Field programmable gate arrays using both volatile and nonvolatile memory cell properties and their control
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
H03K-019/173
G11C-007/00
출원번호
US-0944978
(2004-09-20)
발명자
/ 주소
Schlacter,Guy
출원인 / 주소
KLP International, Ltd.
대리인 / 주소
Perkins Coie LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
62인용 특허 :
98
초록▼
The embodiments of the present invention relate to the general area of Field Programmable Gate Arrays and, in particular, to Field Programmable Gate Arrays ("FPGAs") comprising memory cells with both volatile and nonvolatile properties, and the control and management of each portion to overcome the
The embodiments of the present invention relate to the general area of Field Programmable Gate Arrays and, in particular, to Field Programmable Gate Arrays ("FPGAs") comprising memory cells with both volatile and nonvolatile properties, and the control and management of each portion to overcome the disadvantages of each individual technology. Some of the advantages of combining the two properties in a single FPGA are power reduction, shorter power-on time, configuration flexibility, instant-on logic capability, cost savings in system components including nonvolatile instant-on devices, configuration memories, and standard CMOS process. Furthermore, to optimize these and other advantages of the proposed architecture, additional apparatus and methods are presented to individually and collectively manage and control different parts of such hybrid FPGAs.
대표청구항▼
I claim: 1. A field programmable gate array configured to receive power, comprising: a first portion including volatile memory cells, wherein the volatile memory cells require configuration values upon turning on the power; a second portion including nonvolatile memory cells, wherein the nonvolatil
I claim: 1. A field programmable gate array configured to receive power, comprising: a first portion including volatile memory cells, wherein the volatile memory cells require configuration values upon turning on the power; a second portion including nonvolatile memory cells, wherein the nonvolatile memory cells are capable of storing at least a part of the configuration values required by the volatile memory cells, and wherein upon turning on the power the second portion will provide at least a part of the required configuration values required by the volatile memory cells; at least one input/output bank comprising an input/out port; and a power control circuit, whereby the power to at least one part of the gate array including the at least one input/output bank, the first portion of the gate array, or the second portion of the gate array can be individually and independently turned off or on, and wherein the power control circuit can either directly turn any of the said at least one parts off or on or can program or enable any of the said at least one parts to be turned off or on upon receiving a global on/off signal. 2. The field programmable gate array of claim 1, wherein turning off or turning on the power to the entire gate array or to any portion of the gate array is user controllable. 3. The field programmable gate array of claim 1, wherein the configuration values resident in the second portion cause at least a part of the gate array, comprising both volatile and nonvolatile cells, to be instantly on after a power-up. 4. The field programmable gate array of claim 1, wherein the configuration values residing in the nonvolatile memory cells of the second portion enable at least a part of the gate array to be reconfigured to its original configuration while the power remains on. 5. The field programmable gate array of claim 1, wherein a fabrication process of the field programmable gate array is the scaleable standard CMOS process. 6. The field programmable gate array of claim 1, wherein to provide security against reverse engineering of the gate array, a multiplicity of the nonvolatile memory cells utilize non-floating gate (flash), non-antifuse, and non-EEPROM technology to securely store configuration data. 7. The field programmable gate array of claim 6, wherein the field programmable gate array is capable of using either nonsecure or the secure configuration data. 8. A programmable device, comprising: a power control facility; a first portion including memory cells that exhibit volatile properties and require configuration values upon power-up, wherein the power to the first portion of the device can be independently turned off or on by the power control facility; and a second portion including memory cells that exhibit nonvolatile properties and are capable of storing at least a portion of the configuration values required by the first portion of the device, wherein the power to the second portion of the device can be independently turned off or on by the power control facility, and wherein upon turning the power on to the first portion of the device the second portion provides at least a part of the configuration values required by the first portion. 9. The programmable device of claim 8, wherein to provide security against reverse engineering of the devise, a multiplicity of the memory cells exhibiting nonvolatile properties utilize non-floating gate (flash), non-antifuse, and non-EEPROM technology to securely store configuration data. 10. The programmable device of claim 9, wherein the device is capable of using either nonsecure or the secure configuration data. 11. The programmable device of claim 8, wherein the configuration values resident in the second portion cause at least a part of the device to be instantly on after a power-up. 12. The programmable device of claim 8, wherein turning off or turning on the power to the entire device or to any portion of the device is user controllable. 