초록

The present invention concerns biological methods of determination using enzymes from the group of oxidases and using optical indicators from the group of lanthanoid-ligand complexes.

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The invention claimed is: 1. Method for determining enzymatically generated hydrogen peroxide, comprising determining with the aid of a lanthanoid-ligand complex, hydrogen peroxide that is formed by an enzyme that is a hydrogen peroxide-generating oxidase, wherein the hydrogen peroxide formed by ox

The invention claimed is: 1. Method for determining enzymatically generated hydrogen peroxide, comprising determining with the aid of a lanthanoid-ligand complex, hydrogen peroxide that is formed by an enzyme that is a hydrogen peroxide-generating oxidase, wherein the hydrogen peroxide formed by oxidase activity results in a measurable change in light absorption in a wavelength range between 200 nm and 500 nm or in fluorescent properties of the lanthanoid-ligand complex. 2. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein an enzyme cascade comprising two or several enzymes of which at least one is from the group of oxidases is present. 3. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one of the enzymes from the group of oxidases is present as a free enzyme, as an oxidase-labelled antibody or as an oxidase-labelled oligomer. 4. Method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising in vivo or in vitro qualitative or quantitative determination of an enzymes, enzyme activity, enzyme substrate, enzyme inhibitor, enzyme activator, antigen or nucleic acid oligomer by determining the measurable change in light absorption in a wavelength range between 200 and 500 nm or in fluorescent properties of the lanthanoid-ligand complex caused by hydrogen peroxide that is formed by the enzyme that is a hydrogen peroxide-generating oxidase, wherein the measurable change in light absorption or in fluorescent properties of the lanthanoid-ligand complex has a known or previously determined relationship to the concentration of the enzyme, enzyme substrate, enzyme inhibitor, enzyme activator, antigen or nucleic acid oligomers. 5. Method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the enzyme substrate is selected from the group consisting of glucose, alcohol, lactate, bilirubin, cholesterol, and creatinine, or wherein the enzyme inhibitor is a toxic substance, or wherein the enzyme activator is a monovalent or divalent metal ion. 6. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the enzymatically generated hydrogen is determined in a sample of blood, sperm, saliva, interstitial fluid or other body fluid, alcoholic or non-alcoholic drink or a precursor thereof, a bioreactor, food, environmental sample, plant or seed material, hereditary material, bacteria, virus or other biological sample. 7. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the oxidase is selected from glucose oxidase, galactose oxidase, galactose oxidase, bilirubin oxidase, cholesterol oxidase, sarcosine oxidase, xanthine oxidase, amine oxidase, amino acid oxidase, alcohol oxidase pyruvate oxidase, uricase or another oxidase, which enzymatically convert their substrates with formation of hydrogen peroxide. 8. Method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising determining enzyme inhibitors, wherein a reaction-retarding effect of an enzyme inhibitor on the degradation of an enzyme substrate caused by an oxidase with release of hydrogen peroxide is determined with the aid of lanthanoid-ligand complex. 9. Method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising determining enzyme activators, wherein the reaction-accelerating effect of an enzyme activator on the degradation of an enzyme substrate caused by an oxidase with release of hydrogen peroxide is determined with the aid of a lanthanoid-ligand complex. 10. Method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising determining antigens, wherein an oxidase-labelled antibody is used in an immunoanalytical method and, after single or multiple antigen-antibody binding and addition of the enzyme substrate, the hydrogen peroxide that is formed by the oxidase is determined and used to determined the antigen. 11. Method as claimed in claim 9 further comprising the immunohistochemical detection of antigens, wherein an oxidase-labelled antibody binds to an antigen present in a tissue section and the binding site is optically visualized by adding a lanthanoid-ligand complex and an enzyme substrate. 12. Method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the determination of nucleic acid oligomers, wherein a nucleic acid single strand is labeled with an oxidase and, after hybridization and after addition of enzyme substrate, its activity is detected optically by means of the generated hydrogen peroxide and is used to determine a nucleic acid sequence. 13. Method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the oxidase, the oxidase-labelled antibody or the oxidase-labelled oligomer and/or the lanthanoid-ligand complex is present in an immobilized form on or in a particle, on a planar element, on a light wave guide or on or in a polymer matrix. 14. Method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the polymer matrix consists of a hydrogel permeable to hydrogen peroxide and is present in a 0.1 to 10 μm thick layer and is used as a biosensor in single-use tests or is used several times in succession. 15. Method as claimed in claim 3, wherein oxidase, oxidase-labelled antibody or oxidase-labelled oligomer and/or the lanthanoid-ligand complex are present in a microtitre plate in a dissolved or immobilized form and the changes in the optical properties of the lanthanoid-ligand complex are detected or quantitatively determined with the aid of fluorescent imaging methods. 16. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a flow system is used in which a sample material, solvent and/or enzymes or enzyme-labelled antibodies or enzyme-labelled oligomers and/or the lanthanoid-ligand complex are transported mechanically. 17. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein changes in light absorption of the lanthanoid-ligand complex are determined in the wavelength range between 200 and 450 nm. 18. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a change in fluorescence of the lanthanoid-ligand complex is determined by irradiating the lanthanoid-ligand complex with light of wavelengths between 300 and 450 nm and a change in the decay time of the emission or the intensity of the emission is measured at wavelengths of more than 500 nm. 19. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein self-fluorescence of a material or of a system is suppressed by firstly carrying out an excitation impulse and then determining fluorescence of the lanthanoid-ligand complex after a delay phase of 0.1 to 50 us. 20. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formation of hydrogen peroxide is monitored kinetically and concentration of an analyte is determined by means of changes in the light absorption or the fluorescent properties of the lanthanoid-ligand complex that occur per time unit, which changes are caused by the enzymatically generated hydrogen peroxide. 21. Method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the formation of hydrogen peroxide is determined following the change in absorption or fluorescent properties and the analyte is determined by the total change in the light absorption or the fluorescent properties of the lanthanoid-ligand complex that occur. 22. The method of claim 1, wherein said lanthanoid-ligand complex is in a dissolved, solid or immobilized form having the general structure: description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"Lnx-Ligydescription="In-line Formulae" end="tail" wherein Ln is a trivalent ion from the group of lanthanoids, x and y are independently integers from 1 to 20 and the ratio of x:y is 10:1 to 1:3 and Lig is an organic ligand that binds to the lanthanoid ion. 23. The method as claimed in claim 22, wherein Lig has the general structure R1--CO--C(R2)═C(X)--R3, wherein no more than two of the residues R1, R2 o R3 can be H, X can be OH, NHR4, NR42, R1 to R4 can be H, an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, an alkanoyl, a cycloalkanoyl, an aroyl, CF3, a substituted or non-substituted alkyl residue or alkanoyl residue, OH, NH2, alkylamino or dialkylamino, where each of the residues R1 to R4 can be linked via a substituted or unsubstituted carboxylic or heterocyclic ring to one of the other residues R1 to R 4. 24. The method as claimed in claim 22, wherein the lanthanoid is europium, terbium, holomium, dysprosium, lanthanum, erbium or samarium. 25. The method of claim 22, wherein the organic ligand is selected from benzoylacetone, benzoyltrifluoroacetone, dibenzoylmethane, thenoytrifluoroacetone, heterocyclic (ortho-hydroxy)-carboxylic acids, aromatic or heterocyclic ortho-hydroxyketones and derivatives thereof, hydroxyquinones, partially hydrogenated and substituted hydroxyquinone-like compounds, and anellated carbocyclic compounds. 26. The method of claim 25, wherein the anellated carbocyclic compounds are selected from the group consisting of tetracyclines and tetracycline derivatives.