A device (10) providing a combined fuel injection and ignition means for a spark-ignition internal combustion engine. The device (10) comprises a insulator body (25) of ceramic material, a fuel flow path (24) having a section thereof encased in the insulator body (25) and terminating at a delivery p
A device (10) providing a combined fuel injection and ignition means for a spark-ignition internal combustion engine. The device (10) comprises a insulator body (25) of ceramic material, a fuel flow path (24) having a section thereof encased in the insulator body (25) and terminating at a delivery port ( 45) disposed outwardly of the insulator body (25), and, an ignition path (23) having a section encased in the insulator body (25) in a spaced apart relationship with respect to the section of the fuel path (24). The fuel path (24) is defined within a valve structure (33) detachably secured to the insulator body ( 25) so as to be selectively removable therefrom. The ignition path (23) terminates at an electrode (95) disposed outwardly of the insulator body (25). The insulator body has a nose portion ( 100) and a skirt portion (69) beyond the delivery port ( 45). The nose (100) and the delivery port (45) are positioned relative to each other such that all or at least part of the fuel spray issuing from the delivery port (45) avoids impingement on the nose (100).
대표청구항▼
The claims defining the invention are as follows: 1. A combined fuel injection and ignition device for a spark-ignition internal combustion engine, comprising a fuel flow path and an ignition path located in a spaced apart relationship and electrically isolated with respect to each other, the ignit
The claims defining the invention are as follows: 1. A combined fuel injection and ignition device for a spark-ignition internal combustion engine, comprising a fuel flow path and an ignition path located in a spaced apart relationship and electrically isolated with respect to each other, the ignition path terminating at a first electrode, the fuel flow path being defined within a valve structure, the valve structure defining a second electrode cooperating with the first electrode to provide a spark gap. 2. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 1 wherein at least a section of the fuel flow path and at least a section of the ignition path are generally parallel. 3. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 2 wherein said generally parallel path sections are generally parallel to an axis of said combined fuel injection and ignition device. 4. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 1 further comprising an insulator wherein said fuel flow path and said ignition path are electrically isolated by the insulator. 5. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 4 wherein said fuel flow path and said ignition path are located within a common body defining the insulator. 6. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 5 wherein the insulator further provides thermal insulation to at least said fuel flow path. 7. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 4 wherein the insulator is formed of ceramic material so as to provide both said electrical and said thermal insulating properties. 8. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 4 wherein the first electrode extends outwardly of the insulator. 9. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 8 wherein said ignition path further comprises a resistive element or a reactive element located in close proximity to the first electrode whereby the rate of discharge of current from the ignition circuit is controlled. 10. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 9 wherein the first electrode constitutes a primary electrode and wherein the second electrode constitutes a secondary electrode for providing a return to ground. 11. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 10 wherein the insulator includes a first projection and wherein the primary electrode has an inner section and an outer section which extends towards the secondary electrode, a portion of the inner section being encased in the first projection of the insulator. 12. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 11 wherein the primary electrode further includes an intermediate portion providing a curved transition between the inner and outer sections. 13. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 11 wherein the first projection defines a nose beyond which the primary electrode extends, the nose being disposed about the inner section of the primary electrode. 14. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 11 wherein an air gap is provided between the first projection and the primary electrode. 15. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 11 wherein the inner section of the primary electrode extends axially with respect to said axis of the combined fuel injection and ignition device. 16. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 15 wherein the outer section of the primary electrode extends laterally with respect to the inner section. 17. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 4 wherein the fuel flow path terminates at a delivery port defined by the valve structure, the delivery port being disposed outwardly of the insulator. 18. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 17 wherein the insulator includes a second projection defining a skirt portion beyond which the delivery port extends. 19. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 17 wherein the insulator includes a first projection encasing a portion of the first electrode, the first projection defining a nose beyond which the first electrode extends, and wherein the insulator further includes a second projection defining a skirt portion beyond which the delivery port extends, wherein the nose and delivery port are positioned relative to each other such that all or at least part of a fuel spray issuing from the delivery port avoids impingement on the nose while being directed into the vicinity of the spark gap. 20. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 11 wherein at least a portion of that part of the primary electrode extending beyond the first projection is in use located within the fuel spray so as to be cooled thereby. 21. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 4 wherein the valve structure is supported in the insulator. 22. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 21 wherein the insulator includes a projection beyond which the valve structure extends, and wherein an air gap is provided between the second projection and the valve structure. 23. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 21 wherein the valve structure is detachably secured to the insulator so as to be selectively removable therefrom. 24. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 23 wherein the valve structure is detachably secured to the insulator by being threadedly engaged therewith. 25. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 4 wherein valve structure comprises a valve needle having a valve head and a valve housing of tubular construction having an intake end and a delivery end, the delivery end of the valve structure defining a valve seat for co-operation with the valve head to define a delivery port. 26. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 25 wherein the valve head is provided with an outwardly extending axial projection. 27. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 26 wherein the axial projection provides the second. 28. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 25 wherein the axial projection provides or further provides a fuel spray guidance effect. 29. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 25 wherein the valve housing incorporates a threaded formation for threaded engagement between the valve structure and the insulator. 30. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 1 wherein the fuel flow path comprises a single fuel path. 31. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 30 wherein the single fuel path comprises a pressurised fuel path. 32. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 1 wherein the fuel flow path comprises a dual fluid path wherein both fuel and a second fluid are delivered by the combined fuel injection and ignition device to the engine. 33. A combined fuel injection and ignition device for a spark-ignition internal combustion engine, comprising an insulator, a fuel flow path having a section thereof encased in the insulator, an ignition path having a section thereof encased in the insulator, the sections of the fuel flow path and the ignition path being in spaced apart relationship and electrically isolated from each other by the insulator, the section of the fuel flow path being defined within a valve structure detachably secured to the insulator so as to be selectively removable therefrom, the ignition path terminating at a first electrode, and the valve structure defining a second electrode cooperating with the first electrode to provide a spark gap. 34. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 33 wherein the valve structure is detachably secured to the insulator by being threadedly engaged therewith. 35. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 33 wherein, the fuel flow path terminates at a delivery port disposed outwardly of the insulator. 36. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 35 wherein the insulator included a projection defining a skirt portion beyond which the delivery port extends. 37. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 33 wherein the sections of the ignition path and the fuel flow path are located within a common body defining the insulator. 38. A combined fuel injection and ignition device for a spark-ignition internal combustion engine, comprising an insulator having a projection, an ignition path having a section thereof encased in the insulator, the ignition path terminating at a first electrode extending outwardly of the insulator, the first electrode having an inner axial section and an outer lateral section which extends towards a second electrode, a portion of the inner axial section being encased in the projection, a fuel flow path defined within a valve structure supported in the insulator, the valve structure defining the second electrode which cooperates with the first electrode to define a spark gap, the sections of the fuel flow path and the ignition path being in spaced apart relationship and electrically isolated from each other by the insulator. 39. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 38 wherein the first electrode further includes an intermediate section providing a curved transition between the inner and outer sections. 40. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 38 wherein the projection defines a nose disposed about the inner axial section of the first electrode and beyond which the electrode extends. 41. A combined fuel injection and ignition means device according to claim 38 wherein the ignition path and the fuel flow path are located within a common insulator body defining the insulator. 42. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 38 wherein said ignition path further comprises a resistive element or a reactive element located in close proximity to the first electrode whereby the rate of discharge of current from the ignition circuit is controlled. 43. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 38 wherein the fuel flow path has a delivery valve adapted to deliver fuel spray in a pattern which avoids direct impingement on a first portion of said ignition path and which is at least directed into an immediate vicinity of a second portion of said ignition path. 44. A combined fuel injection device according to claim 38 wherein at least a portion of that part of the first electrode extending beyond the projection is in use located with the fuel spray so as to be cooled thereby. 45. A combined fuel injection and ignition device for a spark-ignition internal combustion engine, comprising a insulating body of ceramic material, a fuel flow path having a section thereof encased in the insulator body and terminating at a delivery port disposed outwardly of the insulator body, an ignition path having a section thereof encased in the insulator body, the sections of the fuel flow path and the ignition path being in spaced apart relationship and electrically isolated from each other by the insulator, the fuel flow path being defined within a valve structure detachably secured to the insulator body so as to be selectively removable therefrom, the ignition path terminating at a first electrode disposed outwardly of the insulator body, the electrode having an inner axial section, an outer lateral section which extends towards a second electrode, and an intermediate section which provides a curved transition between the inner and outer sections, the valve structure defining a second electrode which cooperates with the first electrode to define a spark gap, the insulator body having a projection portion defining a nose beyond which the first electrode extends, and the insulator body having a further projection defining a skirt portion beyond which the delivery port extends. 46. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 45 wherein the nose and the delivery port are positioned relative to each other such that all or at least part of a fuel spray issuing from said delivery port avoids impingement on said nose while being directed into the vicinity of the spark gap. 47. A combined fuel injection and ignition device for a spark ignited internal combustion engine comprising a fuel delivery path for delivering fuel to a delivery valve and an ignition path for supplying electrical current to a first electrode of an ignition means; the fuel flow path and the ignition path being in spaced apart relationship and electrically isolated from each other, the ignition path terminating at a first electrode; a second electrode projecting from the delivery valve in the direction of fuel spray; said delivery valve being adapted to delivery fuel spray in a pattern which avoids direct impingement on a first portion of said ignition path and which is at least directed into an immediate vicinity of a second portion of said ignition path. 48. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 47 wherein said first portion of the ignition path comprises a first member surrounding the ignition path and said second portion comprises a distal end portion of the first electrode. 49. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 48 wherein said fuel path is at least partially located in a second member, the second member terminating adjacent the delivery valve, the first and second members providing electrical insulation between the fuel path and the ignition path, the first and second members defining an isolation path therebetween of sufficient distance to prevent electrical shorting between the ignition path and the fuel supply path when, in use, said ignition path is at a voltage below a pre-determined voltage. 50. A combined fuel injection device according to claim 47 wherein the fuel flow path and the ignition path are located in a common member. 51. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 47 wherein in use, at least a portion of said fuel delivery path and at least a portion of said ignition path project into a combustion chamber of a spark ignited internal combustion engine, the second member further operating to thermally insulate said fuel supply path from combustion temperatures. 52. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 49 wherein said isolation path projects internally to said common member. 53. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 52 wherein said isolation path forms a generally elongate surface projecting internally to said common member to define a space, said space being of greater dielectric resistance than the distance between said valve and said distal end portion of said electrode. 54. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 53 wherein said path forms a generally elongate surface projecting internally to said common member to define a space, said space being of greater dielectric resistance than the distance between said valve and said distal end portion of said electrode. 55. A combined fuel injection and ignition device for a spark-ignition internal combustion engine; said combined fuel injection and ignition means comprising a fuel flow path with a delivery valve at a distal end thereof, an ignition path with a first electrode at a distal end thereof, said fuel flow path and said ignition path located in spaced apart relationship and at least a portion of said ignition path being electrically insulated from said fuel flow path, the distal end of the delivery valve providing a second electrode, the first and second electrode cooperating to define a spark gap, said combined fuel injection and ignition means being adapted such that, in use, at least a portion of said ignition path projects internally of said combustion chamber a length sufficient to prevent shorting of electrical energy between said ignition path and a cylinder head of said engine. 56. A combined fuel injection and ignition device according to claim 55 wherein the delivery valve of the fuel flow path projects internally of said combustion chamber and at least a portion of the fuel flow path is insulated so as to define a surface extending between the first electrode and the delivery valve of said fuel flow path; said surface having a length of greater dielectric resistance than the spark gap. 57. A combined fuel injection and ignition device for a spark-ignition internal combustion engine, comprising an insulator, a fuel flow path for delivering fuel to a delivery valve at a distal end thereof, and an ignition path for supplying electrical current to a first electrode of an ignition means; wherein said fuel flow path has a section thereof encased in the insulator and said ignition path also has a section thereof encased in the insulator, the sections of the fuel flow path and the ignition path being in spaced apart relationship and electrically isolated from each other by the insulator, the fuel flow path being defined within a valve structure detachably secured to the insulator so as to be selectively removable therefrom; said delivery valve being adapted to deliver fuel spray in a pattern which avoids direct impingement on a first portion of said ignition path and which is at least directed into an immediate vicinity of a second portion of said ignition path; said delivery valve having a second electrode protecting therefrom in the direction of issuance of fuel spray; the first and second electrodes cooperating to define a spark gap; said combined fuel injection and ignition device being adapted such that, in use, at least a portion of said ignition path projects internally of said combustion chamber a length sufficient to prevent shorting of electrical energy between said ignition path and a cylinder head of said engine. 58. A combined fuel injection and ignition device for a spark ignited internal combustion engine comprising a fuel delivery path for delivering fuel to a delivery valve, an ignition path for supplying electrical current to a primary electrode of an ignition means; the fuel flow path and the ignition path being in spaced apart relationship and electrically isolated from each other; and a secondary electrode for providing a return to ground, the secondary electrode projecting from the delivery valve in the direction of issuance of fuel spray therefrom.
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