초록 ▼

A reciprocating piston-type internal combustion engine includes an engine cylinder, an intake port, an intake runner providing a passage through which intake gas enters the cylinder through the intake port, an intake valve for opening and closing the intake port, and a first flap located in the inta

A reciprocating piston-type internal combustion engine includes an engine cylinder, an intake port, an intake runner providing a passage through which intake gas enters the cylinder through the intake port, an intake valve for opening and closing the intake port, and a first flap located in the intake runner upstream from the intake valve, arranged in series with the intake valve, and having first and second positional states that vary during each engine cycle. The first state opens the intake runner passage to permit intake gas to enter the cylinder through the intake port. The second state at least partially closes the intake runner passage to control the flow of gas exiting or entering the cylinder through the intake port.

대표청구항 ▼

What is claimed is: 1. An internal combustion engine that operates on an engine cycle, comprising: an engine cylinder including an intake port; an intake manifold providing a passage through which intake gas enters the cylinder through the intake port; an intake valve for opening and closing the in

What is claimed is: 1. An internal combustion engine that operates on an engine cycle, comprising: an engine cylinder including an intake port; an intake manifold providing a passage through which intake gas enters the cylinder through the intake port; an intake valve for opening and closing the intake port; and a first flap located in the intake manifold upstream from the intake valve, arranged in series with the intake valve, having first and second positional states that vary during each engine cycle, the first state opening the passage to permit intake gas to enter the intake port, the second state at least partially closing the passage to limit the flow of intake gas through the intake port, wherein said first and second positional states vary with each engine cycle. 2. The engine of claim 1, further comprising: an exhaust port; an exhaust manifold providing a passage through which exhaust gas exits the cylinder through the exhaust port; an exhaust valve for opening and closing the exhaust port; and a second flap located in the exhaust manifold downstream from the exhaust valve, arranged in series with the exhaust valve, having third and fourth positional states that vary during each engine cycle, the third state opening the exhaust passage to permit exhaust gas to exit the exhaust port, the fourth state at least partially closing the exhaust passage to limit the flow of exhaust gas from exiting the exhaust port, wherein said third and fourth positional states vary with each engine cycle. 3. The engine of claim 2, further comprising: a cam shaft formed with a cam for operating the exhaust valve to produce two openings and closures of the exhaust valve during an engine cycle. 4. The engine of claim 1, further comprising: an EGR source communicating with intake passage between the first flap and the intake port, wherein the first positional state further opens the intake passage to permit intake gas and EGR gas to enter the intake port, the second state at least partially closing the intake passage to limit the flow rate of intake gas through the intake port to increase the flow rate of EGR gas through the intake port. 5. The engine of claim 1, further comprising: an EGR source communicating with intake passage between the first flap and the intake port; an exhaust port; an exhaust runner providing a passage through which exhaust gas exits the cylinder through the exhaust port; an exhaust valve for opening and closing the exhaust port; a second flap located in the exhaust runner downstream from the exhaust valve, arranged in series with the exhaust valve, having third and fourth positional states that vary during each engine cycle, the third state opening the exhaust runner passage to permit exhaust gas to exit the exhaust port, the fourth state at least partially closing the exhaust runner passage to limit a flow rate of exhaust gas through the exhaust port wherein said third and fourth positional states vary with each engine cycle. 6. The engine of claim 1, further comprising: a cam shaft formed with a cam for operating the intake valve to produce two openings and closures of the intake valve during an engine cycle. 7. An internal combustion engine that operates on an engine cycle, comprising: multiple engine cylinders, each cylinder including first and second intake ports; first intake runners providing passages through which intake gas enters the first intake port of each respective cylinder; second intake runners providing passages through which intake gas enters the second intake port of each respective cylinder; first intake valves for opening and closing the first intake port of each respective cylinder; second intake valves for opening and closing the second intake port of each respective cylinder; a plenum having an inlet through which intake gas enters the plenum, and first and second outlets through which intake gas exits the plenum; a first resonator communicating with the first outlet and the first intake runner of each respective cylinder and producing in the first intake runner first pressure pulses of intake gas having a varying cyclic amplitude; a second resonator communicating with the second outlet and with the second intake runner of each respective cylinder and producing in the second intake runner second pressure pulses of intake gas having a varying cyclic amplitude that is out of phase with the first cyclic pressure pulses; and first flaps, each first flap located in a first intake runner upstream from, and in series with a respective first intake valve, having first and second positional states that vary during each engine cycle, the first state opening the first intake runner passage to permit the first pressure pulses to enter the respective first intake port when an amplitude of the first pressure pulses reaches a predetermined magnitude, the second state at least partially closing the respective first intake runner passage to limit the flow rate of intake gas from the respective cylinder through the respective first intake port, wherein said first and second positional states vary synchronously with each engine cycle. 