Ground anchors, in particular tent stakes (100), comprise one or more inherently flexible tines (110), a ground compression plate (160), and various tie points (420, etc.) for attaching a guy rope or the like to the top of anchor. The compression plate extends perpendicularly or at a large angle to
Ground anchors, in particular tent stakes (100), comprise one or more inherently flexible tines (110), a ground compression plate (160), and various tie points (420, etc.) for attaching a guy rope or the like to the top of anchor. The compression plate extends perpendicularly or at a large angle to the tine so that when the guy rope pulls on the anchor, the tine will tend to rotate about an underground fulcrum so that the compression plate will press against the ground and help the anchor resist pullout. The anchors are driven into the ground with a hammer or mallet. The tie points include hooks (420), closed holes (520), and swivel types comprising vertical members (810) with restraining, bulbous tops (820). An additional spring tie point (1600) can be inserted into optional lugs (1094, 1096) in the compression plate. The stakes can be driven into the ground vertically, or at an angle for additional holding force in some situations. They can also incorporate angled compression plates (160H, 160I). A curved stake (100I) provides additional holding force in sand or friable soils. The stakes can be manufactured by a variety of means in various materials, such as glass-reinforced or other plastics and forged or stamped metals.
대표청구항▼
The invention claimed is: 1. A ground anchor stake that is more resistant to pullout, especially in sandy soil, comprising: a. at least one elongated tine with top and bottom ends, said bottom end having a tip to facilitate pushing said tine into the ground, b. a compression plate attached near sai
The invention claimed is: 1. A ground anchor stake that is more resistant to pullout, especially in sandy soil, comprising: a. at least one elongated tine with top and bottom ends, said bottom end having a tip to facilitate pushing said tine into the ground, b. a compression plate attached near said top end of said tine, said compression plate being oriented at an angle of 90 degrees or acute to the portion of said tine below said compression plate, c. said compression plate having a portion extending on one side of said tine, said portion being called a forward portion, d. said forward portion of said compression plate having upper and lower opposing surfaces, said lower surface being a ground-contacting surface that is free of any extending tines so that said lower surface can be urged freely against the ground, e. at least one hawser tie opening attached above and adjacent said upper surface of said compression plate for enabling a hawser or tie to be secured to said ground anchor stake, said hawser tie opening being spaced above said compression plate by a distance that is smaller than the length of said forward portion of compression plate, f. said tie opening being positioned on said forward side of said tine and to the rear of said forward portion of said compression plate so that a pull on said hawser or tie when said tine is inserted in the ground will tend to force said ground-contacting surface of said compression plate down against the ground to compress said ground beneath said ground-contacting surface to restrain forward rotation of said tine, g. said elongated tine being able to flex or bend when said tine is driven into the ground and said hawser exerts a pull on said hawser tie opening, whereby when said tine is driven at an angle of substantially 90째 or less to the surface of the ground until said lower surface of said compression plate contacts said ground, and said hawser exerts a pull on said hawser tie opening, said tine will bend and said plate will move forward and down slightly as said pull is applied due to the inherent flex in the tine and said ground-contacting surface of said compression plate will press against said ground beneath said ground-contacting surface, thereby to aid said stake in resisting pullout from said ground. 2. The ground anchor stake of claim 1 wherein said tine comprises a relatively long main portion, a bight portion, and a forward portion, the top of said main portion being connected to said bight portion, said bight portion extending around and down toward said bottom end of said tine and being connected to said forward portion, said forward portion being shorter than said main portion of said tine, said compression plate being attached to said forward portion and extending back to and around said main portion without attachment to said main portion so as to form said hawser tie opening of said bight portion and said compression plate, whereby said main portion is able to flex without inhibition and a pull from a hawser will urge said compression plate against the ground when said main portion is driven into the ground at a substantially 90째 angle. 3. The anchor of claim 1 wherein said tip is selected from the group consisting of pointed and wedge-shaped members. 4. The anchor of claim 1, further including a second tine, shorter than said first-named tine, connected to and extending beneath said compression plate. 5. The anchor of claim 1 wherein said angle is 90 degrees. 6. The anchor of claim 1 wherein the said angle is acute. 7. The anchor of claim 1, further including an expansion plate affixed and parallel to said compression plate, said expansion plate being larger than said compression plate. 8. The anchor of claim 1 wherein said expansion plate is made of a material selected from the group consisting of metal and plastic. 9. The anchor of claim 1 wherein said elongated tine is made of a material selected from the group consisting of metal, plastic and plant material. 10. The anchor of claim 1 wherein said hawser tie opening comprises a bight loop formed in the intersection between said compression plate and the top portion of said tine. 11. The anchor of claim 1 wherein said hawser tie opening comprises at least one hook extending from a position near said top end of said tine, and lying above said compression plate. 12. The anchor of claim 1 wherein said hawser tie opening comprises a neck and a top, both lying above said compression plate. 13. The anchor of claim 12 wherein said hawser tie opening further includes a second tie point extending from said top downward to said compression plate. 14. The anchor of claim 1 wherein said hawser tie opening comprises at least one hole. 15. The anchor of claim 14 wherein said hawser tie opening is located in said compression plate. 16. The anchor of claim 14 wherein said hawser tie opening is located in said tine, above said compression plate. 17. The anchor of claim 1 wherein said hawser tie opening is a tie-off bar. 18. The anchor of claim 1 wherein said hawser tie opening is a hook extending from the top surface of said compression plate. 