초록 ▼

A method and composition for polymer-reinforced composite cementitious construction materials is described. In one embodiment, a crosslinking component is mixed with a high molecular weight strengthening component and an inorganic cementitious material. The addition of the mixture to water causes a

A method and composition for polymer-reinforced composite cementitious construction materials is described. In one embodiment, a crosslinking component is mixed with a high molecular weight strengthening component and an inorganic cementitious material. The addition of the mixture to water causes a crosslinked molecular network to form within the hydrated, composite cementitious construction material. Both enhanced flexural strength and improved nail-pull resistance are shown, allowing a reduction in weight of the composite cementitious construction material compared to cementitious construction materials made according to other known methods.

대표청구항 ▼

What is claimed is: 1. A wallboard for use in construction comprising: an organic strengthening component, having a high molecular weight; a crosslinking component; and a hydrated, inorganic cementitious material, wherein the organic strengthening component is crosslinked by the crosslinking comp

What is claimed is: 1. A wallboard for use in construction comprising: an organic strengthening component, having a high molecular weight; a crosslinking component; and a hydrated, inorganic cementitious material, wherein the organic strengthening component is crosslinked by the crosslinking component forming a crosslinked molecular network with the hydrated, inorganic cementitious material such that the nail pull resistance of the wall board is substantially improved compared to a wall board of the same density without the addition of an organic strengthening component crosslinked by a crosslinking component. 2. The wallboard of claim 1, wherein the strengthening component adheres to the hydrated, inorganic cementitious material. 3. The wallboard of claim 1, wherein the organic strengthening component and the crosslinking component are portions of the same macromolecules and crosslinking occurs in situ after the organic strengthening component and crosslinking component are mixed with the hydrate, inorganic cementitious material such that a crosslinked molecular network is formed with the hydrated, inorganic cementitious material. 4. The wallboard of claim 3, wherein the macromolecules are selected from the group of macromolecules consisting of copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone and styrene sulfonate, copolymers of vinyl caprolactam and vinyl sulfonate, copolymers of vinyl-pyridine and acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, copolymers of acrylamide and an acrylic acid, and mixtures thereof. 5. The wallboard of claim 1, wherein the organic strengthening component is selected from an organic strengthening component consisting of a polyacrylamide, .poly(acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid), poly(vinyl caprolactam), poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) , poly(vinyl pyridine), poly(vinyl imidazole), an acrylamide copolymer, a 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline copolymer, a vinyl caprolactam copolymer, a vinyl pyridine copolymer, a vinyl imidazole copolymer, and combinations thereof. 6. The wallboard of claim 1, wherein the organic strengthening component is PVP with a molecular weight of at least about 100,000. 7. The wallboard of claim 6, wherein the organic crosslinking component is selected to crosslink the PVP. 8. The wallboard of claim 7, wherein the organic crosslinking component has a molecular weight of at least about 100,000. 9. The wallboard of claim 7, wherein the organic crosslinking component physically crosslinks the PVP by entanglement. 10. The wallboard of claim 7, wherein the organic crosslinking component chemically crosslinks the PVP. 11. The wallboard of claim 10, wherein the organic crosslinking component is PSS. 12. The wallboard of claim 11, wherein the hydrated, inorganic cementitious material is one of a hydrated hemihydrate or a hydrated anhydrite. 13. The wallboard of claim 5, wherein the organic crosslinking component is selected from the group of organic crosslinking components consisting of a poly(vinyl alcohol), a poly(acrylic acid), a copolymer of acrylic acid, a copolymer of methacrylic acid, a copolymer of styrene sulfonic acid, a copolymer containing salts of styrene sulfonic acid, a copolymer of acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane-sulfonic acid, and mixtures thereof. 14. The wallboard of claim 1, wherein the crosslinking component is a catalyst that initiates the formation of covalent bonds between polymer chains of the strengthening component. 15. The wallboard of claim 7, wherein the organic crosslinking component is at least one of a polysulfonate, a polycarboxylate, or a polyphosphate. 16. The wallboard of claim 1, wherein the hydrated inorganic cementitious material is a hydrated calcium sulfate anhydrite. 17. The wallboard of claim 1, wherein the hydrated inorganic cementitious material is a hydrated calcium sulfate hemihydrate. 18. A composition of matter comprising a strengthening component selected from the group of strengthening components consisting of PVP, a vinyl pyrrolidone copolymer, a vinyl caprolactam copolymer, and mixtures thereof; PSS; and a hydrated inorganic cementitious material, wherein the strengthening component is crosslinked by the PSS after mixing the strengthening component with the inorganic cementitious material, and wherein the strengthening component has a molecular weight of at least about 100,000 and PSS has a molecular weight of at least 70, 000. 19. The composition of matter of claim 18, wherein the molecular weight of strengthening component is no greater than 1.3 million. 20. A cementitious building material comprising: a water-dispersible organic strengthening component having a high molecular weight; an organic crosslinking component having a molecular weight of at least 70,000, wherein the organic crosslinking component is selected to crosslink the organic strengthening component; and a hydrated, inorganic cementitious material, wherein the crosslinked organic strengthening component has an affinity for the inorganic cementitious material, wherein a crosslinked molecular network forms upon drying of the hydrated, inorganic cementitious material, wherein the crosslinked molecular network is co-continuous with the hydrated, inorganic cementitious material, such that the cementitious building material is substantially strengthened. 