Hydrogen-selective metal membranes, membrane modules, purification assemblies and methods of forming the same
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
B01D-053/22
B01D-071/02
B01D-071/00
출원번호
US-0890733
(2004-07-13)
발명자
/ 주소
Edlund,David J.
Pledger,William A.
Studebaker,R. Todd
출원인 / 주소
IdaTech, LLC
대리인 / 주소
Kolisch Hartwell, P.C.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
13인용 특허 :
102
초록▼
Membrane modules that contain one or more hydrogen-selective membranes, methods for preparing the same, and hydrogen purification systems, fuel processors and devices containing the same. In some embodiments, the membrane modules include one or more hydrogen-selective membranes supported on a suppor
Membrane modules that contain one or more hydrogen-selective membranes, methods for preparing the same, and hydrogen purification systems, fuel processors and devices containing the same. In some embodiments, the membrane modules include one or more hydrogen-selective membranes supported on a support or screen structure, of which a variety of embodiments are disclosed. In some embodiments, the membrane or membranes are at least substantially formed from an alloy comprising palladium and copper. In some embodiments, the membranes further include a material having a composition different than the alloy. In some embodiments, the at least one membrane is adhesively mounted on the screen structure during assembly.
대표청구항▼
We claim: 1. A hydrogen purification assembly, comprising: a membrane module adapted to receive a mixed gas stream containing hydrogen gas and other gases and to separate the mixed gas stream into a byproduct stream containing at least a substantial portion of the other gases and a product stream c
We claim: 1. A hydrogen purification assembly, comprising: a membrane module adapted to receive a mixed gas stream containing hydrogen gas and other gases and to separate the mixed gas stream into a byproduct stream containing at least a substantial portion of the other gases and a product stream containing at least substantially hydrogen gas, the membrane module comprising: a sealed enclosure having at least one inlet adapted to receive under pressure the mixed gas stream, at least one outlet through which the byproduct stream may be withdrawn from the enclosure, and at least one outlet through which the product stream may be removed from the enclosure; a hydrogen-selective membrane having a feed side and a permeate side, wherein the product stream is formed from a portion of the mixed gas stream that passes through the membrane and the byproduct stream is formed from a portion of the mixed gas stream that does not pass through the membrane, wherein the membrane is at least substantially comprised of an alloy comprising palladium and copper and has an average thickness of approximately 25 microns or less, and further wherein the membrane includes at least one region that is at least substantially formed from a material having a different composition than the alloy; and a support adapted to support the membrane within the enclosure, wherein the support includes a surface adapted to engage the permeate side of the membrane. 2. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the material is a hydrogen-permeable material. 3. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the material is not a hydrogen-permeable material. 4. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the material comprises one or more of the group consisting of copper, silver, gold, nickel, palladium, chromium, rhodium, platinum and mixtures, compounds and alloys thereof. 5. The assembly of claim 4, wherein the material is free of phosphorous, carbon, silicon, and nitrogen. 6. The assembly of claim 5, wherein the material is free of zinc, mercury, lead, bismuth and cadmium. 7. The assembly of claim 4, wherein the material is free of zinc, mercury, lead, bismuth and cadmium. 8. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the material is free of phosphorous, carbon, silicon, and nitrogen. 9. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the material is free of zinc, mercury, lead, bismuth and cadmium. 10. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the membrane includes at least one etched region. 11. The assembly of claim 10, wherein the etched region is adapted to permit a greater hydrogen flux than a theoretically expected hydrogen flux through an unetched membrane region having the same composition and thickness as the etched membrane region. 12. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the material is introduced into the membrane after formation of the membrane from the alloy. 13. The assembly of claim 12, wherein the material is applied to the membrane via a plating process. 14. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the enclosure includes end plates between which the membrane and the support are supported. 15. The assembly of claim 14, wherein the membrane includes a perimeter region, and further wherein the membrane module includes a frame to which the perimeter region is mounted. 16. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the average thickness is less than approximately 20 microns. 17. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the average thickness is 15 microns or less. 18. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the surface of the support includes a coating that is adapted to prevent intermetallic diffusion between the membrane and the surface, and further wherein the coating is selected to be thermodynamically stable with respect to decomposition in the presence of hydrogen. 19. The assembly of claim 18, wherein the coating is formed from at least one of the group consisting of oxides, nitrides, carbides, and intermetallic compounds. 20. The assembly of claim 19, wherein the coating is selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, tungsten carbide, tungsten nitride, titanium carbide, titanium nitride, and mixtures thereof. 21. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the membrane is adhesively bonded to the surface during fabrication of the membrane module. 22. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the support is adapted to enable the portion of the mixed gas stream that passes through the membrane to flow within the support transverse and parallel to the permeate side of the membrane. 23. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the support includes a screen structure having a membrane-contacting screen member. 24. The assembly of claim 23, wherein the membrane-contacting screen member is at least partially formed from an expanded metal material. 25. The assembly of claim 23, wherein the membrane-contacting screen member is at least partially formed from mesh. 26. The assembly of claim 23, wherein the screen structure includes a plurality of screen members. 27. The assembly of claim 1, further comprising a fuel processing assembly adapted to produce the mixed gas stream. 28. The assembly of claim 27, wherein the fuel processing assembly is adapted to produce the mixed gas stream from a feed stream that includes water. 29. The assembly of claim 27, wherein the fuel processing assembly is adapted to produce the mixed gas stream from a feed stream that does not include water. 30. The assembly of claim 27, wherein the fuel processing assembly includes at least one reforming region containing a reforming catalyst bed. 31. The assembly of claim 1, further comprising at least one polishing region adapted to receive the product stream from the membrane module and to reduce the concentration of at least a selected component of the other gases therein. 32. The assembly of claim 31, wherein the selected component includes carbon monoxide. 33. The assembly of claim 31, wherein the polishing region includes at least one methanation catalyst bed.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (102)
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