an autothermal reformer unit for producing hydrogen from a raw material in order to operate a downstream fuel cell unit. An oxidation device for converting carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide is arranged between the reform
A fuel-cell system, particularly a drive system for a motor vehicle, includes an autothermal reformer unit for producing hydrogen from a raw material in order to operate a downstream fuel cell unit. An oxidation device for converting carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide is arranged between the reformer unit and the fuel-cell unit. The fuel-cell system further includes a two-stage compressor, which supplies a first pressure to a cathode of the fuel cell unit by a first stage and supplies a second pressure to the reformer unit by a second stage.
대표청구항
▼
What is claimed is: 1. A fuel-cell system, comprising: a reformer unit configured to produce hydrogen from a raw material and inflowing air; a fuel-cell unit disposed downstream of the reformer unit, fuel-cell unit being operable in accordance with the hydrogen produced by the reformer unit; an o
What is claimed is: 1. A fuel-cell system, comprising: a reformer unit configured to produce hydrogen from a raw material and inflowing air; a fuel-cell unit disposed downstream of the reformer unit, fuel-cell unit being operable in accordance with the hydrogen produced by the reformer unit; an oxidation device configured to convert carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide, the oxidation device being located between the reformer unit and the fuel-cell unit; and a compressor, one stage of the compressor configured to supply air to the reformer unit and another stage of the compressor configured to supply air to the fuel-cell unit, wherein the compressor is configured to compress the air to first pressure and to further compress to a second pressure the air compressed to the first pressure, the compressor tapped at the first pressure to supply the air to the fuel-cell unit and tapped at the second pressure to supply the air to the reformer unit. 2. The fuel-cell system according to claim 1, wherein the fuel-cell system comprises a drive system for a motor vehicle. 3. The fuel-cell system according to claim 1, wherein the raw material includes a liquid raw material. 4. The fuel-cell system according to claim 1, wherein the compressor is configured to supply air tapped to the at the first pressure to a cathode of the fuel-cell unit, the first stage having a lower pressure than the second stage. 5. The fuel-cell system according to claim 1, wherein the compressor includes one of a reciprocating compressor, a screw-type compressor and a centrifugal compressor. 6. A fuel-cell system, comprising: a reformer unit configured to produce hydrogen from a raw material and inflowing air; a fuel-cell unit disposed downstream of the reformer unit, the fuel-cell unit being operable in accordance with the hydrogen produced by the reformer unit; an oxidation device configured to convert carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide, the oxidation device being located between the reformer unit and the fuel-cell unit; and a two-stage compressor configured to supply air to the reformer unit and the fuel-cell unit, wherein the two-stage compressor includes a first stage configured to supply air to a cathode of the fuel-cell unit and a second stage configured to supply air to the reformer unit, the first stage having a lower pressure than the second stage, and wherein the pressure in the first stage is approximately 2.5 bar to 3.5 bar. 7. The fuel-cell system according to claim 6, wherein the pressure in the first stage is approximately 3 bar. 8. A fuel-cell system, comprising: a reformer unit configured to produce hydrogen from a raw material and inflowing air; a fuel-cell unit disposed downstream of the reformer unit, the fuel cell being operable in accordance with the hydrogen produced by the reformer unit; an oxidation device configured to convert carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide, the oxidation device being located between the reformer unit and the fuel-cell unit; and a two-stage compressor configured to supply air to the reformer unit and the fuel-cell unit, wherein the two-stage compressor includes a first stage configured to supply air to a cathode of the fuel-cell unit and a second stage configured to supply air to the reformer unit, the first stage having a lower pressure than the second stage, and wherein the pressure in the second stage is approximately 3.2 bar to 4.2 bar. 9. The fuel-cell system according to claim 8, wherein the pressure in the second stage is approximately 3.7 bar. 10. A fuel-cell system, comprising: a reformer unit configured to produce hydrogen from a raw material and inflowing air; a fuel-cell unit disposed downstream of the reformer unit, the fuel-cell being operable in accordance with the hydrogen produced by the reformer unit; an oxidation device configured to convert carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide, the oxidation device being located between the reformer unit and the fuel-cell unit; and a two-stage compressor configured to supply air to the reformer unit and the fuel-cell unit, wherein the two-stage compressor includes a first stage configured to supply air to a cathode of the fuel-cell unit and a second stage configured to supply air to the reformer unit, the first stage having a lower pressure than the second stage, and wherein the pressure in the second stage is approximately 0.5 bar to 0.9 bar higher than the pressure in the first stage. 