초록 ▼

The corresponding machine tool or milling machine for carrying out the method described has a milling spindle which is displaceable in three spatial directions and with which the workpiece can be machined in a machining region, the machine tool or milling machine having at least one mounting slide,

The corresponding machine tool or milling machine for carrying out the method described has a milling spindle which is displaceable in three spatial directions and with which the workpiece can be machined in a machining region, the machine tool or milling machine having at least one mounting slide, with which the workpiece, for the first machining step, can be mounted in gripping adapters. Furthermore, the machine tool or milling machine has at least one rocker, with which the partly machined workpiece can be mounted by means of at least one special gripping adapter in the first, finally machined region of the workpiece for the second machining step.

대표청구항 ▼

What is claimed is: 1. A method of milling a blank from all directions using at least one machine tool, the method comprising: a first machining step in which the blank is held by at least one gripping adapter and a first region is given a final partial shape by the machine tool, with the final par

What is claimed is: 1. A method of milling a blank from all directions using at least one machine tool, the method comprising: a first machining step in which the blank is held by at least one gripping adapter and a first region is given a final partial shape by the machine tool, with the final partial shape corresponding to an intended use; and a second machining step in which the partly machined blank is held in the first region by at least one special gripping adapter, and a remaining region is given a final overall shape by the machine tool corresponding to the intended use; wherein the first machining step leaves unmachined projecting portions on the final partial shape at a tip part and a root part. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the blank is made of a material selected from the group consisting of metal and ceramic; and the blank has a shape selected from the group consisting of rectangular, cylindrical, and polyhedral. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the blank has a parallelepiped shape. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the blank is cast. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein the blank is forged. 6. The method of claim 2, wherein the blank has not been subjected to a pre-machining step. 7. A machine tool for milling a blank from all directions using a method comprising a first machining step in which the blank is held by at least one gripping adapter and a first region is given a final partial shape by the machine tool, with the final partial shape corresponding to an intended use, and a second machining step in which the partly machined blank is held in the first region by at least one special gripping adapter, and a remaining region is given a final overall shape by the machine tool corresponding to the intended use, the machine tool comprising: a milling spindle that is displaceable in three spatial directions and with which the blank can be machined in a machining region; at least one mounting slide comprising gripping adapters with which the blank can be mounted for the first machining step; at least one rocker comprising at least one special gripping adapter with which the partly machined blank can be mounted in the first region for the second machining step. 8. A method of milling a blank from all directions using at least one machine tool, the method comprising: a first machining step in which the blank is held by at least one gripping adapter and a first region is given a final partial shape by the machine tool, with the final partial shape corresponding to an intended use; and a second machining step in which the partly machined blank is held in the first region by at least one special gripping adapter, and a remaining region is given a final overall shape by the machine tool corresponding to the intended use; wherein the final overall shape is selected from the group consisting of a turbine blade, a guide blade, and a moving blade; and wherein the final partial shape comprises a tip of the blade, an airfoil region of the blade and a root of the blade. 9. The machine tool of claim 7, wherein the machine tool is configured as a milling machine. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein: projecting portions gripped by the gripping adapter are left at the tip and at the root after the first machining step, the projecting portions then being removed in the second machining step. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the blank, in both machining steps, is machined by a single milling spindle displaceable in three spatial directions and carrying a rotatable spindle for mounting a cutting tool. 12. A method of milling a blank from all directions using at least one machine tool, the method comprising: a first machining step in which the blank is held by at least one gripping adapter and a first region is given a final partial shape by the machine tool, with the final partial shape corresponding to an intended use; and a second machining step in which the partly machined blank is held in the first region by at least one special gripping adapter, and a remaining region is given a final overall shape by the machine tool corresponding to the intended use; wherein in the first machining step the blank is held in two gripping adapters that grip the blank at a tip and a root thereof, and the first region is processed in an exposed portion between the two gripping adapters. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein: the gripping adapters are guided by two mounting slides in such a way that the blank, with respect to a milling spindle machining the blank, is displaceable along a first axis and rotatable about the first axis. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein: the rotation takes place about the first axis of the two gripping adapters independently of one another, synchronously, with different rotational speeds. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein: the rotation takes place about the first axis of the two gripping adapters independently of one another, synchronously, with identical rotational speeds. 16. The method of claim 13, wherein: the rotation takes place about the first axis of the two gripping adapters independently of one another, asynchronously, with different rotational speeds. 