13. The programmable device of claim 8, where the power control facility comprises: a means for directly and independently turning off or turning on the power to the first portion or to the second portion or to both portions of the device; and a means for programming or enabling either or both portions of the device to be turned off or turned on upon receiving a global on/off signal. 14. The programmable device of claim 8, wherein upon the restoration of the power to a part of the device, such as the first or the second portion of the device, the device is at least partially reconfigured by the configuration values residing in the second portion of the device, or by a user provided configuration values, or by both, and wherein the residing configuration values of the second portion are required intelligence and/or information for configuring the first portion of the device. 15. The programmable device of claim 8, wherein the programmable device is a field programmable gate array. 16. The programmable device of claim 8, wherein a fabrication process of the device is the scaleable standard CMOS process. 17. A field programmable device configured to receive power, comprising: a first portion comprising a memory cell with volatile properties; a second portion comprising a memory cell with nonvolatile properties; at least one input/output bank comprising an input/out port; and a power control facility, wherein the facility separately and individually controls the supply of power to at least one part of the device including any of the at least one input/output banks, the first portion of the device, or the second portion of the device. 18. The field programmable device of claim 17, wherein to provide security against reverse engineering of the devise, a multiplicity of the memory cells with nonvolatile properties utilize non-floating gate (flash), non-antifuse, and non-EEPROM technology to securely store configuration data, and wherein the field programmable device is capable of using either nonsecure or the secure configuration data. 19. The field programmable device of claim 17, wherein turning off or turning on the power to the entire device or to any of the said at least one parts of the device is user controllable. 20. The field programmable device of claim 17, where the power control facility comprises: a means for directly and independently turning off or turning on the power to the entire device or to any of the said at least one parts of the device; and a means for programming or enabling any of the said at least one parts of the device, to be turned off or on upon receiving a global signal. 21. The field programmable device of claim 17, wherein the field programmable device is a field programmable logic array. 22. The field programmable device of claim 17, wherein the second portion of the device is capable of providing intelligence and/or information required for at least partially reconfiguring any of the said at least one parts of the device, including the first portion of the device, upon restoration of the power to the device or to any of the said at least one parts of the device. 23. The field programmable device of claim 17, wherein the second portion of the device is capable of providing intelligence and/or information required for turning the device, or any of the said at least one parts of the device, instantly on. 24. The field programmable device of claim 17, wherein a fabrication process of the device is the scaleable standard CMOS process. 25. The field programmable device of claim 17, wherein a multiplicity of the memory cells with nonvolatile properties are also capable of being configured as volatile memory cells, which enables testing of the circuit connections prior to programming the cells. 26. A field programmable device configured to receive power, comprising: a hybrid portion further comprising cells exhibiting both volatile and nonvolatile memory properties, wherein the hybrid portion is capable of storing at least a part of configuration values required by at least one part of the device, such as the hybrid portion itself; at least one input/out bank comprising an input/out port, and a power control facility, wherein the supply of power to any of the at least one parts of the device, such as to any of the at least one input/output banks or to the hybrid portion, is controlled separately and individually. 27. The field programmable device of claim 26, wherein to provide security against reverse engineering of the devise, a multiplicity of the cells exhibiting both volatile and nonvolatile memory properties utilize non-floating gate (flash, non-antifuse, and non-EEPROM technology to securely store configuration data. 28. The field programmable device of claim 27, wherein the field programmable device is capable of using either nonsecure or the secure configuration data. 29. The field programmable device of claim 26, wherein turning off or turning on the power to any of the said at least one parts of the device is user controllable. 30. The field programmable device of claim 26, where the power control facility comprises: a means for directly and independently turning off or turning on the power to any of the said at least one parts of the device such as the hybrid portion or any of the at least one input/output banks; and a means for programming any of the said at least one parts of the device such as the hybrid portion or any of the at least one input/output banks to be turned off or on upon receiving a global signal. 31. The field programmable device of claim 26, wherein the field programmable device is fabricated utilizing a semiconductor fabrication process. 32. The field programmable device of claim 26, wherein the volatile properties of the cells permit testing of the circuit connections prior to programming the cells. 