Method and apparatus for controlling temperature gradients within a structure being cooled
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
H01Q-021/00
F28F-007/00
출원번호
US-0423616
(2006-06-12)
등록번호
US-7268744
(2007-09-11)
발명자
/ 주소
Short, Jr.,Byron Elliott
Ochterbeck,Jay M.
출원인 / 주소
Raytheon Company
대리인 / 주소
Baker Botts L.L.P.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
7인용 특허 :
5
초록▼
A phased array antenna apparatus has a plurality of circuit portions which are each coupled to a respective antenna element. Capillary pressure of a cooling fluid within a wick in a loop is utilized to urge the fluid to travel around the loop, the wick being disposed in the region of the circuitry.
A phased array antenna apparatus has a plurality of circuit portions which are each coupled to a respective antenna element. Capillary pressure of a cooling fluid within a wick in a loop is utilized to urge the fluid to travel around the loop, the wick being disposed in the region of the circuitry. In a variation, there are plural wicks in respective evaporators, and cooling fluid is distributed among the evaporators through a series of T-junctions. In another variation, cooling fluid is distributed to a plurality of evaporators in a sequence corresponding to a progressive increase in the respective amounts of heat accepted by the evaporators from structure being cooled.
대표청구항▼
What is claimed is: 1. An apparatus, comprising: an antenna section having a plurality of antenna elements, and having circuitry which includes a plurality of circuit portions each operatively coupled to a respective one of said antenna elements; a cooling section which accepts and dissipates heat
What is claimed is: 1. An apparatus, comprising: an antenna section having a plurality of antenna elements, and having circuitry which includes a plurality of circuit portions each operatively coupled to a respective one of said antenna elements; a cooling section which accepts and dissipates heat generated by said circuitry, said cooling section including a loop containing a cooling fluid, and including a wick disposed within said loop in the region of said circuitry, said wick effecting a capillary pressure which urges said fluid to travel around said loop; and a manifold section which distributes the fluid to a plurality of evaporators in a sequence corresponding to a progressive increase in the respective amounts of heat accepted by said evaporators from said structure. 2. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said antenna section includes a phased array antenna, said antenna elements and said circuitry being portions of said phased array antenna. 3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said antenna elements are arranged in a plurality of rows; wherein said phased array antenna includes a plurality of parallel slats which each have thereon a plurality of said circuit portions that correspond to said antenna elements in a respective said row; and wherein said evaporators are each disposed between and adjacent two of said slats. 4. An apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said antenna elements all lie approximately in a common plane; wherein said circuitry is provided on a circuit board extending approximately parallel to said plane of said antenna elements; and wherein said cooling section includes at least one of said evaporators disposed adjacent at least a portion of said circuitry. 5. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said loop of said cooling system is a capillary pumped loop. 6. An apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said loop of said cooling system includes: at least one of said evaporators having said wick therein; a condenser disposed along said loop at a location remote from said evaporator, said fluid flowing through each of said evaporator and said condenser; and a reservoir which is in fluid communication with said loop, and which contains a quantity of said fluid. 7. An apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said cooling system is configured to sub-cool the fluid exiting said condenser; including a heater for causing the fluid arriving at said evaporator to have approximately a selected temperature; including a sensor for sensing the temperature of the fluid within said reservoir; and wherein heat from said heater is supplied to said fluid in said reservoir. 8. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said loop of said cooling system is a loop heat pipe. 9. An apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said loop of said cooling system includes: at least one of said evaporators having a compensation chamber and having said wick therein; and a condenser disposed along said loop at a location remote from said evaporator, said fluid flowing through each of said evaporator and said condenser; wherein said cooling system is configured to sub-cool the fluid exiting said condenser; and including a heater for causing the fluid arriving at said evaporator to have approximately a selected temperature. 10. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said loop of said cooling system includes at least one of said evaporators having said wick therein, and includes a condenser; and including a heat sink which is in thermal communication with said condenser. 