초록 ▼

Methods for injecting charge include providing a target comprising a first layer on a second layer, coupling a conductive base to the second layer, and providing a medium which is in contact with at least a portion of the first layer. An electrode is positioned to face and is spaced from the first l

Methods for injecting charge include providing a target comprising a first layer on a second layer, coupling a conductive base to the second layer, and providing a medium which is in contact with at least a portion of the first layer. An electrode is positioned to face and is spaced from the first layer and is at least partially in contact with the medium. An electric field is provided across the first and second layers to inject charge to an interface between the first layer and the second layer.

대표청구항 ▼

What is claimed is: 1. A method for injecting charge, the method comprising: providing a target comprising a first layer on a second layer; coupling a conductive base to the second layer; providing a housing which defines a chamber, the conductive base is adjacent to an opening to the chamber; prov

What is claimed is: 1. A method for injecting charge, the method comprising: providing a target comprising a first layer on a second layer; coupling a conductive base to the second layer; providing a housing which defines a chamber, the conductive base is adjacent to an opening to the chamber; providing a medium which is in contact with at least a portion of the first layer, wherein the providing a medium further comprises filling at least a portion of the chamber with the medium, wherein at least a portion of the target is substantially covered by the medium; positioning an electrode which faces and is spaced from the first layer, wherein the electrode is at least partially in contact with the medium, wherein the positioning the electrode further comprises disposing the electrode at least partially in the medium in the chamber on an opposing side of the target from the conductive base; and providing an electric field across the first and second layers to inject charge to an interface between the first layer and the second layer. 2. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the housing is made of a non-conducting material. 3. The method as set forth in claim 1 further comprising securing the opening of the chamber of the housing against a portion of the first layer. 4. The method as set forth in claim 3 further comprising sealing the opening of the chamber against the portion of the first layer. 5. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the conductive base is secured across the opening to the chamber in the housing. 6. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the medium has a conductivity between about 1횞10-4 and 1횞10-10 siemens. 7. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the medium is one of a fluid and a solid. 8. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the first and second layers are dissimilar insulators. 9. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the charge trapped at the interface is monopole charge. 10. A method for injecting charge, the method comprising: providing a target comprising a first layer on a second layer, wherein the target further comprises a third layer on first layer; coupling a conductive base to the second layer; providing a medium which is in contact with at least a portion of the first layer; positioning an electrode which faces and is spaced from the first layer, wherein the electrode is at least partially in contact with the medium; and providing an electric field across the first and second layers to inject charge to an interface between the first layer and the second layer. 11. The method as set forth in claim 10 further comprising removing a portion of the third layer to expose a portion of the first layer under the removed portion of the third layer, wherein the remaining portion of the third layer substantially prevents the injection of the charge to a portion of the interface between the first layer and the second layer covered by the remaining portion of the third layer. 12. The method as set forth in claim 10 wherein the first layer comprises silicon nitride, the second layer comprises silicon dioxide, and the third layer comprises silicon dioxide. 13. The method as set forth in claim 10 wherein the target further comprises a substrate on the second layer. 14. A method for injecting charge, the method comprising: providing a target comprising a first layer on a second layer and a third layer on the second layer; coupling a conductive base to the second layer; providing a medium which is in contact with at least a portion of the first layer; positioning an electrode which faces and is spaced from the first layer, wherein the electrode is at least partially in contact with the medium; and providing an electric field across the first and second layers to inject charge to an interface between the first layer and the second layer. 15. The method as set forth in claim 14 wherein the first layer comprises silicon dioxide, the second layer comprises silicon nitride, and the third layer comprises silicon dioxide. 16. The method as set forth in claim 14 wherein the target further comprises a substrate on the third layer.