Devices and methods for controlling the release of a substance
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F16K-017/40
F16K-017/00
F16K-031/02
A62C-037/46
A62C-037/00
출원번호
US-0079436
(2005-03-14)
등록번호
US-7281544
(2007-10-16)
우선권정보
GB-0407142.9(2004-03-30)
발명자
/ 주소
Bocquart,Jean Marie
출원인 / 주소
Kidde IP Holdings Limited
대리인 / 주소
Merchant & Gould, P.C.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
4인용 특허 :
5
초록▼
Valves for controlling the release of a substance, include a housing having an inlet for connection to a source of the substance, an outlet, and a passage extending therebetween. The passage is enclosed by a ceramic disc and means are provided to apply an electrical pulse to the disc to break the di
Valves for controlling the release of a substance, include a housing having an inlet for connection to a source of the substance, an outlet, and a passage extending therebetween. The passage is enclosed by a ceramic disc and means are provided to apply an electrical pulse to the disc to break the disc and so connect the inlet to the outlet. The methods include containing the substance in a container, connecting the container to a valve; and applying an electrical pulse to the disc to break the disc and connect the inlet to the outlet. The valves and methods are particularly suited, but not limited, to the control of substances such as pressurised fire extinguishing media.
대표청구항▼
The invention claimed is: 1. A device for controlling the release of a substance comprising a housing having an inlet for connection to a source of the substance, an outlet and a passage extending therebetween, the passage being closed by a ceramic member and means being provided to apply an electr
The invention claimed is: 1. A device for controlling the release of a substance comprising a housing having an inlet for connection to a source of the substance, an outlet and a passage extending therebetween, the passage being closed by a ceramic member and means being provided to apply an electrical pulse to the ceramic member to break the ceramic member and so connect the inlet to the outlet, and wherein the ceramic member comprises a ceramic material containing a metal oxide and having a dielectric strength equal to or lower than 105Vm-1. 2. A device according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic member is configured to provide means for facilitating breakage of the member on application of the electrical pulse. 3. A device according to claim 2, wherein the member has first and second opposed faces, the breakage facilitating means comprising a groove on the first surface of the member. 4. A device according to claim 3, wherein the first surface is closer to the outlet. 5. A device according to claim 4, wherein the ceramic member is a disc. 6. A device according to claim 5, wherein the groove is an annular groove concentric with the disc and located towards the periphery of the member. 7. A device according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic member comprises a ZrO2/MgO composite, MgO, MgAl2O4, Al2O3 or Y2O3. 8. A device according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic member comprises LaCrO3, LaCoO3, LaNiO4 or NiMn2O4. 9. Fire extinguishing apparatus comprising: a container containing a pressurised fire extinguishing medium; and the device of claim 1 for controlling the release of the fire extinguishing medium; wherein the container is connected to the inlet so that breakage of the ceramic member causes release of the fire extinguishing medium. 10. A device for controlling a release of a substance comprising a housing having an inlet for connection to a source of the substance, an outlet and a passage extending therebetween, the passage being closed by a ceramic member and means being provided to apply an electrical pulse to the ceramic member to break the ceramic member and so connect the inlet to the outlet, wherein the ceramic member comprises two ceramic materials arranged to form two distinct layers, the first ceramic material comprising the first layer of the member and having a relatively high thermal expansion coefficient and the second ceramic material comprising the second layer of the member and having a relatively low thermal expansion coefficient. 11. A device according to claim 10, wherein the first ceramic material has a thermal expansion coefficient that is 5% or less greater than the thermal expansion coefficient of the second ceramic material. 12. A device according to claim 10, wherein the first layer of the member is closer to the inlet. 13. A device according to claim 12, wherein the first ceramic material comprises Al2O3, a ZrO2/Y2O3 composite, a ZrO2/MgO composite or MgO. 14. A device according to claim 12, wherein the second ceramic material has an electrical resistivity equal to or lower than 2.102 Ohm쨌m. 15. A device according to claim 12, wherein the second ceramic material comprises La2NiO4, ZnO, LaCrO3, LaCoO3 or NiMn2O4. 16. Fire extinguishing apparatus comprising: a container containing a pressurised fire extinguishing medium; and the device of claim 10 for controlling the release of the fire extinguishing medium; wherein the container is connected to the inlet so that breakage of the ceramic member causes release of the fire extinguishing medium. 