IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0216643
(2005-08-31)
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등록번호 |
US-7264732
(2007-09-04)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
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출원인 / 주소 |
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
14 인용 특허 :
24 |
초록
▼
A continuous ammonium removal system comprising generally an ion-exchange medium, a brine source, and an oxidative reactor. The reactor can operate with ozone as an oxidant and bromide as an oxidation catalyst. Brine recycles continuously from the reactor to the ion-exchange medium for further ammo
A continuous ammonium removal system comprising generally an ion-exchange medium, a brine source, and an oxidative reactor. The reactor can operate with ozone as an oxidant and bromide as an oxidation catalyst. Brine recycles continuously from the reactor to the ion-exchange medium for further ammonium removal. Modular components for inline static mixing, degassing, heat exchange, flow control and electrocoagulation affect ammonium removal from waste water.
대표청구항
▼
What is claimed is: 1. A system for ammonium removal and destruction comprising: an ion-exchange unit including a set of columns packed with an ion-exchange medium; a brine source operatively connected to the set of columns to deliver a brine solution to the columns having sufficient replacement io
What is claimed is: 1. A system for ammonium removal and destruction comprising: an ion-exchange unit including a set of columns packed with an ion-exchange medium; a brine source operatively connected to the set of columns to deliver a brine solution to the columns having sufficient replacement ions to remove at least substantially all ammonium in the ion-exchange medium to produce an ammonium-containing brine solution; a concentrated ammonium tank operatively connected to the set of columns to receive the ammonium-containing brine solution; a reactor operatively connected to the set of columns to receive the ammonium-containing brine solution; and, a flow control member connected to the set of columns and configured to direct flow of the ammonium-containing brine solution to the concentrated ammonium tank or the reactor based on the concentration of ammonium in the ammonium-containing brine solution. 2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the ion-exchange medium includes a zeolite. 3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the reactor includes a static mixer pipe, the static mixer pipe comprising: a substantially cylindrical outer housing having a length and a substantially cylindrical inner member positioned within the outer housing such that an annular space is formed between the outer housing and the inner member; and, a flow directioning member positioned in the annular space and extending at least a portion of the length of the outer housing, the flow directioning member having a spiral shape. 4. The system according to claim 1, farther comprising a degas unit operatively connected to the reactor, the degas unit comprising: a generally cylindrical outer housing having a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, and a gas release outlet; a cylindrical inner pipe positioned inside the outer housing and connected at a top end to the gas release outlet, the inner pipe having a plurality of slits; and, a flow directioning member positioned in a space between the outer housing and the inner pipe and configured to direct fluid flow downward in a spiral path toward the fluid outlet. 5. A continuous ammonium removal system comprising: an ion-exchange medium positioned to remove ammonium ions from a waste stream; a brine source operatively connected to the ion-exchange medium, the brine source including a brine solution used to remove ammonium ions from the ion-exchange medium and thereby produce an ammonium-containing brine solution; and, a first reactor operatively connected to the ion-exchange medium, the first reactor including the ammonium-containing brine solution and ozone to facilitate reaction of the ammonium-containing brine solution with the ozone to produce a treated brine. 6. The ammonium removal system according to claim 5, wherein the first reactor includes the ammonium-containing brine, the ozone, and an oxidation catalyst. 7. The ammonium removal system according to claim 6, wherein the oxidation catalyst is selected from the group consisting of: lithium bromide, sodium bromide and potassium bromide. 8. The ammonium removal system according to claim 5, wherein the treated brine recirculates as the brine source operatively connected to the ion-exchange medium. 9. The ammonium removal system according to claim 5, further comprising an electrocoagulator positioned to treat the ammonium-containing brine solution and/or the treated brine. 10. The ammonium removal system according to claim 5, further comprising: a first tank operatively connected to the ion-exchange medium; and a first flow control member operatively connected to the ion-exchange medium, the first tank and the first reactor. 11. The ammonium removal system according to claim 10, further comprising: a second tank operatively connected to the first reactor; and a third tank operatively connected to the second tank and operatively connected to the ion-exchange medium. 12. The ammonium removal system according to claim 5, wherein the first reactor includes a plurality of in-line static mixer pipes. 13. The ammonium removal system according to claim 5, further comprising a degas tube in fluid communication with the treated brine and operatively connected with the first reactor. 14. The ammonium removal system according to claim 5, further comprising a second reactor operatively connected to the first reactor. 15. The ammonium removal system according to claim 5, further comprising a heat exchanger operatively connected to the first reactor. 16. The ammonium removal system according to claim 5, further comprising an oxidant consumption unit operatively connected to the first reactor. 17. The ammonium removal system according to claim 5, wherein the ion-exchange medium includes a zeolite. 18. A method for continuous ammonium removal from a waste stream comprising: contacting an ammonium-containing waste stream with an ion-exchange medium; flushing the ion-exchange medium with a brine to produce an ammonium-containing brine; and reacting the ammonium-containing brine with ozone to produce a treated brine. 