8. The engine of claim 7, wherein the first state occurs when the first intake valves open and when the first intake valves close. 9. The engine of claim 7, further comprising: second flaps, each second flap located in a second intake runner upstream from, and in series with a respective second intake valve, having third and fourth positional states that vary during each engine cycle, the third state opening the respective second intake runner passage to permit the second pressure pulses to enter the respective second intake port when an amplitude of the second pressure pulses reaches a predetermined magnitude, the fourth state at least partially closing the second intake runner passage to limit the flow rate of intake gas from the respective cylinder through the respective second intake port, wherein said third and fourth positional states vary synchronously with each engine cycle. 10. The engine of claim 9 wherein the fourth state closes the second intake runner passage to limit the flow rate of intake gas from the respective cylinder through the respective second intake port. 11. The engine of claim 9, wherein the third state occurs when the second intake valves open and when the second intake valves close. 12. The engine of claim 7 wherein the second state closes the respective first intake runner passage to prevent flow of intake gas from the respective cylinder through the respective first intake port. 13. The engine of claim 7, further comprising: first and second exhaust ports in each cylinder, through which exhaust gas exits the respective cylinder; first exhaust runners providing passages through which exhaust gas exits each respective cylinder through the first respective exhaust port; second exhaust runners providing passages through which exhaust gas exits each respective cylinder through the second respective exhaust port. 14. An internal combustion engine that operates on an engine cycle, comprising: an engine cylinder including an intake port and an exhaust port; an intake runner providing a passage through which intake gas enters the cylinder through the intake port; an exhaust runner providing a passage through which exhaust gas exits the cylinder through the exhaust port; a flap located in one of the intake runner or exhaust runner, having first and second positional states that vary during each engine cycle, the first state opening the respective runner passage, the second state at least partially closing the respective runner passage, wherein said first and second positional states vary synchronously with each engine cycle. 15. The engine of claim 14 wherein the engine is a two-stroke engine. 16. The engine of claim 14 wherein the engine is a two-stroke engine, and the flap is located in the exhaust runner passage in series with exhaust port. 17. A system for controlling an engine comprising: an internal combustion engine that operates on an engine cycle, the engine including a cylinder, an intake port communicating with a source of intake air, and an engine intake valve for opening and closing communication between the cylinder and the intake port; a flap operatively arranged in series with and located upstream from the engine intake valve; sensors producing signals representing operating parameters; a controller operatively connected to the sensors, determining with reference to an operating parameter points during the engine cycle when a future opening and a future closing of the engine intake valve will occur, opening the flap before the engine intake valve opens during the current engine cycle, and in responsive to said determination closing the flap before the engine valve closes such that a pressure pulse from the air source is retained in the cylinder, wherein said opening and closing of said engine intake valve varies synchronously with each engine cycle. 18. The system of claim 17 wherein the operating parameter is engine speed. 19. The system of claim 17 wherein the operating parameter is a measure of engine load. 20. The system of claim 17 wherein the operating parameter is a throttle position. 21. The system of claim 17 wherein the operating parameter is engine temperature. 22. The system of claim 17, further comprising: an exhaust port communicating with the atmosphere, and an engine exhaust valve for opening and closing communication between the cylinder and the exhaust port; a second flap operatively arranged in series with, and located downstream from the engine exhaust valve; and the controller determining points during the engine cycle when a future opening and a future closing of the engine exhaust valve will occur, and in responsive to said determination closing the second flap before the engine valve closes during the current engine cycle such that a low magnitude pressure pulse is retained in the cylinder, wherein said opening and closing of said engine exhaust valve varies synchronously with each engine cycle.