17. A device for controlling a release of a substance comprising a housing having an inlet for connection to a source of the substance, an outlet and a passage extending therebetween, the passage being closed by a ceramic member and means being provided to apply an electrical pulse to the ceramic member to break the ceramic member and so connect the inlet to the outlet, wherein the ceramic member is a composite of a ceramic material and carbon. 18. A device according to claim 17, wherein the ceramic material has an electrical resistivity equal to or lower than 2.102 Ohm쨌m. 19. A device according to claim 18, wherein the ceramic material comprises LaCrO3, SiC or La2NiO4. 20. A device according to claim 17, wherein the carbon is graphitic carbon. 21. Fire extinguishing apparatus comprising: a container containing a pressurised fire extinguishing medium; and the device of claim 17 for controlling the release of the fire extinguishing medium; wherein the container is connected to the inlet so that breakage of the ceramic member causes release of the fire extinguishing medium. 22. A method of controlling a release of a substance, comprising: containing the substance in a container; connecting the container to a device comprising a housing having an inlet for connection to the source of the substance, an outlet and a passage extending therebetween, the passage being closed by a ceramic member; and applying an electrical pulse to the ceramic member to break the ceramic member and so connect the inlet to the outlet, wherein the ceramic member comprises a ceramic material containing a metal oxide and having a dielectric strength equal to or lower than 105Vm-1. 23. A method according to claim 22, further comprising the step of configuring the member to provide means for facilitating breakage of the member on application of the electrical pulse. 24. A method according to claim 23, wherein the member has first and second opposed faces, and providing means for facilitating breakage of the member comprises forming a groove on the first surface of the member. 25. A method according to claim 24, wherein the first surface is closer to the outlet. 26. A method according to claim 22, wherein the ceramic member is a disc. 27. A method according to claim 26, wherein the groove is an annular groove concentric with the disc and located towards the periphery of the disc. 28. A method of controlling a release of a substance, the method comprising: containing the substance in a container; connecting the container to a device comprising a housing having an inlet for connection to a source of the substance, an outlet, and a passage extending therebetween, the passage being closed by a ceramic member; applying an electrical pulse to the ceramic member to break the ceramic member and so connect the inlet to the outlet; and forming the ceramic member to comprise two distinct layers of two different ceramic materials, the first ceramic material comprising the first layer of the ceramic member and having a relatively high expansion coefficient and the second ceramic material comprising the second layer of the ceramic member and having a relatively low expansion coefficient. 29. A method according to claim 28, wherein the first ceramic material has a thermal expansion coefficient that is 5% or less greater than the thermal expansion coefficient of the second ceramic material. 30. A method of controlling a release of a substance, the method comprising: containing the substance in a container; connecting the container to a device comprising a housing having an inlet for connection to a source of the substance, an outlet, and a passage extending therebetween, the passage being closed by a ceramic member; applying an electrical pulse to the ceramic member to break the ceramic member to connect the inlet to the outlet; and forming the ceramic member from a composite of a ceramic material and carbon. 31. A device for controlling a release of a substance comprising: a housing having an inlet for connection to a source of the substance, an outlet, and a passage extending therebetween, the passage being closed by a ceramic member; and means being provided to apply an electrical pulse to the ceramic member to break the ceramic member to connect the inlet to the outlet, wherein the ceramic member comprises a single ceramic material consisting of an oxide, the ceramic material having a dielectric strength which is sufficiently low such that the electrical pulse causes the ceramic member to break by causing voltage over-stress or current over-stress leading to oxide breakdown. 32. A method of controlling a release of a substance, comprising: containing the substance in a container; connecting the container to a device comprising a housing having an inlet for connection to the source of the substance, an outlet and a passage extending therebetween, the passage being closed by a ceramic member; and applying an electrical pulse to the ceramic member to break the ceramic member and so connect the inlet to the outlet, wherein the ceramic member comprises a single ceramic material consisting of an oxide, the ceramic material having a dielectric strength which is sufficiently low such that the electrical pulse causes the ceramic member to break by causing voltage over-stress or current over-stress leading to oxide breakdown.
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