초록 ▼

A lifting foil for an aircraft, a hydrofoil or the like having a pair of courses or wings. Vortex losses due to spanwise fluid flow are substantially reduced by joining the tips of the courses with flow guides configured for jointly terminating the undesired flows. Termination is effected by provid

A lifting foil for an aircraft, a hydrofoil or the like having a pair of courses or wings. Vortex losses due to spanwise fluid flow are substantially reduced by joining the tips of the courses with flow guides configured for jointly terminating the undesired flows. Termination is effected by providing the flow guides with crossections cambered for reducing the dynamic pressure of fluid flowing in a spanwise direction across flow guide surfaces.

대표청구항 ▼

What is claimed is: 1. In a lifting foil the combination of (a) A lower course having a lower starboard margin and a lower port margin, said lower course extending sideward between said lower starboard margin and said lower port margin and being responsive to fluid flow in a direction-X, for genera

What is claimed is: 1. In a lifting foil the combination of (a) A lower course having a lower starboard margin and a lower port margin, said lower course extending sideward between said lower starboard margin and said lower port margin and being responsive to fluid flow in a direction-X, for generating a first fluid reaction force having a first lifting component in a direction-Z. (b) An upper course having an upper starboard margin and an upper port margin, said upper course being positioned above said lower course and extending sideward between said upper starboard margin and said upper port margin for generating a second fluid reaction force having a second lifting component in said direction,-Z, parallel and additive to said first reaction force. (c) A starboard flow guide extending vertically between said lower starboard margin and said upper starboard margin, having a progressively adjusted camber for suppressing spanwise fluid flow in a direction +Y, perpendicular to-X and-Z, and (d) A port flow guide extending vertically between said lower port margin and said upper port margin, having a progressively adjusted camber for suppressing spanwise fluid flow in a direction-Y, opposite to +Y. 2. A lifting foil according to claim 1, wherein said flow guides are secured to said courses by smooth, continuous connections which blend into said courses at said margins. 3. A lifting foil according to claim 2 further comprising, means defining a plurality of boundary lines and a plurality of surfaces bounded by said plurality of boundary lines. 4. A lifting foil according to claim 3 wherein said plurality of boundary lines are 4 in number. 5. A lifting foil according to claim 4 wherein said plurality of surfaces are 3 in number. 6. A lifting foil according to claim 5 wherein said lifting foil has a vertical crossection which is generally elliptical. 7. A lifting foil according to claim 6 wherein said vertical crossection has a ratio of major axis to minor axis ranging between 1.6 and 10.5. 8. A lifting foil according to claim 6 wherein said vertical crossection has a ratio of major axis to minor axis which is approximately 3.0. 9. A lifting foil according to claim 6 wherein said upper course is rearwardly offset from said lower course. 10. A lifting foil according to claim 6 wherein said fuselage is situated midway between said flow guides, said lifting foil being provided with a large starboard passage situated between said fuselage and said starboard flow guide, and a large port passage situated between said fuselage and said port flow guide. 11. A lifting foil according to claim 5 said three surfaces comprising a first surface defining said port passage, a second surface defining said starboard passage and a third surface defining the exterior shape of said lifting foil. 12. A lifting foil according to claim 11, said fuselage being enclosed by cooperative coverage from said first, second and third surfaces. 13. A lifting foil according to claim 1 wherein said lower course comprises a keel-shaped underside to provide a sideslip-reducing dihedral angle. 14. A lifting foil comprising: (a) A lower course having a lower starboard margin and a lower port margin, said lower course extending sideward between said lower starboard margin and said lower port margin for generating a first fluid reaction force having an upwardly directed lifting component, (b) An upper course having an upper starboard margin and an upper port margin, said upper course being positioned above said lower course and extending sideward between said upper starboard margin and said upper port margin for generating a second fluid reaction force having an upwardly directed lifting component, (c) A starboard flow guide extending vertically between said lower starboard margin and said upper starboard margin, said starboard flow guide comprising: (i) a first upper section secured to said upper starboard margin, (ii) a first lower section secured to said lower starboard margin, and (iv) a first mid-section positioned between said first upper section and said first lower section, (d) A port flow guide extending vertically between said lower poll margin and said upper port margin, said port flow guide comprising: (i) a second upper section secured to said upper port margin, (ii) a second lower section severed to said lower port margin, and (iv) a second mid-section positioned between said second upper section and said second lower section, said starboard flow guide and said port flow guide having cambered cross-sections characterized by a camber which is substantially zero at an associated flow guide mid-point and which increases progressively to maximum values at opposite ends of associated flow guides. 15. A lifting foil according to claim 14 wherein said upper course is offset upwardly and rearwardly of said lower course. 16. A lifting foil according to claim 15 wherein said upper course is swept forwardly on two sides of a center line extending in an X-direction through said lifting foil, and said lower course is swept rearwardly on two sides of said center line. 17. A lifting foil comprising: (a) an upper course including an upper starboard end and an upper port end, (b) a lower course including a lower starboard end and a lower port end, said lower course being generally parallel to said upper course with said lower starboard end facing said upper starboard end and said lower port end facing said upper port end, (c) a starboard flow guide having an upper starboard guide section connected to said upper starboard end, a lower starboard guide section connected to said lower starboard end, and a starboard mid-section connecting said upper starboard guide section to said lower starboard guide section, and (d) a port flow guide having an upper port guide section joined to said upper port end, a lower port guide section joined to said lower port end and a port mid-section connecting said upper port guide section to said lower port guide section; said starboard flow guide having a camber which increases progressively from a minimum camber at a mid-point of said starboard flow guide to a maximum camber at said upper starboard end and also being cambered progressively from said mid-point to said lower starboard end said port flow guide having a camber which increases progressively from a minimum camber at a mid-point of said port flow guide to a maximum camber at said upper port end and also being cambered progressively from said mid-point to said lower port end.