17. The method of claim 13, wherein: the rotation takes place about the first axis of the two gripping adapters independently of one another, asynchronously, with identical rotational speeds. 18. A method of milling a blank from all directions using at least one machine tool, the method comprising: a first machining step in which the blank is held by at least one gripping adapter and a first region is given a final partial shape by the machine tool, with the final partial shape corresponding to an intended use; and a second machining step in which the partly machined blank is held in the first region by at least one special gripping adapter, and a remaining region is given a final overall shape by the machine tool corresponding to the intended use; wherein after the first machining step with a milling spindle, the partly machined blank is automatically gripped by the at least one special gripping adapter in the first region, the at least one gripping adapter is released and moved out of a working region of the milling spindle, and the partly machined blank, while being mounted in the special gripping adapter, is given the final overall shape with the same milling spindle; and wherein the at least one special gripping adapter is fastened to at least one rocker that is rotatable about a second axis and that in turn is arranged on a rocker slide unit displaceable along a third axis and mounted so as to be rotatable about the third axis, with the rocker also being displaceable perpendicularly to the third axis. 19. The machine tool of claim 7, wherein the milling spindle comprises a base slide unit displaceable in an X direction on rear guideways arranged on a base frame, a Y slide unit displaceable on the base slide unit in a Y direction, a Z slide unit displaceable on the Y slide unit in a Z direction, and a UNI spindle rotatable about a rotary axis in the Z slide unit and carrying a cutting tool. 20. The method of claim 1, wherein the final overall shape is cleaned after the second machining step. 21. The method of claim 1, wherein the final overall shape is measured after the second machining step. 22. The method of claim 1, wherein the final overall shape is packed after the second machining step. 23. The method of claim 1, wherein: the final overall shape is selected from the group consisting of a guide blade and a turbine blade; the blade comprises a shroud band; and the blade has a surface within the range of N4 to N5 at tolerances of +/-0.002 mm, a length within a range of 120 to 2400 mm with a rotating diameter of 50 to 400 mm, and a weight of 10 to 400 kg. 24. The method of claim 1, wherein: the final overall shape is selected from the group consisting of a guide blade and a turbine blade; the blade does not include a shroud band; and the blade has a surface within the range of N4 to N5 at tolerances of +/-0.002 mm, a length within a range of 120 to 2400 mm with a rotating diameter of 50 to 400 mm, and a weight of 10 to 400 kg. 25. The machine tool of claim 19, wherein the at least one special gripping adapter is configured to automatically grip the partly machined blank, and the at least one mounting slide is displaceable out of a machining region of the milling spindle. 26. The machine tool of claim 25, wherein the at least one special gripping adapter is fastened to at least one rocker which is rotatable about a second axis and which in turn is arranged on a rocker slide unit, which is displaceable along a third axis and is mounted so as to be rotatable about the third axis, the rocker being displaceable perpendicularly to the third axis. 27. The machine tool of claim 19, wherein the milling spindle is displaceable in the X direction by +/-1000 to 1200 mm and in the Y direction by +/-300 to 350 mm and in the 7 direction by +900 to 1000 and-90 to 110 mm, relative to a zero point of the machine tool. 28. The machine tool of claim 27, wherein the UNI spindle is rotatable by +/-90 to 100 degrees about the rotary axis. 29. The machine tool of claim 19, wherein two mounting slides are arranged so that the blank is held in the first machining step in two gripping adapters that grip the blank at a tip and a root thereof. 30. The machine tool of claim 29, wherein the gripping adapters are guided by The two mounting slides in such a way that the blank, wit respect to the milling spindle machining the blank, is displaceable along a first axis and rotatable about the first axis. 31. The machine tool of claim 30, wherein: the rotation takes place about the first axis of the two gripping adapters independently of one another, synchronously, with different rotational speeds. 32. The machine tool of claim 30, wherein: the rotation takes place about the first axis of the two gripping adapters independently of one another, synchronously, wit identical rotational speeds. 33. The machine tool of claim 30, wherein: the rotation takes place about the first axis of the two gripping adapters independently of one another, asynchronously, with different rotational speeds. 34. The machine tool of claim 30, wherein: the rotation takes place about the first axis of the two gripping adapters independently of one another, asynchronously, with identical rotational speeds. 35. The machine tool of claim 30, wherein: the displacement axis of the mounting slides is arranged parallel to the X direction of the milling spindle. 36. The machine tool of claim 30, wherein the mounting slides are displaceable on the base slide unit along the first axis by in each case+ respectively-130 to 170 mm and by in each case-respectively+1100 to 1600 mm, relative to a zero point of the machine tool, and rotation about the first axis is configured to be endless. 37. The machine tool of claim 26, wherein the second axis of the rocker is arranged parallel to the X direction of the milling spindle. 38. The machine tool of claim 26, wherein the third axis is arranged parallel to the X direction of the milling spindle. 39. The machine tool of claim 26, wherein the rocker is rotatable about the second axis by +/-50 to 60 degrees, the rocker slide units are displaceable along the third axis by-respectively-1200 to 1800 mm and by-respectively+80 to 120 mm, relative to a zero point of the machine tool, and are rotatable about the third axis by +50 to 60 degrees, relative to the zero point of the machine tool, and the rocker is displaceable perpendicularly to the third axis by-50 to 60 mm respectively +140 to 150 mm, relative to the zero point of the machine tool.