IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0845109
(2004-05-14)
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우선권정보 |
IT-MI2003A1029(2003-05-22) |
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Belmonte,Giuseppe
- Calemma,Vincenzo
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출원인 / 주소 |
- ENI S.p.A.
- Institut Francais du Petrole
- Enitecnologie S.p.A.
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대리인 / 주소 |
Oblon, Spivak, McClelland, Maier &
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
1 인용 특허 :
5 |
초록
▼
Hydrocarbons are prepared, which are liquid at the reaction temperature, by feeding synthesis gas into three-phase turbulent reactors in which the solid phase, consisting of the catalyst in the form of particles, is kept in suspension in the liquid phase by the rising synthesis gas. The reaction pro
Hydrocarbons are prepared, which are liquid at the reaction temperature, by feeding synthesis gas into three-phase turbulent reactors in which the solid phase, consisting of the catalyst in the form of particles, is kept in suspension in the liquid phase by the rising synthesis gas. The reaction product is extracted in continuous, together with the catalyst dispersed therein, and sent to a separation section which comprises a primary filtration unit and a micro/ultra-filtration unit.
대표청구항
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The invention claimed is: 1. A process for the production in continuous of hydrocarbons from synthesis gas which comprises: a. continuously feeding to the bottom of a reactor for Fischer-Tropsch reactions, containing in suspension in the reaction product a catalyst based on supported cobalt, a synt
The invention claimed is: 1. A process for the production in continuous of hydrocarbons from synthesis gas which comprises: a. continuously feeding to the bottom of a reactor for Fischer-Tropsch reactions, containing in suspension in the reaction product a catalyst based on supported cobalt, a synthesis gas consisting essentially of hydrogen and carbon monoxide; b. continuously discharging from the head of the reactor, a vapour stream consisting essentially of light reaction products and non-reacted reaction gas; c. continuously discharging from the reactor, the heavy reaction product consisting essentially of a liquid hydrocarbon phase containing the catalyst, in suspension; d. condensing the light hydrocarbon products and sending at least part of them to a collection container maintained under pressure and at a temperature higher than 150째 C. and the possible remaining part to be discharged, at room temperature, or to subsequent treatment units; e. subjecting the heavy reaction product to a separation treatment which comprises: e1 degasification; e2 primary separation of the liquid from the solid; and e3 micro/ultra-filtration of the fine or sub-micronic particles, still contained in the liquid after the primary separation, by means of membranes with an average pore diameter ranging from 0.002 to 0.1 μm; f. sending the heavy reaction product, in liquid phase, having a content of fine or sub-micronic particles lower than 5 ppm to subsequent treatment units, or discharging it and cooling it to room temperature; g. recycling to the reaction reactor the solids coming from the primary separation and micro/ultra-filtration steps; and h. periodically washing the separation and micro/ultrafiltration devices by means of flushings with the light hydrocarbon condensate. 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the reactor for Fischer-Tropsch type reactions is a bubble reactor consisting of a vessel inside which chemical reactions are triggered, which take place in three-phase systems where a gaseous/vapour phase is bubbled into a suspension of a solid in a liquid. 3. The process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the gaseous/vapour phase consists essentially of the synthesis gas and light reaction products in vapour phase, the dispersing liquid phase is the heavy reaction product or linear hydrocarbons, essentially with a high number of carbon atoms, and the solid phase is represented by the catalyst. 4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the light reaction products consist essentially of hydrocarbon mixtures with a number of carbon atoms ranging from 1 to 25 and a boiling point, for the C5-C25 fraction, equal to or lower than about 150째 C. 5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the second phase produced consists essentially of paraffinic waxes, liquid at the reaction temperature, comprising mixtures of saturated, linear hydrocarbons, with a high number of carbon atoms having a boiling point, at atmospheric pressure, higher than 150째 C. 6. The process according to claim 1, wherein the Fischer-Tropsch reaction is carried out at temperatures equal to or higher than 150째 C., a pressure ranging from 0.5 to 20 MPa being maintained inside the reactor. 7. The process according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is based on cobalt dispersed on a solid carrier selected from at least one oxide of one or more of the following elements: Si, Ti, Al, Zr, Mg. 8. The process according to claim 7, wherein the cobalt is present in quantities ranging from 1 to 50% by weight with respect to the total weight. 9. The process according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the catalyst comprises, with respect to the total, from 0.05 to 5% by weight of ruthenium and from 0.05 to 5% by weight of at least a third element selected from those belonging to group 3. 10. The process according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the catalyst comprises, as promoting element, tantalum in quantities ranging from 0.05-5% by weight, with respect to the total. 11. The process according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is used in the form of a finely subdivided powder with an average diameter of the granules ranging from 10 to 700 μm. 12. The process according to claim 1, wherein the degasification step is carried out in a vertical vessel in which the suspension remains for a time ranging from 1 to 5 minutes. 13. The process according to claim 1, wherein the primary separation step is carried out with devices selected from decanters, trains of frontal filtration cartridges, magnetic filters. 14. The process according to claim 1, wherein the micro/ultra-filtration takes place at a temperature ranging from 210 to 240째 C. and a pressure ranging from 5 to 30 bars in the presence of multiple channel membranes made of alumina, zirconia, titania or sintered steel. 15. The process according to claim 1, wherein the solid particles recovered from the primary filtration and micro/ultra-filtration unit are recycled to the synthesis reactor, in the form of a concentrated suspension. 16. The process according to claim 1, wherein, at the end of their filtering cycle, the filtration units are periodically washed in countercurrent with a stream of light hydrocarbons removed from the corresponding collection tank.
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