33. A field programmable logic array configured to receive power, comprising: a hybrid portion including cells which exhibit both volatile and nonvolatile memory properties, wherein a multiplicity of the cells permanently retain intelligence and/or information to, at least partially, control and configure the logic array or a part of the logic array upon restoration of power, or to reconfigure the logic array or a part of the logic array to its original configuration while the power continues to be on, and wherein to provide security against reverse engineering of the logic array a multiplicity of the cells exhibiting both volatile and nonvolatile properties utilize non-floating gate (flash), non-antifuse, and non-EEPROM technology to securely store configuration data. 34. The field programmable logic array of claim 33, wherein the field programmable logic array is capable of using either nonsecure or the secure configuration data. 35. The field programmable logic array of claim 33, wherein a part of the intelligence and/or information for configuring the logic array or a part of the logic array is provided by a user. 36. A field programmable gate array, configured to receive power, comprising: at least one input/output bank further comprising an input/output port; at least two logic tile arrays, wherein each logic tile array comprises at least two logic tiles and each logic tile further comprises at least two logic cells, and wherein at least one logic tile uses hybrid cells exhibiting both volatile and nonvolatile memory properties, and a multiplicity of the hybrid cells permanently retain intelligence and/or information to, at least partially, control and configure the gate array or a part of the gate array upon restoration of power, or to reconfigure the gate array or a part of the gate array to its original configuration while the power continues to be on; and a power control facility, wherein the power control facility separately and individually controls the supply of power to any of the at least one input/output banks, to any logic tile, and to any logic tile array. 37. The field programmable gate array of claim 36, wherein to provide security against reverse engineering of the gate array, a multiplicity of the hybrid cells utilize non-floating gate (flash), non-antifuse, and non-EEPROM technology to securely store configuration data. 38. The field programmable gate array of claim 37, wherein the field programmable gate array is capable of using either nonsecure or the secure configuration data. 39. The field programmable gate array of claim 36, wherein supply of the power is user controllable. 40. The field programmable gate array of claim 36, where the power control circuit comprises: a means for turning off or turning on the power to any of the logic tiles, logic tile arrays, or to any of the at least one input/output banks; and a means for programming or enabling any of the logic tiles, logic tile arrays, or any of the at least one input/output banks to be turned off or on upon receiving a global signal. 41. The field programmable gate array of claim 36, wherein the hybrid cells, prior to programming the cells, make testing of the circuit connections possible. 42. The field programmable gate array of claim 36, wherein at least a part of the required intelligence and/or information for configuring any part of the array resides in the hybrid cells of at least one logic tile, and wherein the field programmable gate array is instantly turned on, at least partially, utilizing the said resident intelligence and/or information. 43. The field programmable gate array of claim 36, wherein at least a part of the required intelligence and/or information for configuring any part of the array resides in the hybrid cells of at least one logic tile, and wherein the field programmable gate array is, at least partially, configured by the resident intelligence and/or information upon power-up or reconfigured to its original configuration while the power is on. 44. The field programmable gate array of claim 36, wherein the field programmable gate array is fabricated utilizing a semiconductor process. 45. The field programmable gate array of claim 36, wherein a separate signal is dedicated to at least one logic tile array to directly and individually turn its power on or off. 46. The field programmable gate array of claim 36, wherein a separate signal is dedicated to at least one logic tile to directly and individually turn its power on or off. 47. The field programmable gate array of claim 36, wherein a one-bit signal is dedicated to at least one logic tile array to directly and individually turn its power on or off. 48. The field programmable gate array of claim 36, wherein a one-bit signal is dedicated to at least one logic tile to directly and individually turn its power on or off. 49. The field programmable gate array of claim 36, wherein a separate signal is dedicated to at least one logic tile array to program or enable the logic tile array to be turned on or off upon receiving a global control signal. 50. The field programmable gate array of claim 36, wherein a separate signal is dedicated to at least one logic tile to program or enable the logic tile to be turned on or off upon receiving a global control signal. 51. The field programmable gate array of claim 36, wherein a one-bit signal is dedicated to each logic tile array to program or enable the logic tile array to be turned on or off upon receiving a one-bit global control signal. 52. The field programmable gate array of claim 36, wherein a one-bit signal is dedicated to each logic tile to program or enable the logic tile to be turned on or off upon receiving a one-bit global control signal. 