11. A method of cooling an apparatus which includes an antenna section with a plurality of antenna elements, and circuitry having a plurality of circuit portions each operatively coupled to a respective one of said antenna elements, comprising the step of utilizing capillary pressure of a cooling fluid within a wick in a loop to urge the fluid to travel around said loop, said wick being disposed within said loop in the region of said circuitry; and including the step of distributing, at a manifold section, the fluid to a plurality of evaporators in a sequence corresponding to a progressive increase in the respective amounts of heat accepted by said evaporators from said structure. 12. A method according to claim 11, including the step of selecting as said loop a capillary pumped loop. 13. A method according to claim 11, including the step of selecting as said loop a loop heat pipe. 14. An apparatus, comprising: a structure which generates heat; and a cooling section which accepts and dissipates heat generated by said structure, said cooling section including a loop containing a cooling fluid, said loop including a plurality of evaporators disposed in the region of said structure, a manifold section for distributing fluid flowing through said loop among said evaporators, and a plurality of wicks which are each disposed within a respective said evaporator, said wicks effecting a capillary pressure which urges said fluid to travel around said loop, said manifold section including a plurality of first passageway sections which each have an inlet end and which each have an outlet end coupled to an input of a respective said evaporator, and said manifold section having a plurality of second passageway sections that each have a first end which is approximately normal to and communicates with a respective said first passageway section, and that each have a second end which is coupled to said first end of a different said first passageway section, wherein said manifold section distributes the fluid to said evaporators in a sequence corresponding to a progressive increase in the respective amounts of heat accepted by said evaporators from said structure. 15. An apparatus according to claim 14, wherein said structure includes an antenna section having a plurality of antenna elements, and having circuitry with a plurality of circuit portions that are each operatively coupled to a respective one of said antenna elements, said circuitry generating said heat which is accepted and dissipated by said cooling section. 16. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein said antenna section includes a phased array antenna, said antenna elements and said circuitry being portions of said phased array antenna. 17. An apparatus according to claim 16, wherein said antenna elements are arranged in a plurality of rows; wherein said phased array antenna includes a plurality of parallel slats which each have thereon a plurality of said circuit portions that correspond to said antenna elements in a respective said row; wherein said evaporators are each disposed adjacent a respective one of said slats; and wherein said evaporators are each disposed between and adjacent two of said slats. 18. An apparatus according to claim 16, wherein said antenna elements all lie approximately in a common plane; wherein said circuitry is provided on a circuit board extending approximately parallel to said plane of said antenna elements; and wherein each said evaporator of said cooling section is disposed adjacent at least a portion of said circuitry. 19. An apparatus according to claim 14, wherein said loop of said cooling system is a capillary pumped loop. 20. An apparatus according to claim 19, wherein said loop of said cooling system includes: a condenser disposed along said loop at a location remote from said evaporators, said fluid flowing through said evaporators and through said condenser; and a reservoir which is in fluid communication with said loop, and which contains a quantity of said fluid. 21. An apparatus according to claim 20, wherein said cooling system is configured to sub-cool the fluid exiting said condenser; and including a heater for causing the fluid arriving at said evaporators to have approximately a selected temperature. 22. An apparatus according to claim 21, including a sensor for sensing the temperature of the fluid within said reservoir; and wherein heat from said heater is supplied to said fluid in said reservoir. 23. An apparatus according to claim 14, wherein said loop of said cooling system is a loop heat pipe. 24. An apparatus according to claim 23, wherein each said evaporator has a compensation chamber; wherein said loop includes a condenser disposed along said loop at a location remote from said evaporators, said fluid flowing through said evaporators and through said condenser; wherein said cooling system is configured to sub-cool the fluid exiting said condenser; and including a heater for causing the fluid arriving at said evaporators to have approximately a selected temperature. 25. An apparatus according to claim 14, including a plurality of isolators which are each disposed at an inlet to a respective said evaporator. 26. An apparatus according to claim 14, wherein said loop of said cooling system includes a condenser disposed along said loop at a location remote from said evaporators, said fluid flowing through said evaporators and through said condenser; and including a heat sink which is in thermal communication with said condenser.
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