21. The cementitious building material of claim 20, wherein the shape of the cementitious building material is in the form of a sheet. 22. The cementitious building material of claim 21, wherein the cementitious building material is used as wallboard. 23. The cementitious building material of claim 22, further comprising at least one layer of paper, wherein the at least one layer of paper is applied to at least one surface of the sheet. 24. The cementitious building material of claim 22, wherein no paper is applied to the surface of the sheet. 25. The cementitious building material of claim 24, further comprising a surface modifying additive that segregates to a stratified layer on at least one surface of the sheet. 26. The cementitious building material of claim 25, wherein the surface modifying additive is not the same substance as either of the strengthening component or the crosslinking component. 27. The cementitious building material of claim 26, wherein the surface modifying additive is a polyurethane dispersion. 28. A method of preparing a composite cementitious building material comprising mixing an organic strengthening component having a high molecular weight, an organic crosslinking component, and an inorganic cementitious material wherein the organic strengthening component is added in a proportion no greater than 2 wt % of the inorganic cementitious material and; adding the mixture prepared by the step of mixing to water; stirring the water and the mixture prepared by the step of mixing to form a slurry, wherein the organic strengthening component is crosslinked by the organic crosslinking component causing the organic strengthening component to form a gel within the slurry; forming the slurry into a shape; and drying the slurry. 29. The method of claim 28, wherein the step of forming creates a sheet having a length, a width and a thickness, wherein the thickness is much less than the length and the width of the sheet. 30. The method of claim 29, further comprising: applying at least one layer of paper on at least one surface of the flat sheet. 31. The method of claim 29, further comprising: adding at least one surface modifying addition that segregates to the surface of the flat sheet, wherein the at least one surface modifying addition forms at least one stratified layer on the surface of the flat sheet. 32. The method of claim 31, wherein no paper is applied to the surface of the composite cementitious building material. 33. The method of claim 31, wherein the surface modifying addition is not the same substance as either the strengthening component or the crosslinking component. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the surface modifying addition is a polyurethane dispersion. 35. A composition of matter comprising: a water-dispersible organic strengthening component with a high molecular weight, wherein the water-dispersible organic strengthening component is crosslinked by a catalytic crosslinking component; and a hydrated, inorganic cementitious material, wherein the catalytic crosslinking component crosslinked the water-dispersible organic strengthening component in situ such that the crosslinked organic strengthening component forms a network with the hydrated, inorganic cementitious material, whereby diffusion of the water-dispersible organic strengthening component to the surface of the composition of matter during drying is substantially reduced. 36. The composition of matter of claim 35, wherein the water-dispersible organic strengthening component is poly(vinyl pyrrolidone). 37. The composition of matter of claim 36, wherein the catalytic crosslinking component is an aqueous solution comprising hydrogen peroxide. 38. The composition of matter of claim 37, wherein the aqueous solution further comprises copper (II) chloride. 39. A composition of matter comprising: poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) with a molecular weight at least about 100,000; a crosslinking component; and an inorganic cementitious material, wherein the poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) is crosslinked by the crosslinking component in a molecularly crosslinked network with the inorganic cementitious material, such that the nail pull resistance of the composition of matter is substantially improved compared to a composition of matter absent the poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) crosslinked by the crosslinking component. 40. A molded article comprising; PVP having a molecular weight of at least 100,000; PSS having a molecular weight of at least 70,000; and a hydrated inorganic cementitious material, wherein the PVP is crosslinked in situ by the PSS, and wherein the crosslinked PVP forms a crosslinked molecular network with the hydrated inorganic cementitious material. 41. A cement for use in construction, comprising: PVP having a molecular weight of at least about 100,000; A crosslinking component; and an inorganic cementitious material, wherein the crosslinking component is selected to crosslink the PVP when mixed with water. 42. The cement of claim 41, wherein the crosslinking component is selected to be temperature sensitive, wherein the reaction leading to crosslinking of the PVP occurs within a desired temperature range. 43. A concrete incorporating the cement of claim 41. 44. A joint compound incorporating the composition of matter of claim 18. 45. An adhesive incorporating the composition of matter of claim 18. 46. The wallboard of claim 11, wherein the hydrated, inorganic cementitious material is hydrated calcium sulfate anhydrite. 47. The composition of matter of claim 18, wherein the strengthening component is PVP. 48. The composition of matter of claim 18, wherein the strengthening component is vinyl pyrrolidone copolymer. 49. The composition of matter of claim 18, wherein the strengthening component is a vinyl caprolactam copolymer. 50. The wallboard of claim 1, wherein the core has a reduced density by addition of porosity.