11. The fuel-cell system according to claim 10, wherein the pressure in the second stage is approximately 0.7 bar higher than the pressure in the first stage. 12. The fuel-cell system according to claim 1, wherein the reformer unit includes a mixer configured to mix the raw material and the air. 13. The fuel-cell system according to claim 1, further comprising a water separation device disposed in at least one of an exhaust-gas stream from a cathode of the fuel-cell unit, in an exhaust-gas stream from an anode of the fuel-cell unit and in a cleaned-gas stream from the oxidation unit, the water separating device configured to separate water contained in the corresponding gas and to supply the separated water to a water-storage device disposed upstream of the reformer unit. 14. The fuel-cell system according to claim 13, wherein the water separation device includes a condenser. 15. The fuel-cell system according to claim 13, further comprising a water circulation loop configured to cool at least one of the water separation device, the fuel-cell unit, the air supplied to the cathode of the fuel-cell unit and the air supplied to the reformer unit. 16. The fuel-cell system according to claim 1, further comprising a water injection device configured to injected water into the oxidation unit. 17. The fuel-cell system according to claim 16, wherein the water injection device is provided at the oxidation unit. 18. The fuel-cell system according to claim 1, further comprising a catalytic burner configured to combust exhaust gas from an anode of the fuel-cell unit and to direct corresponding waste heat through a heat exchanger to the reformer unit. 19. The fuel-cell system according to claim 18, wherein the catalytic burner is connected to a supply tank supplying the raw material. 20. The fuel-cell system according to claim 1, further comprising an expander provided in an exhaust-gas stream of a cathode of the fuel-cell unit and a compressor provided in a supply-air stream of the fuel-cell unit, the expander and compressor being arranged on a common shaft. 21. The fuel-cell system according to claim 1, wherein the raw material includes a hydrogen-containing substance. 22. The fuel-cell system according to claim 21, wherein the hydrogen-containing substance includes at least one of methanol and gasoline. 23. A method for generating electrical energy using a fuel-cell system, comprising the steps of: producing hydrogen from a raw material in a reforming process with inflowing air, a fuel-cell unit of the fuel-cell system, being operable in accordance with the produced hydrogen; oxidizing carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide after the reforming process and upstream of the fuel-cell unit; and supplying air to the fuel-cell unit by tapping a compressor at a first pressure and to the reformer unit by tapping the compressor at a second higher pressure, the compressor compressing the air to the first pressure and further compressing the air compressed to the first pressure to the second pressure. 24. The method according to claim 23, wherein the fuel-cell system includes a drive system of a motor vehicle. 25. The method according to claim 23, wherein the air tapped at the first pressure is supplied to a cathode of the fuel-cell unit. 26. The method according to claim 23, further comprising the step of injecting water during the oxidizing step. 27. The method according to claim 26, wherein the water is injected as at least one of a vapor and an aerosol. 28. The method according to claim 23, further comprising the step of supplying compressed air to at least one of a process gas between a carbon dioxide oxidation unit and the fuel-cell unit and a cathode of the fuel-cell unit. 29. The method according to claim 23, further comprising the steps of: separating water from at least one of a cathode-exhaust stream of the fuel-cell unit and an anode-exhaust stream of the fuel-cell unit; and supplying the separated water to the reforming process. 30. The method according to claim 23, further comprising the steps of: burning an exhaust gas from an anode of the fuel-cell unit; and supplying waste heat from the exhaust gas burning step to the reforming process. 31. The method according to claim 23, further comprising the steps of: burning the raw material; and supplying heat energy from the raw material burning step to the reforming process. 32. The method according to claim 23, wherein the raw material includes a hydrogen-containing substance. 33. The method according to claim 32, wherein the hydrogen-containing substance includes at least one of methanol and gasoline. 