19. The anchor of claim 1 wherein said tine further includes at least one first hole into which a pin can be inserted, said compression plate further includes a tubular portion attached to a top side of said compression plate and provided with at least one second hole for accommodating said pin so that said pin attaches said compression plate to said tine yet can be slidably moved up and down on said tine, whereby said tine can be driven a variable distance into the ground and said compression plate can be slidably moved downward on said tine until said compression plate contacts said ground, and said pin is inserted into said first and second holes, thereby holding said compression plate against said ground. 20. The anchor of claim 19 wherein the cross-section of said tine is selected from the group consisting of star-shaped, round and square. 21. The ground anchor of claim 1 wherein said long main portion, said bight portion, and said forward portion of said tine are formed by bends in a continuous bar. 22. A method for more securely anchoring an anchor subject to a pull load to the ground, especially in sandy soil, comprising: providing a stake comprising at least one elongated tine with top and bottom ends and a tip at said bottom end to facilitate pushing said stake into the ground, providing a compression plate attached to said tine near the top of said tine, said compression plate having a forward side extending on one side of said tine, said one side of said tine being called a forward side of said tine, said compression plate forming an angle of 90 degrees or an acute angle with the portion of said tine below said compression plate, said portion of said compression plate extending on said forward side of said tine called a forward portion, said forward portion having upper and lower opposing surfaces, said lower surface being a ground-contacting surface that is free of any extending tines so that said lower surface can be urged freely against the ground, providing at least one hawser tie opening attached above and adjacent said upper surface of said compression plate for enabling a hawser or tie to be secured to said ground anchor stake, said hawser tie opening being positioned on said forward side of said tine and behind said forward side of said compression plate so that a pull on said hawser or tie when said stake is inserted in the ground will tend to force the bottom side of said forward side of said compression plate against the ground to compress said ground beneath said ground-contacting surface to restrain forward rotation of said tine, said hawser tie opening being spaced above said compression plate by a distance that is smaller than the length of said forward portion of compression plate, driving said stake, tip-first, tip into the ground until said compression plate contacts said ground and so that said stake is oriented at an angle of substantially 90째 to the surface of said ground, said stake being free to flex or bend along its length under a load applied to said hawser after said stake is driven into the ground, whereby when said hawser exerts a pull on said hawser tie opening, said stake will bend and said plate will move forward and down slightly as said pull is applied until said plate contacts the ground, thereby to compress said ground and further aid said stake in resisting pullout from said ground. 23. The method of claim 22 wherein said stake comprises a relatively long main portion, a bight portion, and a forward portion, the top of said main portion being connected to said bight portion, said bight portion extending around and down toward said bottom end of said stake and being connected to said forward portion, said forward portion being shorter than said main portion of said stake, said compression plate being attached to said forward portion and extending back to and around said main portion without attachment to said main portion so as to form said hawser tie opening of said bight portion and said compression plate, whereby said main portion is able to flex without inhibition and a pull from a hawser will urge said compression plate against the ground when said main portion is driven into the ground at a substantially 90째 angle. 24. The method of claim 23, further including a second shortened tine extending beneath said compression plate. 25. The method of claim 23 wherein said angle is 90 degrees. 26. The method of claim 23 wherein said angle is acute. 27. The method of claim 23 wherein said long main portion, said bight portion, and said forward portion of said tine are formed by bends in a continuous bar. 28. The method of claim 22 wherein said tip is selected from the group consisting of pointed and wedge-shaped members. 29. A ground anchor that is more resistant to pullout, especially in sandy soil, comprising: a. a stake including at least one elongated tine having bottom and top ends with a tip at said bottom end to facilitate pushing said tine into the ground, b. ground compression means attached to said tine for compressing said ground adjacent said tine, said ground compression means comprising a compression plate forming an angle of 90 degrees or acute with the portion of said tine below said compression plate, said plate extending from one side, called a forward side, of said tine, the portion of said plate extending from said forward side of said tine called a forward portion, the lower surface of said forward portion being a ground-contacting surface that is free of any extending tines so that said lower surface can be urged freely against the ground, c. said tine comprising a relatively long main portion, a bight portion, and a forward portion, the top of said main portion being connected to said bight portion, said bight portion extending around and down toward said bottom end of said tine and being connected to said forward portion, said forward portion being shorter than said main portion of said tine, d. said compression plate being attached to said forward portion of said tine and extending back to and around said main portion of said tine without attachment to said main portion of said tine so as to form a hawser tie opening of said bight portion and said compression plate, whereby said main portion is able to flex without inhibition and a pull from a hawser will urge said compression plate against the ground when said main portion is driven into the ground at a substantially 90째 angle, said hawser tie opening being spaced above said compression plate by a distance that is smaller than the length of said forward portion of compression plate, e. said elongated tine being able to flex or bend under a load applied to said hawser tie opening when said tine is driven into the ground at a substantially 90째 angle to the surface of the ground, whereby when said hawser exerts a pull on said hawser tie opening means, said tine will bend and said plate will move forward and down slightly so as to contact and compress the ground as said pull is applied due to the inherent flex in the tine, thereby to further aid said stake in resisting pullout from said ground. 30. The ground anchor of claim 29 wherein said long main portion, said bight portion, and said forward portion of said tine are formed by bends in a continuous bar.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (5)
Wendling Jack (RR 9 ; South Eighth St. Quincy IL 62301), Animal tether.
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