IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0147971
(2005-06-08)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Smith,Douglas M.
- Roderick,Kevin
- Campbell,Peter L.
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출원인 / 주소 |
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
11 인용 특허 :
93 |
초록
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A sorption cooling system for providing cooled air to the cabin of a vehicle. The sorption cooling system includes an evaporator, a condenser adapted to fluidly communication with the evaporator, and a plurality of adsorbent beds adapted for fluid communication with the condenser and the evaporator.
A sorption cooling system for providing cooled air to the cabin of a vehicle. The sorption cooling system includes an evaporator, a condenser adapted to fluidly communication with the evaporator, and a plurality of adsorbent beds adapted for fluid communication with the condenser and the evaporator. Each adsorbent bed includes a fluid impermeable casing, desiccant sheets having apertures therethrough, a refrigerant flow path for flowing a refrigerant proximal to a first side of the desiccant sheets, and a coolant flow path for flowing a coolant fluid proximal to a second side of the desiccant sheets. The apertures are a portion of one of the refrigerant and coolant flow paths.
대표청구항
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What is claimed is: 1. A closed-loop sorption cooling system for providing cooled air to the cabin of a vehicle, the sorption cooling system comprising: an evaporator; a condenser adapted for fluid communication with said evaporator; and a plurality of adsorbent beds adapted for fluid communication
What is claimed is: 1. A closed-loop sorption cooling system for providing cooled air to the cabin of a vehicle, the sorption cooling system comprising: an evaporator; a condenser adapted for fluid communication with said evaporator; and a plurality of adsorbent beds adapted for fluid communication with said condenser and said evaporator, each adsorbent bed comprising: i. a fluid impermeable casing comprising a refrigerant inlet, a refrigerant outlet, a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet; ii. a first desiccant sheet comprising a first aperture therethrough and a first adsorbent side; and iii. a second desiccant sheet comprising a second aperture therethrough and a second adsorbent side; iv. a refrigerant flow path for flowing a refrigerant fluid between said refrigerant inlet and refrigerant outlet, said refrigerant path being at least partially defined by said first and second adsorbent sides; and v. a coolant flow path for flowing a coolant fluid between said coolant inlet and said coolant outlet, said coolant flow path being fluidly isolated from said refrigerant flow path and being adjacent to at least one of said first and second desiccant sheets; wherein said first and second apertures are a portion of one of said refrigerant flow path and said coolant flow path. 2. The closed-loop sorption cooling system of claim 1, wherein said refrigerant fluid consists essentially of water and said coolant fluid is in the liquid-phase. 3. The closed-loop sorption cooling system of claim 2, wherein said coolant is a liquid used in cooling of an internal combustion engine. 4. The closed-loop sorption cooling system of claim 1, wherein said first and second adsorbent sides are substantially parallel to each other and are separated by not greater than 5 millimeters. 5. The closed-loop sorption cooling system of claim 1, wherein at least one of said refrigerant flow path and said coolant flow pat is non-linear. 6. The closed-loop sorption cooling system of claim 1, wherein said apertures are a portion of said refrigerant flow path and said refrigerant flow path is non-linear. 7. The closed-loop sorption cooling system of claim 1, wherein said apertures are a portion of said coolant flow path and said coolant flow path is non-linear. 8. The closed-loop sorption cooling system of claim 1, wherein at least one of said first and second desiccant sheets comprise a plurality of apertures, said plurality of apertures being a portion of one of said refrigerant flow path and said coolant flow path. 9. The closed-loop sorption cooling system of claim 1, wherein the pressure within any of said evaporator, said condenser and said plurality of adsorbent beds does not exceed 14.7 psig. 10. The closed-loop sorption cooling system of claim 1, further comprising a third desiccant sheet disposed between said first and second desiccant sheets, said third desiccant sheet comprising a third aperture, said third aperture being a portion of one of said refrigerant flow path and said coolant flow path. 11. The closed-loop sorption cooling system of claim 10, wherein at least a portion of said coolant fluid path is adjacent to both said first adsorbent sheet and said third adsorbent sheet. 12. The closed-loop sorption cooling system of claim 1, wherein said first desiccant sheet comprises carbon impregnated with a metal salt selected from the group consisting of lithium chloride, calcium chloride and mixtures thereof. 13. A multiple-stage sorption cooling system comprising the closed-loop sorption cooling system of claim 1. 14. A method of providing cooled air to the interior of a vehicle, the method comprising: evaporating an aqueous-based refrigerant in an evaporator, said evaporator comprising a thermally conductive sidewall; flowing air proximal to said thermally conductive sidewall to produce cooled air; adsorbing the aqueous-based refrigerant in an adsorber, the adsorber comprising: i. a plurality of desiccant sheets comprising a carbon impregnated with a metal salt, each of said plurality of sheets comprising at least one aperture; and ii. a coolant flow path fluidly isolated from a refrigerant flow path, wherein said at least one aperture is a portion of one of said coolant flow path and said refrigerant flow path; and providing said cooled air to the interior of the vehicle. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising the steps of: circulating a hot liquid-phase coolant through said coolant flow path; condensing said aqueous-based refrigerant; and supplying said condensed aqueous-based refrigerant to said evaporator. 16. The method of claim 14, further comprising the step of: circulating a cold coolant through said coolant flow path. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein said circulating of cold coolant step and said adsorbing step are at least partially overlapping. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein said cold coolant is in a liquid-phase. 19. The method of claim 16, further comprising the step of: circulating a hot liquid-phase coolant through said coolant flow path, wherein said circulating a cold coolant step and said circulating a hot liquid-phase coolant step are non-overlapping. 20. The method of claim 14, wherein said adsorber is a first adsorber, said coolant flow path is a first coolant flow path, the method further comprising: during said adsorbing step, circulating a cold coolant through said first coolant flow path of said first adsorber; and circulating a hot liquid-phase coolant through a second coolant flow path of a second adsorber, wherein said circulating a hot liquid-phase coolant step and circulating a cold coolant step are at least partially overlapping. 21. The method of claim 20, further comprising the step of: circulating said cold coolant through a third coolant flow path of a third adsorber. 22. The method of claim 20, further comprising the step of: during said adsorbing step, circulating said cold coolant through a third coolant flow path of a third adsorber. 23. The method of claim 14, wherein said evaporator is a first evaporator, the method further comprising: prior to said providing said cooled air to the interior of the vehicle step, flowing said air proximal to a second evaporator, wherein said first evaporator is an element of a first sorption cooling system, said second evaporator is an element of a second sorption cooling system, and wherein said first and second sorption cooling systems are a portion of a multiple-stage sorption cooling system. 24. A sorption cooling system for providing cooled air to the cabin of a vehicle, the system comprising: a refrigerant source; an adsorber; and a thin-film evaporator fluidly connected to said refrigerant source, said evaporator comprising: i. a sheet of vapor-permeable and liquid impermeable membrane material; ii. an air flow channel proximal to a first side of said membrane material; iii. a refrigerant flow channel proximal to a second side of said membrane material; and iv. a thermally conductive sidewall proximal to said refrigerant flow channel; and a cabin air flow path fluidly connected to said cabin of said vehicle, a portion of said cabin air flow path being proximal to said thermally conductive sidewall.
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