19. The method for continuous ammonium removal according to claim 18, wherein the ammonium-containing brine is reacted with the ozone in the presence of an oxidation catalyst. 20. The method for continuous ammonium removal according to claim 19, wherein the oxidation catalyst is selected from the group consisting of: lithium bromide, sodium bromide, and potassium bromide. 21. The method for continuous ammonium removal according to claim 18, further comprising recirculating the treated brine as the brine for flushing the ion-exchange medium. 22. The method for continuous ammonium removal according to claim 18, further comprising treating the treated brine and/or the ammonium-containing brine using an electrocoagulation system. 23. The method for continuous ammonium removal according to claim 18, further comprising: accumulating the ammonium-containing brine in a first tank operatively connected to the ion-exchange medium; and controlling flow of the ammonium-containing brine with a first flow control member operatively connected to the ion-exchange medium, the first tank, and the first reactor. 24. The method for continuous ammonium removal according to claim 21, further comprising: accumulating the treated brine in a second tank operatively connected to the first reactor; and accumulating brine in a third tank operatively connected to the second tank and operatively connected to the ion-exchange medium. 25. The method for continuous ammonium removal according to claim 18, further comprising passing the ammonium-containing brine through a plurality of in-line static mixer pipes. 26. The method for continuous ammonium removal according to claim 18, further comprising passing the treated brine through a degas tube. 27. The method for continuous ammonium removal according to claim 18, further comprising regulating the temperature of any of the ammonium-containing brine and treated brine with a heat exchanger. 28. The method for continuous ammonium removal according to claim 18, further comprising deactivating any unreacted ozone in the treated brine. 29. The system according to claim 1, comprising an electrophysical separation system positioned to treat the ammonium-containing brine solution. 30. A system comprising: an ion-exchange unit including an ion-exchange medium configured to remove ammonium from a waste stream; a brine source positioned to deliver brine to the ion-exchange unit, the brine being configured to remove the ammonium from the ion-exchange medium; a tank positioned to receive an initial concentrated ammonium-containing brine from the ion-exchange unit; and a reactor positioned to receive a combination of the initial concentrated ammonium-containing brine and a later less concentrated ammonium-containing brine. 31. The system according to claim 30, wherein the reactor includes a static mixer. 32. The system according to claim 30, wherein the ion-exchange medium includes a zeolite. 33. The system according to claim 30, wherein the brine source includes treated brine output from the reactor. 34. The system according to claim 30, comprising an electrophysical separation system positioned to treat the initial concentrated ammonium-containing brine, the later less concentrated ammonium-containing brine, and/or the combination of the initial concentrated ammonium-containing brine and the later less concentrated ammonium-containing brine. 35. An ammonium removal system comprising: an ion-exchange medium configured to remove ammonium from a waste stream; a brine source in fluid communication with the ion-exchange medium to deliver brine to the ion-exchange medium, the brine being configured to remove ammonium from the ion-exchange medium and thereby produce an ammonium-containing brine; and a reactor which includes ozone and the ammonium-containing brine from the ion-exchange medium; wherein the ammonium-containing brine reacts with the ozone to produce a treated brine. 36. The ammonium removal system according to claim 35, wherein the ammonium-containing brine in the reactor includes a combination of an initial concentrated ammonium-containing brine and a later less concentrated ammonium-containing brine. 37. The ammonium removal system according to claim 35, wherein the reactor includes an oxidation catalyst. 38. The ammonium removal system according to claim 35, wherein the brine source includes the treated brine. 39. The ammonium removal system according to claim 35, wherein the reactor includes a static mixer. 40. The ammonium removal system according to claim 35, wherein the ion-exchange exchange medium includes a zeolite. 41. The ammonium removal system according to claim 35, comprising a heat exchanger to regulate the temperature of one or both of the ammonium-containing brine or the treated brine. 42. The ammonium removal system according to claim 35, comprising a degas unit to remove ozone from the treated brine. 43. The ammonium removal system according to claim 35, comprising an electrophysical separation system which is positioned to treat the ammonium-containing brine and/or the treated brine. 44. A method of removing ammonium from a waste stream comprising: moving an ammonium-containing waste stream through an ion-exchange medium; flushing the ion-exchange medium with a brine to remove ammonium from the ion-exchange medium and thereby produce an ammonium-containing brine; reacting the ammonium-containing brine with ozone. 45. The method according to claim 44, wherein the ammonium-containing brine that is reacted with the ozone includes a combination of an initial concentrated ammonium-containing brine and a later less concentrated ammonium-containing brine. 46. The method according to claim 44, wherein the ammonium-containing brine and the ozone are reacted in the presence of an oxidation catalyst. 47. The method according to claim 44, wherein reacting the ammonium-containing brine with the ozone produces a treated brine that is reused to flush the ion-exchange medium. 48. The method according to claim 44, wherein the ammonium-containing brine is reacted with the ozone in a static mixer. 49. The method according to claim 44, wherein the ion-exchange medium includes a zeolite. 50. The method according to claim 44, wherein reacting the ammonium-containing brine with the ozone produces a treated brine, and wherein the method comprises removing excess ozone gas from the treated brine. 51. The method according to claim 44, comprising treating the ammonium-containing brine using an electrophysical separation system.
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