53. A field programmable device configured to receive power, comprising hybrid cells each of which exhibits both volatile and nonvolatile memory properties, wherein at least one of the hybrid cells stores intelligence and/or information required for reconfiguration of at least one part of the device upon turning on the power to that portion, or for reconfiguration of the at least one part of the device to its original configuration while the power is on, and wherein the device can be at least partially reconfigured by the resident intelligence and/or information, by a user-provided intelligence and/or information, or by both. 54. The field programmable device of claim 53, wherein to provide security against reverse engineering of the device, a multiplicity of the hybrid cells utilize non-floating gate (flash), non-antifuse, and non-EEPROM technology to securely store configuration data, and wherein the field programmable device is capable of using either nonsecure or the secure configuration data. 55. The field programmable device of claim 53, wherein the power to any of the at least one parts of the device can be individually and independently turned off or on. 56. The field programmable device of claim 53, wherein the supply of power to any of the at least one parts of the device is user controllable. 57. The field programmable device of claim 53, further comprising a means for turning off or turning on the power to any of the at least one parts of the device, individually and independently, wherein a user or any of the at least one parts of the device can either directly turn one of the at least one parts of the device off or on, or can program or enable one of the at least one parts of the device to be turned off or on upon receiving a global control signal. 58. The field programmable device of claim 53, wherein the field programmable device is fabricated utilizing a semiconductor process. 59. A field programmable gate array configured to receive power, comprising: at least one input/output bank further comprising an input/output port; at least two logic tile arrays, each logic tile array comprising at least two logic tiles, each logic tile further comprising at least two logic cells, where at least one logic tile array uses hybrid cells exhibiting both volatile and nonvolatile memory properties, and wherein a part of required intelligence and/or information for configuring at least a part of the device resides in at least one of the logic tile arrays with hybrid cells; and a means for individually and independently turning off or turning on the power to any of the at least one input/output banks, any logic tile, or any logic tile array. 60. A field programmable gate array configured to receive power, comprising: a first portion including volatile memory cells, wherein the volatile memory cells require configuration values; and a second portion including nonvolatile memory cells, wherein the nonvolatile memory cells are capable of storing at least a part of the configuration values required by the volatile memory cells, and upon turning on the power the second portion will provide at least a part of the required configuration values required by the volatile memory cells, and wherein the configuration values residing in the nonvolatile memory cells of the second portion is capable of reconfiguring at least a part of the gate array to its original configuration while the power remains on. 61. A field programmable gate array, comprising a multiplicity of nonvolatile memory cells , wherein to provide security against reverse engineering of the gate array, the multiplicity of nonvolatile memory cells utilize non-floating gate (flash), non-antifuse, and non-EEPROM technology to securely store configuration data, and wherein the gate array is capable of using either nonsecure or the secure configuration data. 62. A programmable device, configured to receive power, comprising: a power control facility; a first portion including memory cells that exhibit volatile properties and require configuration values, wherein the power to the first portion of the device can be independently turned off or on by a user or by the power control facility; and a second portion including memory cells that exhibit nonvolatile properties and are capable of storing at least a portion of the configuration values required by the first portion of the device, wherein the power to the second portion of the device can be independently turned off or on by the user or by the power control facility, and wherein upon turning the power on to the first portion of the device the second portion provides at least a part of the configuration values required by the first portion. 63. A field programmable gate array, configured to receive power, comprising: at least one input/output bank further comprising an input/output port; and at least two logic tile arrays, wherein each logic tile array comprises at least two logic tiles and each logic tile further comprises at least two logic cells, and wherein at least one logic tile uses hybrid cells exhibiting both volatile and nonvolatile memory properties, and a multiplicity of the hybrid cells permanently retain intelligence and/or information to, at least partially, control and configure the gate array or a part of the gate array upon restoration of power, or to reconfigure the gate array or a part of the gate array to its original configuration while the power continues to be on. 64. A field programmable device, comprising: a hybrid portion further comprising cells exhibiting both volatile and nonvolatile memory properties, wherein the hybrid portion is capable of storing at least a part of configuration values required by at least one part of the device, such as the hybrid portion itself, and is capable of providing the stored configuration values to the at least one part of the device, and wherein the cells exhibiting nonvolatile memory properties utilize non-floating gate (flash), non-antifuse, and non-EEPROM technology.
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