34. A fuel-cell system comprising, a reformer unit configured to produce hydrogen from a raw material and inflowing air; a fuel-cell unit disposed downstream of the reformer unit, fuel-cell unit being operable in accordance with the hydrogen produced by the reformer unit; an oxidation device configured to convert carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide, the oxidation device being located between the reformer unit and the fuel-cell unit; and a multi-stage compressor, one stage of the multi-stage compressor configured to supply air to the reformer unit and another stage of the multi-stage compressor configured to supply air to the fuel-cell unit; wherein the fuel-cell unit includes an anode and a cathode subjected to approximately a same pressure. 35. A method for generating electrical energy using a fuel-cell system, comprising the steps of: producing hydrogen from a raw material in a reforming process with inflowing air, a fuel-cell unit of the fuel-cell system, being operable in accordance with the produced hydrogen; oxidizing carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide after the reforming process and upstream of the fuel-cell unit; and supplying air to the fuel-cell unit by a first stage of a multi-stage compressor and to a reformer unit by a second stage of the multi-stage compressor; wherein the fuel-cell unit includes an anode and a cathode subjected to approximately a same pressure. 36. A method for generating electrical energy using a fuel-cell system, comprising the steps of: producing hydrogen from a raw material in a reforming process with inflowing air, a fuel-cell unit of the fuel-cell system, being operable in accordance with the produced hydrogen; oxidizing carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide after the reforming process and upstream of the fuel-cell unit; and supplying air to the fuel-cell unit by a first stage of a multi-stage compressor and to a reformer unit by a second stage of the multi-stage compressor; wherein the compressor is a screw-type compressor. 37. A fuel-cell system comprising, a reformer unit configured to produce hydrogen from a raw material and inflowing air; a fuel-cell unit disposed downstream of the reformer unit, fuel-cell unit being operable in accordance with the hydrogen produced by the reformer unit; an oxidation device configured to convert carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide, the oxidation device being located between the reformer unit and the fuel-cell unit; and a multi-stage compressor, one stage of the multi-stage compressor configured to supply air to the reformer unit and another stage of the multi-stage compressor configured to supply air to the fuel-cell unit, wherein the compressor is a screw-type compressor. 38. A fuel-cell system, comprising: a reformer unit configured to produce hydrogen from a raw material and inflowing air; a fuel-cell unit, including an anode and a cathode, disposed downstream of the reformer unit and operable in accordance with the hydrogen produced by the reformer unit; an oxidation device configured to convert carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide, the oxidation device being located between the reformer unit and the fuel-cell unit; and a compressor configured to supply air to the reformer unit and the fuel-cell unit such that the anode and cathode are subject to a same pressure. 39. The fuel-cell system according to claim 38, wherein the compressor is a screw-type compressor. 40. A fuel-cell system, comprising: a reformer unit configured to produce hydrogen from a raw material and inflowing air; a fuel-cell unit disposed downstream of the reformer unit, fuel-cell unit being operable in accordance with the hydrogen produced by the reformer unit; an oxidation device configured to convert carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide, the oxidation device being located between the reformer unit and the fuel-cell unit; and a screw-type compressor including a first output configured to supply air to the reformer unit at a first pressure and a second output configured to supply air to the fuel-cell unit at a second pressure. 41. The fuel-cell system according to claim 40, wherein the first pressure is approximately 2.5 bar to 3.5 bar. 42. The fuel-cell system according to claim 40, wherein the first pressure is approximately 3 bar. 43. The fuel-cell system according to claim 40, wherein the second pressure is approximately 3.2 bar to 4.2 bar. 44. The fuel-cell system according to claim 40, wherein the second pressure is approximately 3.7 bar. 45. The fuel-cell system according to claim 40, wherein the second pressure is approximately 0.5 bar to 0.9 bar higher than the first pressure. 46. The fuel-cell system according to claim 40, wherein the second pressure is approximately 0.7 bar higher than the first pressure. 47. The fuel-cell system according to claim 40, wherein the second pressure is lower than the first pressure.
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