Apparatus and method for filtering particulate and NOx emissions
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
B01D-046/00
B01D-053/04
B01D-053/94
F01N-003/023
출원번호
US-0189304
(2005-07-26)
등록번호
US-7273514
(2007-09-25)
발명자
/ 주소
Bailey,John M.
Waldman, legal representative,Marianne F.
Waldman, deceased,Donald J.
출원인 / 주소
Illinois Valley Holding Company
대리인 / 주소
Husch & Eppenberger LLC
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
5인용 특허 :
54
초록▼
An apparatus and method for filtering particulate from an internal combustion engine by use of monolithic particulate trap systems having porous walls (2c, 24c). The porous walls (2c, 24c) filter the particulate. The filtered particulate on inner surfaces of the porous walls is periodically removed
An apparatus and method for filtering particulate from an internal combustion engine by use of monolithic particulate trap systems having porous walls (2c, 24c). The porous walls (2c, 24c) filter the particulate. The filtered particulate on inner surfaces of the porous walls is periodically removed or regenerated via back flow of previously filtered exhaust gas. The back flow is caused by creating a pressure difference across the porous walls. The back flow of the previously filtered exhaust gas is simultaneously or sequentially coupled with high velocity through flow of exhaust gas in the channels. In addition, the particulate trap system can be an adsorber-catalyst particulate trap system for filtering particulate and reducing NOx via an adsorber-catalyst trap systems to achieve the EPA 2007 standards.
대표청구항▼
What is claimed is: 1. A particulate trap system for an internal combustion engine, comprising: a particulate trap module positioned to accept engine exhaust gas including a plurality of passages having porous walls for receiving the exhaust gas, wherein the porous walls filter particulates from th
What is claimed is: 1. A particulate trap system for an internal combustion engine, comprising: a particulate trap module positioned to accept engine exhaust gas including a plurality of passages having porous walls for receiving the exhaust gas, wherein the porous walls filter particulates from the exhaust gas; a reversing apparatus, said reversing apparatus periodically reversing a portion of the filtered exhaust gas back through the porous walls in reverse flow at a pressure drop, resultant flow velocity, and duration sufficient to dislodge build-up of particulates from the porous walls; and a rotary valve, said rotary valve preventing exhaust gas entry into a minority of the passages and for connecting an entrance of the minority of the passages to a separation chamber, wherein the rotary valve rotates to sequentially cause reverse flow through the porous walls of each of the minority of the passages while permitting normal flow to continue through the porous walls of a majority of the trap passages. 2. A particulate trap system for an internal combustion engine, comprising: a particulate trap module positioned to accept engine exhaust gas including a plurality of passages having porous walls for receiving the exhaust gas, wherein the porous walls filter particulates from the exhaust gas; a reversing apparatus, said reversing apparatus periodically reversing a portion of the filtered exhaust gas back through the porous walls in reverse flow at a pressure drop, resultant flow velocity, and duration sufficient to dislodge build-up of particulates from the porous walls; and wherein said reverse flow is entirely within the same exhaust channel through which exhaust is filtered. 3. A self-cleaning particulate filter module for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine exhaust comprising: a particulate filter, said filter being disposed in a single exhaust channel, said channel being common to all cylinders, said particulate filter filtering particulates from the exhaust when said exhaust flows in a first direction; a flow reverser, said flow reverser being disposed within said single exhaust channel to clean particulate build up from said filter by reversing an exhaust flow through said filter in a second direction; and wherein said second flow direction is entirely within said single exhaust channel. 4. A self-cleaning particulate filter module for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine exhaust comprising: a particulate filter, said filter being disposed in a single exhaust channel, said channel being common to all cylinders, said particulate filter filtering particulates from the exhaust when said exhaust flows in a first direction; a flow reverser, said flow reverser being disposed within said single exhaust channel to clean particulate build up from said filter by reversing an exhaust flow through said filter in a second direction; and wherein said reversed exhaust flow is filtered exhaust. 5. An exhaust particulate filter system for an internal combustion engine, comprising: a particulate trap; the particulate trap including a plurality of passages disposed to receive engine exhaust gas; an exit chamber for receiving filtered exhaust gas passing through the particulate trap; a separation chamber operatively connected to the particulate trap for receiving a reverse flow from a portion of the particulate trap; a flow restriction apparatus, said flow restriction apparatus being disposed to selectively create a pressure difference between the exit chamber and the separation chamber in response to a pre-established operating condition, such that the pressure in the exit chamber is greater than the pressure in the separation chamber, thereby forcing a portion of the filtered exhaust gas from the exit chamber back through a selected portion of the particulate trap in reverse flow and at sufficient pressure drop, resultant flow velocity, and duration to dislodge build-up of particulates from the particulate trap; and a flow directing device oriented to receive the reverse flow from the selected portion of the particulate trap and direct the reverse flow to the separation chamber. 6. The system of claim 5 wherein the particulate trap has porous walls for filtering particulate from the exhaust gas. 7. The system of claim 5 wherein the particulate trap filters soot. 8. The system of claim 5 wherein the particulate trap filters ash. 9. The particulate trap system according to claim 5, wherein the at least one particulate trap module is at least one monolithic cross flow trap module having a plurality of through flow passages. 10. The particulate trap system according to claim 5, wherein the at least one particulate trap module is at least one wall flow trap module. 11. A particulate trap system for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine and including a monolithic wall-flow particulate trap having a plurality of contiguous porous walls, a remotely actuated relief valve downstream of said trap for periodically creating a reverse pressure throughout the exhaust system upstream of the relief valve and including said trap, and a reversing apparatus for periodically creating a reverse pressure drop across a portion of the contiguous porous walls of said trap to dislodge accumulated particulate and cause a portion of the filtered exhaust gas to flow back through said portion of the contiguous porous walls to remove particulate therefrom. 12. A particulate trap system according to claim 11 in which the reversing apparatus includes a relief valve at the downstream end of the trap, the relief valve having a first open position permitting unrestricted flow of filtered exhaust to the atmosphere and a second position restricting passage of the filtered exhaust until a pre-selected pressure level is reached. 13. A particulate trap system as set forth in claim 11 wherein the reversing apparatus includes a valve assembly at the upstream end of the trap and said valve assembly being movable between a first position allowing exhaust flow through said portion of the contiguous walls and a second position blocking such exhaust flow and creating the reverse pressure drop. 14. A method of regenerating a wall-flow particulate trap having a plurality of contiguous porous walls for filtering particulate from an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, the method including the steps of: creating a backpressure in the entire exhaust system from a location downstream of the trap; creating a reverse pressure drop across only a portion of the porous walls to dislodge accumulated particulate therefrom; and causing a portion of filtered exhaust gas to flow back through said portion of the porous walls to carry the dislodged particulate out of the trap.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (54)
Bailey,John M.; Waldman,Donald J.; Waldman,Marianne F., Apparatus and method for filtering particulate and reducing NOx emissions.
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